Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?
①复习一般过去时 ②复合不定代词的用法 ③反身代词的用法 ④系动词的用法
⑤动词后的to do和doing 的区别 ⑥ed形容词和ing形容词的区别 ⑦本单元中的主谓一致现象
⑧动词过去式的构成及不规那么动词表
⑨用同义短语转换同义句时谓语动词形式一致性的培养。 ⑩感慨句的结构和连词的选择
14、feel like感觉像……/想要, 15、go shopping购物, 16、in the past 在过去, 17、walk around绕……走,
18、too many 太多〔可数名词前面〕, 19、because of 因为, 20、one bowl of 一碗……, 21、find out 查出来/发现 , 22、go on继续,
23、take photos 照相,
24、something important重要的事情, 25、up and down上上下下, 26、come up出来
一、词组、短语:
01、go on vacation去度假 , 02、stay at home 呆在家,
03、go to the mountains 上山/进山 , 04、go to the beach到海边去, 05、visit museums 参观博物馆, 06、go to summer camp 去夏令营, 07、quite a few 相当多, 08、study for为……学习, 09、go out 出去,
10、most of the time 大局部时间/绝大多数时间, 11、taste good 尝起来味道好, 12、have a good time玩的开心, 13、of course当然可以,
二、重要句子〔语法〕:
Did you go out with anyone? 你出去带人吗?
No, No one was here. Everyone was on vacation.不,没有人在这儿。大家度去度假了。 Did you buy anything special?你买了什么特别的东西吗?
Yes, I bought something for my father.对,我给父亲买了一些东西。
How was the food? 食物怎么样? Everything tasted really good.每一样东西真的都好吃。 Did everyone have a good time?大家玩的开心吗? Oh, yes. Everything was excellent.对,一切都很精彩。
三、习惯用法、搭配
01. buy sth. for ab./ buy sb. sth. 为某人买某物 02. taste + adj. 尝起来……
03. nothing ….but + V.(原形) 除了……之外什么都没有 04. seem + (to be) + adj 看起来
05. arrive in + 大地方 / arrive at + 小地方 到达某地 06. decide to do sth. 决定做某事
07. try doing sth. 尝试做某事 / try to do sth. 尽力做某事 08. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事 09. want to do sth. 想去做某事
10. start doing sth. 开始做某事
11. stop doing sth. 停止做某事
12. look + adj 看起来 13. dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事
14. Why not do sth. 为什么不做…….呢?
15. so + adj + that + 从句 如此……以至于……
16. tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人〔不要〕 做某事 17. keep doing sth. 继续做某事
18. forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事 / forget doing sth 忘记做过某事
四、词语辨析:
1.Where did you go on vacation? 你去哪里度假了?〔P1〕
1〕这是有疑问副词where引导的特殊疑问句,where用来询问地点和场所,放在句首。 a._____ do you _____ ______?你从哪里来? b._____does he______?他住在哪里? 2〕go on vacation意为“去度假〞。
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I want ____ ____ ____ ____in Hainan this winter.今年冬天我想去海南度假。 2.visited my uncle 看望了我的叔叔〔P1〕
visit是及物动词,意为“拜访;探望〞,后接表示人的名词或代词。 visit还可以意为“参观;游览〞,后接表示地点的名词。
a.I visited my grandmother last week. 上周我去______了我的外婆。 b.Do you want to visit Shanghai? 你想______上海吗? 拓展:visitor意为“参观者;游客〞。
eg: These visitors come from America._______________________ 3.buy anything special 买特别的东西。〔P2〕
1〕buy及物动词,意为“买;购置〞。其过去式为______。
拓展:buy sth. for sb.=buy sb. sth. 意为“给某人买某物〞。 My uncle_____ _____a bike.= My uncle_____ _____for me.
2)anything不定代词,意为“某事;某件东西〞,主要用于疑问句或否认句中。 a.Do you want anything from me? b.I can’t say anything about it. 3) anthing special表示“特别的东西〞,形容词修饰不定代词时后置。 Is there________ ________in this book?这本书里有新的内容吗?
