2020年高考英语一轮复习课时作业37 Unit 2 Cloning 新人教版选修8(江西专用)

[限时：30分钟]

Ⅰ.单项填空

1．I have no idea ________ the journalist could have got his information from.

A．that B．why C．which D．where

2．One reason for her preference for city life is ________ she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.

A．that B．how C．what D．why

3．Along with the letter was his promise ________ he would visit me this coming Christmas.

A．which B．that C．what D．whether

4．People take naps at noon in warmer climates， ________ the heat makes work difficult in the early afternoon.

A．which B．what C．where D．when

5．[2020·课标全国卷] William found it increasingly difficult to read，

for his eyesight was beginning to ________.

A．disappear B．fall C．fail D．damage

6．As is well known， everyone is forbidden ________ in buses， regardless of what they are.

A．to smoke B．smoking C．to be smoking D．to smoking

7．—Please sit down and I'll cook you some coffee. —________.Let's come to the point first. A．You are welcome B．You needn't do so

C．Please don't bother D．You are indeed too polite

8．Last month， thousands of workers in that city went on ________ strike， demanding lower taxes and ________ end to cutting staff members.

A．a； the B．a； an C．/； an D．/； the

9．After the quarrel， I tried all my best to remove the misunderstanding between us， but all my efforts seemed ________.

A．in vain B．in case C．in time D．in trouble

10．It is ________ great honor for China to develop ________ fastest computer in today's world.

A．a； the B．an； the C．an； an D．a； a

11．They had intended going into the country for the day， but were ________by reports of traffic jams.

A．put away B．put off C．put up D．pay down

12．There are laws in some countries which forbid advertisements ________ at inappropriate times and places.

A．being shown B．shown C．show D．to have shown

13．The way he did it was different ________we were used to. A．in which B．in what C．from what D．from which

14．________ was expected， only five people turned up at the party， ________ disappointed the hostess very much.

A．As； what B．As； which C．It； that D．What； which

15．________ afterwards， the police stopped the car and both men were arrested.

A．Immediately B．Promptly C．Deliberately D．Shortly Ⅱ.阅读理解

People have been acting like people—in other words， they've been making tools， creating ceremonies， and sharing food—for a long time. That's the conclusion of a recent study from South Africa's southern coast.

There， in a cave lying above the sea， researchers from Arizona State University have found evidence that humans were behaving in surprisingly complex ways as early as 164,000 years ago. Our species， Homo sapiens， appeared an estimated 200,000 years ago.

The cave held three important clues about the behavior of these Stone Age people.

First， the researchers found the remains of all kinds of shellfish. The people who lived in the cave probably collected these creatures from rocky

shores and tide pools and brought them to the cave to eat.

The researchers propose the early Africans moved to the South African coast between 195,000 and 130,000 years ago. Around that time， the climate inland turned relatively cold and dry. Therefore， there were fewer plants and animals to eat away from the coast.

When these ancient people moved to the coast， they probably experienced a major cultural shift， the researchers suspect. That's because observations of modern hunter－gatherer societies suggest that men are more likely to hunt for big animals when people live inland. On the coast， women play a more important role in providing food by gathering plants and shellfish.

As for the second clue， the researchers unearthed 57 pieces of reddish pigment(颜料). The researchers think that the cave habitants used the paint for coloring their bodies or for other ceremonies. Symbolic behavior is a clearly human feature.

Finally， the search discovered over 1,800 stone tools， including well－crafted blades(刀片). These blades came in various sizes. The smallest were just less than a half－inch wide. Ancient people may have attached these blades to the end of a stick to make spears or other tools.

16．What is the passage mainly about？ A．Ancient cave behavior. B．New evidence of ancient life. C．The history of human beings. D．Human behavior's development.

17．The early Africans moved to the South African coast with the main purpose of ________.

A．avoiding badly cold and dry weather B．seeking the cultural development

C．seeking enough food to live on D．living a newer and better life

18．According to the passage， the cave habitants________. A．knew how to use colors for decoration B．made a living largely by hunting animals C．only could made tools with rough blades D．could hunt for fish in the sea with ships

19．After the early Africans moved to the coast， what probably happened to their culture？

A．Women's role was as important as men's role in families.

