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5月13日直播讲义(四级选词填空)

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1 更更多英语四六级内容请关注微信服务号“慕课四六级”

四级选词填空(十五选十)真题带练 5月13日直播讲义

中国大学MOOC四六级词汇/阅读老师 林百奇

题型特点:选词填空占总分的5%,全对的话可以拿到35.5分。填对一个空约等于3.5分。 因为每个选项只能选择一次,所以做题的时候可以用排除法, 但是同时,也有做错一道题=做错两道题的风险。 我们在选词填空这个题型上的战略考虑: 1.2.

分数占的比例不高,不建议花太长的时间,一定要控制在10分钟以内。 但是,也不要因为分数不多就完全放弃这个题型,要确保可以拿到的分数

(即使只有50%的正确率,丢掉的17∼18分可以通过提高其他题型的正确率补上。 比如:仔细阅读做对一道题有14分。) 简单的、确实能拿到的分数不能浪费。

3. 因为存在做错一道题=做错两道题的情况,在涂答题卡时也有一些技巧。

如:26 在A/B之间纠结,27也在犹豫A/B(其他题目的情况这里先不考虑),在填答题卡时,可以26、27都可以涂A或者都涂B,至少保证一道题的分数能确实拿到。

(2018年6月第2套)

not as bad as they once were but, according to the American

四Lung Association, Los Angeles is still the worst city in the United States for levels of 26 . Gazing down on the 六Since the 1940s, southern California has had a reputation for smog. Things are

级A) assisted B) collaborating C) consequence D) consumers E) creating F) detail G) domestic H) frequently I) inhabitants J) innovation K) intended L) outdoor M) pollutants N) restricted O) sum

Mountains, one would find the view of the Pacific Ocean blurred by the haze (霾) . Nor is the state's bad air 27 to its south. Fresno, in the central valley, comes top of the list in America for year-round pollution. Residents’ hearts and lungs are affected as a 28 .

All of which, combined with California's reputation as the home of technological 29 , makes the place ideal for developing and testing systems designed to monitor pollution in 30 . And that is just what Aclima, a new firm in San Francisco, has been doing over the past few months. It has been trying out monitoring stations that are 31 to yield minute-to-minute maps of 32 air pollution. Such stations will also be able to keep an eye on what is

慕课city from the Getty Center, an art museum in the Santa Monica

搜索“中国⼤大学MOOC” 选择“四六级”类⽬目可查看英语四六级课程

2 更更多英语四六级内容请关注微信服务号“慕课四六级”

happening inside buildings, including offices. To this end, Aclima has been 33 with Google's Street View system. Davida Herzl, Aclima’s boss, says they have revealed pollution highs on days when San Francisco's transit workers went on strike and the city's 34 were forced to use their cars. Conversely,\"cycle to work” days have done their job by 35 pollution lows.

答案速查:MNCJFKLBIE

第一步:从文章的第一句话开始,一直看到第一个空格处

抓住关键词 smog n.烟雾(记忆方法 smoke 烟 + fog 雾),大致判断出文章说的是有关空气污染的内容。辅助判断的信息还有 American Lung Association,和肺有关的内容,推断出空气污染。 第二步:选项分析

考试时带一支红笔,用在试卷上做笔记、划重点(答题卡上千万不能写)。

A) assisted v. (协助、帮助)+ed

B) collaborating v. (合作)+ing,固定搭配:collaborate with someone C) consequence n. (结果)

D) consumers n. (消费者)+s 名词复数

F) detail n. (细节)

H) frequently adv. (频繁地)

I) inhabitants n. (居民、栖息者)+s 名词复数 J) innovation n. (创新、创造)

K) intended v. (想要),固定搭配:intend to do sth L) outdoor adj. (户外的)

M) pollutants n. (污染物)+s 名词复数

(从pollute v. 污染判断这个单词是和污染相关的) N) restricted v. ()+ed O) sum n. (总计、总和)慕G) domestic adj. (国内的、家庭内部的)

课E) creating v. (创造)+ing

搜索“中国⼤大学MOOC” 选择“四六级”类⽬目可查看英语四六级课程

四六级3 更更多英语四六级内容请关注微信服务号“慕课四六级”