4.Oh, did you go anywhere interesting?哦,你去有趣的地方了吗?〔P2〕
1〕本句是did开头的一般疑问句 2〕anywhere用作副词,意为“在任何地方〞。 eg:Did you go anywhere during the summer vacation? 辨析:anywhere与somewhere
anywhere意为“在任何地方〞,常用于否认句和疑问句中。 eg:I can’t find it anywhere.
somewhere意为“在某处;到某处〞,常用于肯定句中。 eg:I lost my key somewhere near here. 5.We took quite a few photos there.我们在那里拍了不少照片。〔P2〕
take photos 意为“照相;拍照〞。 eg:We______ ______on the Great Wall.我们在长城上照了相。 辨析:quite a few与quite a little
quite a few 意为“很多;不少〞,修饰可数名词复数;
quite a little 意为“很多;不少〞,修饰不可数名词。 a. He stays here for _____ _____ _____days. b.There is _____ _____ _____water in the bottle(瓶子).
6. I just stayed at home most of the time to read and relax. 我大局部时间只是待在家里读书休息。 〔P2〕 most of the time意为“大局部时间〞,其中most为代词,意为“大局部;大多数〞。
拓展most of…意为“……中的大多数〞,它作主语时,谓语动词取决于most of后所修饰的名词。
a. Most of us_____(be)going to the park. 我们大多数人要去公园。 b. Most of the food_____(go)bad. 大局部的食物都变质了。 7.Everything tasted really good!所有的东西尝起来真的很好吃!〔P3〕
taste在此为系动词,意为“尝起来〞,其后接形容词构成系表结构。 a.The food tastes really great.食物尝起来棒极了。
8. Did everyone have a good time?大家都玩得很开心吗?〔P3〕
have a good time = enjoy oneself = have fun 玩得开心 〔+ doing〕 eg: We had a good time visiting the the Great Wall.
= We enjoyed ourselves visiting the the Great Wall.= We had fun visiting the the Great Wall. 9.How did you like it? 你觉得它怎么样?〔P3〕
How do/did you like……? 意为“你觉得……怎么样?〞,用来询问对方的观点或看法,相当于 What do you think of……?
eg: How do you like your new job? = _____ _____ _____ _____ your new job? 10.Did you go shopping? 你们去购物了吗?〔P3〕
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go shopping意为“去购物;去买东西〞,同义短语为do some shopping. eg: I usually go shopping on Sundays.我通常星期天去购物。 拓展:“go+doing〞形式表示“去做某事〞,常用于表达从事某一体育活动或休闲活动。
go skating 去滑冰 go hiking 去 go sightseeing 去观光 go fishing 去钓鱼 go swimming 去游泳 go boating 去划船
11.I went to a friend’s farm in the countryside with my family.我和家人一起去了乡下一个朋友的农场。〔P3〕 a friend’s farm是名词所有格形式。
一般情况下,表示“有生命的人或物〞的名词后面加’s,表示所属关系。 eg:The red bike is Alice’s. 那辆红色的自行车是爱丽斯的。 拓展:名词所有格的构成:
1〕单数名词词尾加’s ,复数名词词尾没有s,也要加’s
the girl ‘s pen女孩的钢笔 women’s shoes女鞋 on Children’s Day 2〕复数名词以s结尾的只加 ’
the students’ reading room学生阅览室 Teachers’ Day教师节
3〕如果两个名词并列,并且分别有’s,那么表示“分别有〞;只后一个名词有一个’s,那么表示“共有〞: John’s and Kate’s rooms. 约翰和凯特〔各自〕的房间。 Lily and Lucy’s father. 莉莉和露西的爸爸〔同一个爸爸〕。 4〕表示无生命的名词一般以...of...构成短语,表示所有关系。
a map of China一幅中国地图 the name of the story那个故事的名字 12. Still no one seemed to be bored. (即使这样)仍然没有人看起来无聊。〔P3〕 1〕seem意为“好似;似乎;看来〞。
eg:Everything seems easy.一切似乎很容易。