B．They were no longer used to living inlands but living on the coast. C．Men's role was more important than women's role in earning food. D．Women's role was more important than men's role in earning food. 20．The new discoveries in the cave should support the theory that ________.

A．modern human behavior developed smoothly fast from the ancient time B．modern human behavior developed slowly from the ancient time C．South Africa is the birthplace of the earliest human beings in the world

D．modern human behavior is largely the same as ancient human behavior

Ⅲ.阅读表达

阅读下面短文并回答问题，然后将答案写到相应的横线上(请注意问题后的词数要求)。

[1]It's safe， it's simple， and it works： Drinking right amounts of water can really help you lose weight， new research shows.

[2]In what researchers claim is the first－ever trial of the effect of

water consumption on weight loss， scientists from Virginia Tech found that dieters who started each meal with two glasses of water lost nearly five pounds more， on average， than dieters who did not，over the course of 12 weeks. There's no shortage of clear evidence about how water might work to control your appetite (食欲). It ____________ so you don't eat so much； it keeps down your thirst so that you don't turn to calorie－rich sodas or juices. But until now， the researchers say， there has been no true evidence that water's appetite－controlling benefits ever translate into actual weight loss. Now there is. In the 12－week study period， dieters instructed to drink water with every meal lost an average of 15.5 pounds； dieters given no instructions lost， on average， just 11 pounds.

[3]Perhaps the most surprising thing about the finding is how little we still know about healthy water consumption in general. In fact， although doctors and public health authorities regularly remind us to drink more water， very few studies give any insight into what our ideal quantity may be.

[4]The new results today suggest that many people could indeed stand to drink a little more water than they do. But if you're looking to lose weight， be aware that it is actually possible to drink too much water， and you probably won't help matters any by drinking too much water at a time. In extreme cases， it can even be deadly. A couple of glasses with each meal， however， should be no problem at all for a healthy person.

21．What is the main idea of the text？(no more than 8 words) ________________________________________________________________________

22．What might be able to control your appetite？ (no more than 3 words) ____________________________________________________________________

____

23．Fill in the blank in Paragraph 2 with proper words. (no more than 3 words)

________________________________________________________________________

24．Why should we avoid drinking too much water at a time？(no more than 6 words)

________________________________________________________________________

25．What does the word “it” (Line 1， Paragraph 1) probably refer to？(no more than 6 words)

________________________________________________________________________

课时作业(三十七)

Ⅰ.1.D 考查同位语从句。根据语意“我不知道那位记者从哪里得到的信息”可知，此处应用where引导同位语从句，解释idea的具体内容，所以这里选D项。

2．A 考查表语从句。that引导的表语从句，而且不可以省略。

3．B 考查同位语从句。句意：他在信中承诺：在即将到来的圣诞节来看望我。由句子结构可以看出promise后的从句非常完整，不缺少任何句子成分；由题意可知该从句用以说明promise的内容，所以可判断出是一个同位语从句，因为是在陈述一个事实，故引导词要用that。

4．C 考查定语从句。先行词warmer climates在从句中作地点状语(表示抽象的地点)，故用where引导。

5．C 考查动词辨析。句意：威廉发现读书越来越难，因为他的视力正逐渐变弱。disappear“消失”；fall“落下，(数量﹑ 数目)下降”；fail“(指健康)衰退，变弱，消失”；damage毁坏。

6．A 考查forbid的用法。这里考查的是forbid sb. to do sth.的被动语态。句意：众所周知，无论是谁，在公共汽车上都是禁止吸烟的。

7．C 考查交际用语。C项意思为“别费心了，不必要了”，与Let's come to the point(让我们言归正传吧)相吻合。A项 “不用谢”；B、D两项语气太生硬，有失礼貌。

8．C 考查冠词用法。第一空后名词strike与空前介词on构成固定短语go on strike，意为“罢工”，故用零冠词；第二空后名词是可数名词的单数，表泛指，前加不定冠词，故选C。

9．A 考查固定短语辨析。句意：争吵过后，我尽力去消除我们之间的误会，但是我的努力看起来都白费了。in vain “白费地，徒劳无益地”；in case “免得，以防”；in time “及时，迟早”；in trouble “处于困境”。故选A。

