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沪教版-牛津英语3A-知识点总结 习题

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牛津英语3A 知识点总结(一)

一.名词:

表示物体名称的词 1.分类:

①专有名词:例如人名(Alice),地名(Shenyang)等 (首字母要大写) ②普通名词:例如眼睛(eye),头发(hair)等 2.普通名词的分类:

①可数名词:可以数出来的名词,有复数 例如:ear----ears ②不可数名词:不可以数出来的名词,没有复数 例如:hair ☆可数名词变复数的规则变化: ①直接+___________

②以_____, ________, _________,_________结尾,直接+____________ ③以y结尾

__________+y结尾,直接+___________

__________+y结尾,把y变________,再+___________

④以f或者_________结尾,把_______或者________去掉,再+_____________ ⑤以o结尾,大部分直接+_________

但是黑人,英雄,____________________, __________________+___________ ☆可数名词变复数的不规则变化: ①把man变_____________ ②单复____________

中国人, ____________,日本人,鹿,_____________ ③oo变___________

_________________ ________________ ________________ ④加en或者_________

公牛ox(复数) oxen _________________ ⑤特殊变化:_______________________________ 练习:

1.选出不同类的单词

( ) 1.A. Mary B.Miss C.Mr ( ) 2.A.cat B.sheep C.egg

( ) 3.A.morning B.afternoon C.hello ( ) 4. A.milk B.rice C.doll ( ) 5. A.sheep B.ice-cream C.wolf

2.判断下列单词是不是可数名词,如果是写出复数,如果不是,画×

1.hair _____________ 2.rabbit _______________ 3.eye ____________ 4.ear_______________ 5.water________________ 6.friend___________ 7.boy_______________ 8.family________________ 9.wolf____________ 10.peach____________ 11.sheep_______________ 12.fish____________ 13.mouse____________ 14.tomato_____________ 15.zoo___________ 16.milkman___________ 17.child_______________ 18.book__________ 3.用所给词的适当形式填空

1.These are my _____________(book). 2.Count the ____________(chick).

3.How many _____________(boy)? --One ___________(boy).

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4.This is my ___________(bed). 5.Its ___________(ear) are long. Its tail _________(be)short. It’s a __________(rabbit). 二.冠词:

1.不定冠词: _________ ___________ 含义:

一个(泛指) 用法:

a+________字母开头的单词前 例如:一个大苹果 ______________ an+_______字母开头的单词前 例如:一个苹果 _______________ 2.定冠词: __________ 含义:

表示这个,那个,这些,那些(特指) 用法:

①第二次提到 This is a girl. The girl is my friend.

②说话双方都知道 擦黑板。______________________________________ 数小鸡。______________________________________ 3.零冠词:/ 用法:

①人名前无冠词 她是Alice._________________________________ ②四季前无冠词 在冬天____________________________________ 练习:

1.用a ,an ,/来填空 1.This is _______egg. 2.It’s _______dog.

3.I want __________ice-cream. 4.In_______autumn,it’s cool. 5.He is ___________Mr Li. 2.翻译下列短语

1.打开门__________________________ 2.穿上我的鞋_______________________ 3.一个大苹果______________________ 4.一个桔子_________________________ 5.看黑板__________________________ 6.它的眼睛_________________________ 三.形容词:

用来形容人或物的词 1.形容词的位置

①放在名词前,修饰名词 例如:长头发 _______________ ②.系表结构:主语+be+形容词 例如:我很高。________________ 2.高的 _________________ 矮的____________________ 长的_________________ 短的____________________ 胖的_________________ 瘦的____________________ 大的_________________ 小的____________________ 旧的_________________ 新的____________________ 老的_________________ 年轻的__________________ 热的_________________ 冷的____________________ 温暖的_______________ 凉爽的__________________ 高兴的________________ 伤心的__________________ 黑色的________________ 白色的___________________

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3.同义句

它很暖和。_________________________ =__________________________ 我不高兴。_________________________=_____________________________ 练习:

1.写出划线单词的反义词

1.Spring is a warm season. But autumn is _______________. 2.I have a big apple. You have a _______one. 3.My father is tall. My mother is ________. 4.This is a fat pig. That is a _______monkey. 5.Don’t open the window. Please ________it. 2.按要求完成下列句子

1. He is fat.(变成否定句,句意不变)_____________________________________ 2. My mother is short.(一般疑问句,肯定回答)______________________________ 3. I am thin.(一般疑问句,否定回答)______________________________________ 四.代词

1.人称代词:为了避免重复,用来代替上文提到的人或物 单数 复数 第一人称 第二人称 主格 形容词性物主代 主格 形容词性物主代 第三人称 注意:句型转换时:I---you we---you my---your our---your的互换 用法:主格+动词 形物代+名词 动词或者介词+宾格

I(宾格)--- me you(宾格)--- you they(宾格)---them 2.指示代词:代替人或物的词

(近指) 这个 ______________ 这些 _________________ (远指) 那个 ______________ 那些 _________________ 注意:疑问句中出现指示代词时,回答时不能用指示代词 练习:

1.按要求改写句子

1.These are cats.(单数句)______________________________________________ 2.These are my pencils.(一般疑问句,肯定回答)____________________________ 3.She is my sister.(一般疑问句)_________________________________________ 4.These are old books.(单数句)___________________________________________ 5.This is a beautiful doll.(复数句)_____________________________________ 6.What’s this?(用桔子回答)______________________________________________ 7.What’re these?(用桔子回答)___________________________________________ 8.Is this Peter?(肯定回答)______________________________________________ 2.读一读,选词填空 this these you I my your 1.--This is ______book. --Yes, this is my book. 2.________is a blackboard._________are desks and chairs.