有个别不认识的单词也是正常现象,因为选词填空这个题型考的是对单词的理解,如果不认识的单词太多,做题会有困难。但是,还是可以通过一些细节信息(词尾的形式)推测单词的词性。

第三步:每道题的解题思路

(里面介绍了几种思路,可以选择符合自己思维习惯的,能选出正确答案即可)

26. Things are not as bad as they once were but,....Los Angeles is still the worst city in the United States for levels of 26 . 大致句义:虽然情况没有以前那么糟,洛杉矶在XX(26)的水平方面是美国最差的城市。

根据句子的意思,我们在这里要填入一个名词,“什么的水平”。 语法角度: levels of 26 整个构成一个名词短语。 确定空格里填入名词,再筛选符合句义的名词选项。

第一段整个说的都是洛杉矶污染的状况,所以综合全文的意思,选 M) pollutants 污

(在直播课上,我们是做完了整篇文章,最后才选出26题答案的,因为是第一个空,

这句话是一个倒装句,我们把它调整到正常的语序后,是 the state's bad air is not

语法:空格的单词在这里是 be 27 to sth 结构里,可能要填入一个相当于形容词的单词,可以是形容词 / 动词+ed / 动词+ing的形式。在符合条件的单词里筛选,N) restricted 意思是比较恰当的,意思是“不仅限于南部”,换成 limited 也是可以的。从这句话前后的内容来看,前后都介绍了污染的实际例子。 也可以从固定搭配的角度来选: is not limited / restricted to … 不仅限于

28. Residents’ hearts and lungs are affected as a 28 . 前面内容都是说到了污染的状况,28空前面的内容,说到的是居民的心肺受到了影响,从句子意思推断,是空气污染造成的结果。

慕27 to its south.

课27. Nor is the state's bad air 27 to its south. 搜索“中国⼤大学MOOC” 选择“四六级”类⽬目可查看英语四六级课程

四在不了解文章大意的情况下,选答案可能会有点困难。)

六染物。

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语法角度:as a 28 。这里28空紧接在 a 后面,提示我们28要填入一个单数名词,从选项里没有加s的名词里面筛选,只有 C) consequence 意思是合适的。

记一下这个固定搭配:as a result / consequence 作为结果。

29. 现在来到了文章的第二段,

All of which(说的是上一段的污染状况), combined with California's

reputation as the home of technological 29 , makes the place ideal for developing and testing systems designed to monitor pollution in 30 .

29空前面technological是一个形容词,形容词后面接名词(adj. + n. ),在这里是“科技的XX”,整句话说的是“再加上加利福尼亚作为科技XX大本营/发源地的名声”,找到选项里所有的名词,把词义带进空格里,J) innovation 科技创新的大本营,这个组合起来是符合文章意思的,因为后面还说到makes the place ideal for developing and testing systems designed to monitor pollution in 30 . “让这个地方成为开发和测试系统的理想场所,这个系统是设计用来XX监

语法角度:介词短语in后面要填入相当于名词的一个单词。

是“详细地”,“in sum”意思是“总而言之”,一般用在文章里,后面接的是表示

意思。

And that is just what Aclima, a new firm in San Francisco, has been doing over the past few months. It has been trying out monitoring stations that are 31 to yield minute-to-minute maps of 32 air pollution. Such stations will also be able to keep an eye on what is happening inside buildings, including offices.

31. 语法角度:和27是类似的结构 be to do sth。可能要填入一个相当于形容词的单词,可以是形容词 / 动词+ed / 动词+ing的形式。

搜索“中国⼤大学MOOC” 选择“四六级”类⽬目可查看英语四六级课程

慕总结的话。从句义上来看,填入in detail 表示“详细地、细致地”监控污染符合文章

课固定搭配:能和in搭配的,15个选项中只有F) in detail 和O) in sum,in detail意思

四30. in 30 这个介词短语用来修饰monitor pollution,怎样检测污染?