拓展a. seem+adj. “看起来……〞。 You seem happy today.你今天看起来很快乐。
b. seem+to do sth. “似乎,好似做某事〞。 I seem to have a cold.我似乎感冒了。
c. It seems/seemed+从句 “看起来好似…;似乎…〞。It seems that no one believes you.看起来好似没有人相信你。 2〕辨析:bored与boring
a. bored意为“厌烦的;感到无聊的〞,一般在句中修饰人。
b. boring意为“无聊的;令人厌烦的〞,一般在句中修饰事或物。 eg:a. I’m ______with what he said.我对他说的话厌烦极了。 b. I find the story very_______.我发现这个故事太无聊了。 〔二〕Section B
1. What activities do you find enjoyable? 你发现什么活动让人快乐?〔P5〕 1〕activities是activity的复数形式,意为“活动〞。
Students like outdoor activities. ____________________________ 2〕enjoyable形容词,意为“愉快的;快乐的〞。
I’m sure we will have an enjoyable vacation. 我确信我们将会有一个愉快的假期。
2. I arrived in Penang in Malaysia this morning with my family. 今天早上我和家人到达了马来西亚的槟城。〔P5 arrive不及物动词,意为“到达〞。arrive in表示到达较大的地方,如国家、省、市等;arrive at表示到达 较小的地方,如机场、商店、广场、村庄等。〔注:地点副词home,here,there前介词省略〕 辨析:①arrive in+大地点 / arrive at+小地点 ②get to +地点 ③reach+地点 eg:I (到达) school at 8:00 o’clock yesterday.
3. …so we decided to go to the beach near our hotel… 因此我们决定到旅馆附近的海滩上去。〔P5〕 “决定做某事〞。 eg: They _____ ______ ______the museum.他们决定去参观博物馆。
拓展:decide后常跟“疑问词+动词不定式〞做宾语。He can’t decide when ______ _____(leave) 他不能决定何时动身。 4. My sister and I tried paragliding.姐姐和我尝试了滑翔伞运动。〔P5〕
try此处用作及物动词,其后常接名词、动名词或不定式,意为“尝试;试图,设法;努力〞
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She is trying my bicycle.她正在试骑我的自行车。
拓展:try也可用作名词,意为“尝试〞,常用短语“have a try〞,意为“试一试〞。 I want to have a try.我想试一试。 辨析:try doing sth. / try to do sth.
1〕try doing sth. 尝试做某事,表示一种尝试、做做看的想法,不一定付出很多努力。
2〕try to do sth.尽力、设法去做某事,表示想尽一切方法要把事情办成,强调付出努力设法去完成。 a. I ______ ______ him, but no one answered. 我试着给他打 了,但没有人接听。 b. I’m ______ ______ ______ English well. 我正尽力把英语学好。
5. I felt like I was a bird. It was so exciting! 我感觉自己就像一只小鸟。太刺激了!〔P5〕 1〕feel like意为“给……的感觉;感受到〞。其后常接从句。 eg: He feels like he is swimming. 他感觉像在游泳一样。
拓展:feel like还可意为“想要……〞,其后可接名词、代词或动名词。即:
feel like sth. 想要某物 feel like doing sth. 想要做某事 eg:Do you feel like a cup of tea now? 你现在想要一杯茶吗?
Do you feel like ______ (take) a walk in the park with me? 你想跟我在公园散步吗? 2〕辨析:exciting与excited
exciting 意为“令人兴奋的,使人冲动的〞, 一般修饰某物。 excited 意为“感到兴奋的,冲动的〞, 一般修饰某人。 Eg:a.The story is_________(exciting, excited) . b.He told me the_______(exciting, excited)news.
c.Sarah was_______(exciting, excited)to see the singer.
6. There are a lot of new buildings now…现在有许多新的建筑物……〔P5〕 building 可数名词,意为“建筑物;楼房〞。 build 动词,“建造,建筑〞 〔built,built〕,
The workers built many tall buildings in our school last year.