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3.This pen is nice. ________ruler is long. ________pencils are short. 4._________room is small. Your room is big. 5._________am a girl. __________hair is long. 6.--_______bed is nice. --Thank ____________. 3.选择

( ) 1.--Is ______your bed? --Yes, ____is. A.these it B.this it C.this they ( ) 2.These _________ my rabbits. A.is B.are C.am

( ) 3.--Who_______?--He is my brother Joe. A.am I B.are you C.is he

( ) 4.--What are these? --________are my books. A.This B.These C.They

( ) 5.Look at ______ tail. _______short. A.it’s It’s B.its It’s C.its Its ( ) 6.Count _______again.

A.they B.them C.their 五.数词

和数字有关的词,叫做数词

一____________ 二_____________ 三______________ 四______________ 五____________ 六_____________ 七______________ 八______________ 九____________ 十_____________ 十一____________ 十二____________ 练习:

1.读一读,填入合适的数词 1.two,three,_________,five 2.five,six,_________,eight 3.one+two=____________ 4.eight+_______=ten 5.nine+one=__________

6.twelve-seven=___________ 2.用所给词的适当形式填空

1.Amy has two big ______________(eye).

2.There are four____________(book)on the table. 3.Is there _____________(some)milk in the glass?

4.--How many _____________(kite)? One ________(kite). 5.--How much is it? --It’s ten __________(yuan). 3.按要求完成下列句子

1.Seven chicks.(对划线部分提问)_________________________________________ 2.There is a star.(对划线部分提问)_______________________________________ 3.These pears are five yuan.(对划线部分提问)____________________________ 六.动词 1.实义动词

有实际意义的动词叫做实义动词。

看_____________ 看...__________ 看见_______________ 打扫,擦_______ 打开___________ 关上_______________ 有_____________ 跑_____________ 唱歌_______________

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跳舞___________ 画画___________ 剪,切_____________ 剪下来_________ 涂颜色_________ 弯腰_______________ 2.be动词

___________ __________ ____________

口诀:我用__________, 你用___________,_________用于_____.______,_______ ___________名词用is,复数一律都用___________ 练习:

1.用be动词来填空

1.I have a table. The table _______new.

2.--How much __________the oranges? --Two yuan. 3.--How ________you? --I____fine.

4.This lemon _______sour. These apples ______sweet. 5.It_______hot.Open the door, plese. 6.My hair _______long. My eyes _____big. 7.--Who _______he? --He _____my father. 2.选词填空

1.____________(Look, Look at) the kite.

2.___________(Look, Look at)!The lion’s kite is high.

3.___________(It’s, Its)ears are small._________(It’s, Its)a mouse. 4.This is my father. ______________(She,He)is a doctor. 3.按要求完成下列句子

1.I am tall. I am thin.(两句合为一句)_________________________________ 2.Here are two pears for you.(单数句)_________________________________ 3.Joe is my brother.(对划线部分提问)__________________________________ 4.Are you my mother?(肯定句)__________________________________________ 5.Open the window,please.(否定句)_____________________________________ 6.Please clean the blackboard.(否定句)__________________________________ 七.方位介词

表位方向或位置的词,叫做介词

1.在...里面_______________ 2.在...里面________________ 3.在...上面_______________ 4.在...下面________________ 固定搭配:

1.在雨中_____________________ 2.在水果店_________________________ 3.在桌子上___________________ 4.在天上___________________________ 5.在春天_____________________ 6.在夏天___________________________ 7.在秋天_____________________ 8.在冬天___________________________ 八.特殊疑问词 单词 意思 用法 1 2 3 4 5 what What colour What season who how 什么 什么颜色 什么季节 谁 怎么样 问物体 问颜色 问季节 问人 问情况 专业 知识分享

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6 7 8 How old How many How much 几岁 多少 问年纪 问可数名词数量 ①多少钱 ①问价钱 ②多少 ②问不可数名词数量 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+剩余部分的一般疑问句? 注意:How much(问数量)+不可数名词+剩余部分一般疑问句? How many+可数名词复数+剩余部分的一般疑问? 练习:

1.对划线部分提问

1.It’s a rabbit.________________________________________________________ 2.This pear is two yuan._________________________________________________ 3.Three boys are in the zoo.______________________________________________ 4.I have two apples._____________________________________________________ 5.It is spring.__________________________________________________________ 6.My little brother is one.______________________________________________ 7.She is my friend.______________________________________________________ 8.He is fine.____________________________________________________________ 9.My bag is yellow and blue._____________________________________________ 2.应答配对

( )1.How many chairs? A.Yes,they are. ( )2.Who is the boy? B.They’re 30yuan. ( )3.How much is the toy bird? C.Ten chairs. ( )4.What is it? D.It’s ten yuan. ( )5.Are these dogs? E.It’s a bird. ( )6.How much are the chairs? F.He is my brother. 九.祈使句:

表示命令建议或请求的句子 特点:

①省略了主语you ②以动词原形开头

③为了表示礼貌,可以用please

④否定祈使句:在动词原形前+don’t

画一张画。_________________________________________ 请擦黑板。_________________________________________ _________________________________________ 请不要擦黑板。_____________________________________ _____________________________________ 十.称呼

小姐,女老师____________ 太太,夫人 ____________先生,男老师____________ 注意:开头M大写,称呼+姓

例如:方老师_________________ 王太太______________赵先生_____________ 十一.情景交际

1. 打招呼 你好。______________ _______________ 2. 早上或上午打招呼 早上好。 __________________

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3. 下午打招呼 下午好。 ___________________ 4. 晚上打招呼 晚上好。 ____________________

5. 分开时 再见。 ______________ ________________ 6. 给你两个梨。 Here are two pears for you. 7. 它是给我的。 It’s for me.

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