tina词缀
一、词缀
(一)前缀决定词意 Bene-:好 benefit;
否定:a-: amoral; ab-: abnormal; anti-: antipathy; contra-: contradict; de-: decrease; dis-: disagree; in-, im-, il-: illogical; mal-: malnutrition; mis-: misuse; non-: nonsmoking; Com-: 共同的 combine Ex-: 出来exceed Pre-: 前面predict
Post-:后面postmodernism (二) 后缀决定词性 1. 名词
-ant(也可作形容词): assistant, descendant -ee(被。。。之人), -eer: employee, pioneer -ess: hostess, princess
-ist(某类人): novelist, specialist -et, -let: banquet, blanket,booklet -age: courage, shortage
-al(放动词后变为名词):refusal, survival
-ance, -ancy, -ence, -ency: appearance, vacancy, confidence, decency -dom: wisdom
-hood: childhood, neighborhood -ice: avarice, justice
-ion: exaggeration, invitation -ism(主义): heroism, optimism -tude: aptitude, solitude -ment: fulfillment, judgment -ness: consciousness, madness -ry: bravery, luxury
-ship:citizenship, friendship -ty: certainty, loyalty -ure:creature, failure 2. 形容词 -able (可。。。的,能。。。的): desirable, reasonable -ant, -ent: brilliant, obedient
-ary,-ory, -y: customary, elementary, compulsory, bloody -ful(名词后,充满。。。): dreadful, regretful -cal: chemical, political -ish: childish, selfish -ite: favorite, polite
-ive: imaginative, talkative -less(名词后,没有。。。): homeless, aimless -like:businesslike, sportsmanlike -ous: furious, glorious -proof(名词后,防。。。的):fireproof, waterproof -some: troublesome, burdensome 3. 副词后缀
-ward: afterward, homeward -way, -wise: anyway, clockwise 4. 动词后缀
-ate: congratulate, isolate
-en(形容词、名词后):darken, lighten
-fy: classify, satisfy -ish: cherish, publish
-ize, -ise: civilize, organize 二、词根决定词意
Act=行动:enact 指定 transact 处理,交易 Bel=战争: belligerent 好战的rebellion反抗
Cap=1.头capital 大写captain 首领2. =取 capacity 容量capture捕获 Cede,ceed, cess=去,让步: access 接近concede 让步 precede在。。。前recede 后退 Centr=中心: concentrate 集中 eccentric 古怪的 Cide, cise=切:concise 简洁的(切短) suicide
Claim=大叫: declaim 抗辩 proclaim 宣告(面向前方呼叫) Clud=关闭: conclude, disclose揭发 preclude 排除(在前面关闭) Cognis, gnos=知道:cognition 认知 diagnose 诊断recognize Cre=相信: credulous 轻信的creed 信条 Cul=耕种: agriculture, cultivate 耕种,培养 Cur, course=流,跑:excursion 远足(向外跑), incur招致(走入灾祸) Dict, dit=说:dictate 命令 benediction 祝福的祈祷 contradict 反驳
Fact, fect=做: manufacture 制造 facile 容易的 defect 过失 proficient 熟练的 Flect, flex=弯曲: flexible 灵活的reflect 反射
Flu=流动: fluent 流畅的 fluctuate 上下波动affluent 丰富的superfluous 多余的 Found, fund=基础: fund 基金fundamental 基本的profound 深远的
Fuse, found=倾倒: confuse使混乱 diffuse散布infuse注入 profuse 大量的futile无用的refute 反驳
Gener, gen, gent=生产,种族,基因: generate 产生congenial 性格相同的genuine 真正的(天生未经琢磨) Here, hes=粘着: adhere to 坚持 inherent 与生俱来的 Jud=判断: judicial司法的 prejudice 偏见
Man, manu=手: manifest 表明(用手敲打) manipulate 操控(用手拉) emancipate 解放(使被绑的手松开) Merge, mers=沉: emerge 出现(从沉没状态出来) immerse 陷入 Neg=否定: neglect 忽视 negotiate 谈判
Part=部分,分开:participate 参加depart 离开 impart 传授proportion 比例
Passi, pati, path=承受,感觉: passionate 热情的compatible 相容的pathetic 悲壮的antipathy反感sympathy 同情 Pel, puls=驾驶: compel强迫 dispel 驱散 expel 驱逐 impulse 冲动 propel 促进 appeal 吸引
Plen, plete, ple, pli, ply=充满:ample富足的 complement 补充 comply同意 compliment 称赞(满足对方)implement 实施 accomplish 完成
Pos=放置: compose 作曲,写作(放在一起)dispose 陈列(分开放置) expose 暴露 impose 强加(放在上面)oppose 反对 propose 提议
Quire, quisit, quest=追求: acquire获得exquisite 精美的inquire 询问 Scribe, script=写:ascribe...to..归因于 inscribe 题记prescribe 开药方
Spec, spect=看:spectacular 壮观的 speculate 推测(用心眼来看) scope 范围 conspicuous 显著地 despise 鄙视(向下看) inspect 检查 prospect 前景 introspect 内省 retrospect 回顾 Sper=希望:desperate 绝望的 prosperity 繁荣
Us, uti=使用:usurp 篡夺(拿来自己用)utile 有用的
Vac, van, void =空的: vacant 空缺的 evacuate 撤退 vanity 虚荣 vanish 消失 devoid 缺乏的 Vade=行走:evade 逃避 invade 侵略 pervade 遍布wade 跋涉waddle 蹒跚
Vict, vinc=征服:vanquish 征服 invincible 不可征服的 conviction 信念 convict 证明有罪
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