7. I wonder what life was like here in the past. 我想知道在这儿过去的生活是什么样的。〔P5〕
wonder此处是及物动词,意为“想知道;琢磨〞。其后常接who, what, why等疑问词引导的宾语从句。 Eg:1.I wonder _______________. 我想知道那个男孩是谁。A. the boy is who B. who the boy is 2. I wonder what they were doing here.我想知道他去哪里了。
8.I really enjoyed walking around the town. 我真的很喜欢在镇上到处走走。 〔P5〕
1〕enjoy及物动词,意为“喜爱;欣赏;享受……的乐趣〞,其后接名词,代词或动名词作宾语。 a. Do you enjoy your job? 你喜欢你的工作吗?
b. I enjoy reading books. 我喜欢读书。(enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事)
拓展: enjoy oneself =have a good time = have fun 玩得开心 〔+ doing sth.〕
2〕walk around 意为“四处走走〞。He’s just walking around the village.他只是在村庄里随便走走。 9. What a difference a day makes! 一天的变化有多大呀! 〔P5〕
difference可数名词,意为“差异,差异〞 ;其形容词形式为different,意为“不同的;有差异的〞。 Eg: a. What is the difference between this book and that book?
b. My schoolbag is different from yours. ( be different from 意为“与……不同〞)
10. We wanted to walk up to the top , but then it started raining a little so we decided to take the train.〔P5〕 1〕want to do sth. 意为“想要做某事〞。
2〕start doing sth. 意为“开始做某事〞,同义短语:start to do sth. Eg: Tom started learning English last year.
3〕a little 意为“一点儿〞,在句中修饰动词、形容词或副词。也可以修饰不可数名词。 Eg: a. I can draw a little, but only as a hobby. ______________________________ b. It’s a little cold outside. ______________________________
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c. He can speak a little English. ______________________________
4) take the train意为“乘火车〞,take在此意为“乘坐〞。
11.We waited over an hour for the train because there were too many people. 因为人太多,所以我们等了一个 多小时的火车。〔P5〕
1〕wait for意为“等候〞,其后可接人或物。 Tom was waiting for a bus over there.
2〕over介词,意为“多于;超过〞 ,相当于more than。 Eg : My father is over 40 years old.
There are over eight hundred students in our school.
3) too many意为“太多〞,其后接可数名词复数。 He always has too many questions to ask me. 辨析:too many + 可数名词复数 意为“太多... 〞 too much + 不可数名词 意为“太多... 〞 much too + 形容词 意为“太... 〞 eg:I have homework to do today.
12.And because of the bad weather, we couldn’t see anything below.而且因为坏天气,我们也没能看到下面的 任何景色〔P5〕
辨析:because of与because
a. because of意为“因为,由于〞,后可接名词、代词或动名词,不能接句子。 He lost his job because of his age.
b. because意为“因为〞,引导状语从句,即接句子。 I didn’t buy the shirt because it was too expensive.
13. My father didn’t bring enough money… 我爸爸没带足够的钱……〔P5〕 1〕辨析:bring与take
bring意为“带来;拿来〞, 指从别处带到说话者所在地。 take意为“拿走;带走〞, 指从说话者所在地带到别处去。 2〕enough 意为“足够的,充分的〞
1.用来修饰形容词或副词,一般置于被修饰词之后。 2.用来修饰名词时可放在形容词前面或后面。 Eg:a. We have enough time to do our homework. b. The box is big enough.
14. …because we forgot to bring an umbrella… 因为我们忘了带雨伞。〔P6〕 辨析:forget to do sth.与forget doing sth.
