高一英语必修三知识点总结：Unit4

　　Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars

　　1. be fundamental to… 对……是基本的，必需的This is fundamental to a true understanding of the book. 这对真正理解这本书⼗分重要。

　　2. in sb’s presence 当着某⼈的⾯，有某⼈在场

　　She asked them not to discuss the matter in her presence. 她要求他们不要当着她的⾯讨论这个问题。　　3. be harmful to… 对……有害的

　　= do harm to…The air here is harmful to our health. 这⾥的空⽓对我们有害。　　4. There is no harm in doing sth. 不妨做某事　　= It does no harm to do sth.

　　He may not be able to help but there’s no harm in asking him. 他可能帮不了忙，但是求他⼀下倒也⽆妨。　　5. exist on… 靠……⽣存

　　= live on…They exist on very little food. 他们靠极少的⾷物⽣存。　　6. exist in… 存在于……中

　　Several people believe the Devil exists in the world. 少数⼈认为世界上存在恶魔。　　7. in a puzzle 不知如何是好，很迷惑

　　I am in a puzzle about what he said. 我对他说的话迷惑不解。　　8. in time

　　1)迟早;最后 = sooner or later; eventually　　2)及时;不迟 = not late

　　You’ll learn how to do it in time. 你早晚能学会做这件事的。　　Will I be in time for the train? 我赶得上那趟⽕车吗?　　9. give birth to… ⽣出，产出

　　She gave birth to a second child in January. ⼀⽉份的时候她⽣了第⼆个孩⼦。

　　The Chinese nation has given birth to many national heroes and revolutionary leaders. 中华民族养育了很多民族英雄和⾰命领袖。

　　10. in one’s turn 轮到某⼈也(做某事)，也They, in their turn, made a proposal. 他们接着也提了⼀个建议。　　11. by turns 轮流，交替

　　The two brothers looked after their sick mother by turns. 兄弟俩轮流照看他们⽣病的母亲。　　12. in turn 依次

　　Each man in turn stood up and spoke. 每个⼈依次站起来发⾔。　　13. It is one’s turn to do sth. 轮到某⼈做某事

　　It’s your turn to wash the dishes. 今天轮到你洗盘⼦了。　　14. prevent sb./ sth. (from) doing sth. 阻⽌某⼈做某事

　　= stop sb./ sth. (from) doing sth.

　　= keep sb./ sth. From doing sth.The heavy rain prevented us going on, but we didn’t lose heart. ⼤⾬阻⽌我们前进，但是我们不灰⼼失望。

　　15. escape from… 从……逃出

　　Who helped him escape from the prison?是谁帮他逃出监狱的?　　16. block out　　1)挡住(光线或声⾳)　　2)忘掉，抹去(不愉快的事)

　　Black clouds blocked out the sun. 乌云遮住了太阳。

　　Over the years she had tried to block out that part of her life. 多年来她努⼒想把⽣命中的那⼀段经历从记忆中抹去。　　17. block off (⽤障碍物)隔开，封锁

　　Police blocked off the street after the explosion. 在发⽣爆炸之后，警⽅⽤路障封锁了那条路。　　18. block up 塞住，封住(孔，洞)

　　My nose is blocked up because of a heavy cold. 因患重感冒，我的⿐⼦堵了。

　　19. crash (sth.) into sth. (把某物)撞到某物上He crashed his car into a wall. 他的汽车撞到了墙上。　　20. pull in　　1)(⽕车等)进站

　　2)吸引(观众、⽀持这等)

　　The train pulled in right on time. 这列⽕车正点到站。

　　The new show is certainly pulling in the crowds. 新的表演⼀定很吸引⼈。　　21. pull out　　1)拔出，取出(+of…)　　2)(⽕车等)驶离(车站)

　　He pulled out a gun. 他掏出⼀⽀枪

　　I arrived as the last train was pulling out. 我到达时，末班列车刚刚开出。　　22. pull down 拆毁

　　The cinema she used to visit had been pulled down. 她常去的那家电*已经拆除了。　　23. pull up (使车辆)停下

　　The driver pulled up at the traffic lights. 司机在红绿灯前把车停住。　　24. pull through 恢复知觉或康复

　　She was so ill that it seemed unlikely that she would pull through. 她病得很厉害，看来不⼤可能康复了。　　25. the mass of ⼤多数的(⼈)

　　The mass of workers do not want this strike. ⼤多数⼯⼈不愿举⾏这次罢⼯。　　26. be a mass of sth. 充满;布满

　　The garden was a mass of colour. 花园⾥的景⾊五彩缤纷。

　　His face was a mass of bruises after the fight. 他打完架后脸上青⼀块紫⼀块的。

　　27. in the mass 总体上;总的来说

　　She says she doesn’t like children in the mass. 她说从总体上讲她不喜欢孩⼦。　　28. cheer up 感到振奋;(使)⾼兴起来

　　The fans cheered up when they saw their favorite star. 看见⾃⼰喜欢的明星，“粉丝”们兴奋起来了。

　　Tom bought his girlfriend a large diamond ring to cheer her up. 为了哄⼥友⾼兴，汤姆给她买了⼀棵⼤钻戒。　　29. cheer sb. on 为某⼈加油;⿎励

　　The crowd cheered the runners on as they started the last lap. 赛跑进⼊最后⼀圈时，观众为运动员加油⿎劲。　　30. now that… 既然……

　　= since…Now that everyone is here, let’s discuss the problem. 既然⼤家都到了，让我们开会吧。　　31. get the hang of (doing) sth. (⼝语)掌握(做)某事的窍门、要点　　Have you got the hang of driving a car? 你掌握开车的窍门的了吗?　　I don’t quite get the hang of his speech. 我不⼗分了解他讲话的要点。　　32. break out (⽕灾、战争等)爆发

　　World War II broke out in 1939. 第⼆次世界⼤战是1939年爆发的。　　33. come about 发⽣

　　(是不及物动词短语，⽆被动语态)How did it come about that you got lost? 你怎么会迷路了呢?　　34. watch out (for…) 当⼼，提防

　　You’ll be cheated if you don’t watch out. 如果你不当⼼，就会上当受骗。　　Watch out for cars when you cross the road. 过马路时要当⼼车辆。　　35. 倍数的表达⽅法：

　　1)A is + 倍数 + as + adj./ adv. + as B　　“A 是B的……倍”

　　2)A is + 倍数 + ⽐较级 + than B　　“A⽐B……倍”

　　3)A is + 倍数 + the size (height, length, width等) + of B　　“A 是B的……倍”

　　The population of China is about six times as large as that of the United States. 中国的⼈⼝⼤约是美国的6倍。　　The jet fighter flies three times as fast as sound. 这架喷⽓式战⽃机的飞⾏速度是⾳速的3倍。　　This room is three times larger than that one. 这个房间⽐那个房间⼤3倍。　　This room is three times the size of that one. 这个房间是那个房间的3倍⼤。