10．A 考查冠词用法。honor指的是具体的一件事，所以前面要用不定冠词，第二空修饰的是最高级，所以用定冠词the。句意：中国研发出世界上速度最快的电脑是一个极大的荣誉。

11．B 考查动词短语辨析。put off意为“推迟，取消”。句意：他们本来打算那天到乡下去，但听说交通堵塞就作罢了。put away放好；put up举起，张贴，建造，提供(住宿)；put down放下，写下。

12．A 考查forbid doing sth.的用法。句意：有些国家的法律禁止在不适当的时间和地点播出广告。由于advertisements与动词show之间为被动关系，所以选A。

13．C 考查介词的选择和宾语从句。句意：他做这件事的方式和我们以前所习惯的方式不同。“与……不同”用be different from…结构，what引导的宾语从句，相当于the way that…；which也可以引导宾语从句，但是表示疑问，而此处不表疑问。

14．B 考查非限制性定语从句的关系词。第一空是as引导的非限制性定语从句(可放句首)；第二空是which引导的非限制性定语从句。句意：正如人们所预料的只有5人参加了聚会，这令女主人很失望。

15．D 考查副词辨析。shortly “很快，不久”。句意：过了没有多久，警察拦住了那辆汽车，两个人都被逮捕了。immediately立刻，马上；promptly 敏捷地；deliberately故意地。均不合句意。

Ⅱ.在南非南部海岸一个洞穴里所发现的古代非洲人的行为说明：人类自古以来一直就像人一样地生活，即一直制造工具，创立仪式和分享食物，最后经过漫长的历史发展到今天。

16．A 主旨大意题。文章首先提出：古代人类一直就像人那样地生活，接着指出：在南非南部海岸一个洞穴里发现的古代非洲人的行为线索就说明这一点，之后第三段提出The cave held three important clues about the behavior of these Stone Age people.下文便介绍“The cave habitants' behavior”，由此判断全文的主要内容是：Ancient cave behavior。B项过于抽象，C、D两项与文章内容不符

合。

17．C 细节理解题。根据第五段Around that time, the climate inland turned relatively cold and dry. Therefore, there were fewer plants and animals to eat away from the coast.可知，古代非洲人是因为内陆气候相对寒冷干燥致使能吃的动植物越来越少才不得不南迁至海岸，由此可知，其南迁的主要目的是为了寻找食物求生存。故选C。

18．A 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段The researchers think that the cave habitants used the paint for coloring their bodies or for other ceremonies.可知，洞穴人会用颜料装饰，故选A。非洲人南迁才成了洞穴人，捕猎是他们南迁成为洞穴人之前的生活方式，故排除B；C项错在“only…rough blades”；D项内容在文中未提到。

19．D 细节理解题。根据第六段…men are more likely to hunt for big animals when people live inland. On the coast, women play a more important role in providing food by gathering plants and shellfish.可判断D项正确。

20．B 推理判断题。由第一段可知，在南非南部海岸一个洞穴里发现的古代非洲人的行为线索说明了：人类自古以来一直就像人那样地生活，即一直制造工具，创立仪式和分享食物，最后经过漫长的历史发展到今天，即：现代人的行为是从古代逐渐发展而来的，故选B项。

Ⅲ.本文为说明文，主要说明了喝适量的水有助于减肥。 21. Drinking water can help lose weight.

主旨大意题。由全文的内容及由主题句即第一段“Drinking right amounts of water can really help you lose weight, new research shows.”可知答案。

22．Drinking water.

由第二段第二句“There's no shortage of clear evidence about how water might work to control your appetite (食欲)．”可知有充足的证据可以证明喝水可以控制你的食欲。

23．fills you up

句子填空题。由设空的前句以及后句“… so you don't eat so much …”可推出不用吃太多，是因为水把肚子填饱了。

24．Because it might cause/lead to/result in death.

由最后一段第二、三句“… and you probably won't help matters any by drinking too much water at a time. In extreme cases, it can even be deadly.”可知一次性喝太多水可能会致命。

25．Drinking right amounts of water.

代词指代题。由冒号后的“Drinking right amounts of water”可知答案。