forget to do sth. 意为“忘记要做某事〔事情还没做〕〞 eg: Don’t forget to close the window. forget doing sth. 意为“忘记做过某事〔事情已经做过了〕〞 eg: I forget closing the window. 15. About one hour later, we stopped and drank some tea. 大约一小时后,我们停下来喝了些茶。〔P6〕 1〕one hour later 一小时后 ; 一小时前__________________
2〕stop动词,意为“停止;中断〞,过去式_________,现在分词__________; 3〕drink及物动词,意为“喝;饮〞; 还可以作名词,意为“饮料〞。 16. Did you dislike anything? 你不喜欢什么东西吗?〔P7〕
dislike意为“不喜欢;厌恶〞,其后可接名词、代词或动名词形式作宾语。 Eg:a. Mary ______ the hamburgers. 玛丽不喜欢汉堡包。 b. I _____ ______ computer 我不喜欢玩电脑游戏。 17. Why not? 为什么不带呀?〔P8〕
why not意为“为什么不呢〞,一般用在疑问句中,表示提建议;why not后面需跟动词原形。 注“Why not + 动词原形?〞 相当于“Why don’t you+ 动词原形?〞
a. Why not go to the party with me? =Why don’t you go to the party with me?为什么不和我一起去参加聚会呢?
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b._____ _____ take a walk? = _____ ______ _____ take a walk? 为什么不去散步呢?
18.Everyone in our class took a bag with some food and water. 我们班上的每一个人都随身带了装有食物和水的提袋。〔P8〕 with介词,意为“具有;带有〞。 此处介词短语with some food and water作bag的后置定语。 拓展:with作介词时的其他用法:
a.“和……一起’ I often go to school ______ my friend. 我经常和朋友们一起去上学。 b. 以〔手段、材料〕,用〔工具〕, Cut the apple with a knife. 用刀切苹果。
19. My legs were so tired that I wanted to stop. 我的双腿太累了以至于我都想停下来。〔P8〕 so…that… / such…that…〔如此…以致〕引导的结果状语从句 so+adj./adv.+that… Eg:1. He is ____lovely a boy____we love him very much.
2. The little boy is so young that he can’t go to school. _________________________________ 20. 常用的感慨句的结构:
1〕What +adj.+ 复数名词 / 不可数名词+主语+谓语! 2〕What +a/an+adj.+可数名词单数+主语+谓语! 3〕How +adj. +a/an+可数名词单数+主语+谓语! 4〕How+adj./adv. +主语+谓语!
eg: 1.What an interesting book it is! = How interesting a book is! 那本书多么有趣啊!
5._____sweet water it is! A.Who B.What C.Where D. How 6._____interesting the dog is! A.Who B.What C. Where D. How
21. My classmates told me to keep going, so I went on. 我的同学告诉我坚持往前走,因此我便继续前 进了〔P8〕
1〕tell sb. (not)to do sth. 意为“告诉某人〔不要〕做某事。
The teacher ______ ______ ______ ______ the window just now. 老师刚刚告诉我们擦窗户。 2〕keep doing sth. 意为“继续做某事,一直做某事〞。
She______ ______ TV for two hours last night. 昨晚她持续看了两个小时的电视。 23. Everyone jumped up and down in excitement. 大家都兴奋地跳起来。〔P8〕 up and down 意为“上上下下;来来回回〞,在句中作状语。 Eg:They looked me ______ ______ ______. 他们上上下下打量我。 He walks______ ______ ______ in the room. 他在房间里来回走动。
22. 反身代词:myself , ourselves, yourself , yourselves, himself, herself, itself, themselves.
作动词或介词的宾语:经常在enjoy, teach, hurt, buy, introduce, dress, kill等动词和by, for, to, of等介词后作宾语。一年主考宾语回自身
He is teaching himself English.她在自学英语。 She was talking to herself.她自言自语。
He lives by himself in the country.他单独住在乡下。 1) Help yourself! 请随便吃吧!/请自己去取吧! 5) by oneself 单独 2) Make yourself at home! 别客气! 6) for oneself 为自己;替自己 3) make yourself heard /understood. 使你被人听得见/理解 7) enjoy oneself 玩的愉快 4) teach oneself 自学=learn by oneself 8) dress oneself 给自己穿衣
23.few, little, a few, a little :的用法few, a few修饰可数名词,little, a little修饰不可数名词。few, little具有否认意义,表示“几乎没有〞,a few, a little具有肯定意义,表示“一些〞。
He has little money, but few students want to lend money to him.他几乎没有钱,但是几乎没有学生想借钱给他。 There is a little milk and a few apples left in the fridge.冰箱里还有一些牛奶和一些苹果。
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