六控污染的”,我们考虑完成这件事情需要技术支持,再次确定填的是“创新”。

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句义角度:It has been trying out monitoring stations that are 31 to yield minute-to-minute maps… that后面接的句子是用来限定monitoring stations监测站的,什么样的监测站呢?“XX生成实时地图的监测站”,把选项中还没有选中的单词带入文章里,intend的词义是比较合适的,它也可以和to do搭配表示“意图做某事”。选 K) intended

知识点总结:be动词后面有哪几种情况? 1) 主系表结构

I am happy. / I am a student. be 后面可以接名词或形容词。 2)表示被动

She is respected by everyone. be后面是动词加ed的形式 3)表示“正在做某事” I am reading.

And that is just what Aclima, a new firm in San Francisco, has been doing over the past few months. It has been trying out monitoring stations that are 31 to yield minute-to-minute maps of 32 air pollution. Such stations will also be able to keep an eye on what is happening inside buildings, including offices.

32. 前面说的是“生成XX空气污染的实时地图”,解这一道题还需要看到后面一句话,依然是介绍这个监测站, Such stations will also be able to keep an eye on what is happening inside buildings, including offices. 注意这里的also,它也能检测到室内的污染。根据前后句子的意思,32这里要填入outdoor,因为前面一句说到监测站能检测室外的情况,后面一句说的是“也”能检测到室内。重点在“also”这个单词上,对监测站的介绍就完整了。

如果这里填domestic表示家庭内部的污染,后面一句话就多余了,没有另外再加一句话介绍的必要。而且domestic一般不用在指空间上的“内部”。

慕课搜索“中国⼤大学MOOC” 选择“四六级”类⽬目可查看英语四六级课程

四六级be后面接的是动词+ing的形式。

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To this end, Aclima has been 33 with Google's Street View system... 33. 语法角度:注意33空格前面有一个has been,在这篇文章里,已经给了我们关于 has been后面填什么单词的提示。

比如:①And that is just what Aclima, a new firm in San Francisco, has been doing over the past few months.

②It has been trying out monitoring stations that are 31 to yield minute-to-minute maps of 32 …前面这两个句子都用了have been doing的形式。

 这里have/ has been doing sth 的用法叫现在完成进行时,表示一个动作从过去开始,一直持续到现在,比如说I have been learning English for 6 years.  has been 后面也可以接形容词(主系表结构)或者是动词的被动形式,但是这个句子里,说的是为了达到这个目的(to this end),Aclima公司采取的行动,是主动的行为。并且,从

词义角度:33后面有一个with,我们需要找一个能和with搭配的单词。综合以上考虑,B) collaborating 表示合作,和with搭配表示“和…合作”,是符合文章意思

days when San Francisco's transit workers went on strike and the city's

have done their job by 35 pollution lows. 34. transit workers意思是交通运输工人

went on strike, strike意思是罢工,当公共交通工人罢工的时候,city’s 34 were forced to use their cars.城市的XX被迫使用私家车,这里city’s 后面要填入一个名词,而且根据34后面的were判断,这里要填入一个复数名词,只有D) consumers 和 I) inhabitants 两个单词,这里没有说到“消费者”或者和商业有关的内容,只有选 I) inhabitants 。

在不认识I) inhabitants的情况下,我们是通过单词的尾巴s推断,这里可能是一个名词复数。

Conversely, \"cycle to work” days have done their job by 35 pollution lows.

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慕课34 were forced to use their cars. Conversely,\"cycle to work” days

四Davida Herzl, Aclima’s boss, says they have revealed pollution highs on

六的。

级7 更更多英语四六级内容请关注微信服务号“慕课四六级”

35. by后面的内容,表示的是“途径和方法”,“通过XX,骑车去上班日(”cycle to work” days)完成了自己的任务”。35要填入代表途径和方法,相当于名词的一个单词,除了本身是名词的单词之外,动词+ing的形式也可以做名词用(动名词)。 另外一种理解方式:介词by后面接动词时,要加ing。

无论是哪一种理解方式,确定35填入ing形式后,15个选项中,能和pollution lows(污染低值)搭配使用,从词义上可以选 E) creating。

慕搜索“中国⼤大学MOOC” 选择“四六级”类⽬目可查看英语四六级课程

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