模板整理(2011秋季beta3)

1. 一个人（第三人称）

a person / an individual / one 2. 万能结尾雏形

In view of the seriousness of this issue, appropriate measures must be taken before things get worse and extensive efforts should be made to protect … from the harmful influence of … 3. A对B很重要。

The importance / significance of A to B can hardly be ignored / exaggerated. A counts / matters to B. 4. think

believe / claim / argue / maintain / deem

point out that / hold the view that / be of the opinion that / be convinced that 5. A对B有很大影响

exert / produce / wield / exercise a great (great还可以进一步替代) influence on 6. good

beneficial / desirable / desired positive / favorable / satisfactory

appropriate / reliable / efficient / practical / proper / effective / 7. bad

awful / harmful / negative / poor /

unpleasant / disturbing / unfavorable / undesirable / unwelcome / detrimental 8. important

necessary / essential / crucial / significant / critical / vital / indispensable fundamental / basic / primary / elementary / rudimentary / integral 9. great

significant / giant / titanic / large / huge / enormous / considerable / unprecedented / extensive / profound / remarkable / notable / distinguished dramatic / sharp

对立观点型

10. 主体指代词 this issue this phenomenon 11. 陈述法开篇 11.1 双重否定

There is no denying the fact that …

It is a not-uncommon social phenomenon that … Nobody could have failed to notice the fact that… No one can deny the fact that … 11.2 众所周知

It is a truth universally acknowledged that … 11.3 根据报道

According to the official report, …

According to a recent survey conducted by a certain news agency, … 12. 越来越多 12.1 more and more

a growing / an increasing number of a growing / an increasing amount of 12.2 越来越流行

gain increasing popularity become a prevalent trend become a social focus become a hotly debated topic 13. 引出下文

People’s opinions differ sharply on / toward the issue.

When it comes to this issue , opinions vary from person to person. With the passage of time, various voices arise over it.

There has been much controversy over this issue (in the past years / in China), with each party owning convincing evidences.

Such issue has evoked wide concern, triggering off various voices among the general public. 14. 正方观点

Some hold the positive view. They point out that … An army of folks deem that Proponents claim that 15. 反方观点

However, others do not agree. They argue that …

Others, however, hold a completely different opinion in this regard. They maintain that … Opponents, however, are convinced that … 16. but however

nonetheless / nevertheless / notwithstanding 17. 列举 17.1 两个

On the one hand, … On the other hand, … For one thing, … For another, … 17.2 三个

To begin / start with, … In addition / Additionally, … Furthermore / Moreover, … 18. 常用理由 18.1 提高学习成绩

improve / enhance the academic performance 18.2 学习知识

acquire / enlarge the knowledge 18.3 积累经验

accumulate experiences 18.4 开拓视野

broaden / enlarge the horizon

19. 个人-社会衔接

Furthermore, side by side with the encouragement for people who work in the university comes equally significant social effect. 20. lead to

bring about / trigger off / give rise to / evoke / induce / stimulate / engender / invite be responsible for sth. (to sb.) 21. 促进 promote

contribute to the progress / growth of … make progress in/ improve / enhance 22. 因果分析法 22.1 because for / as / since

in that / due to / in view of

for the reason that / considering that / believing that / arguing that To be more specific / Specifically / After all 22.2 so

therefore / hence / thus / consequently / accordingly (adv.) as a result / as a consequence 22.3 公式

__原因__ , [because] + __why__ . [Therefore], + _so_. __原因__ , [because] + __why__ , and [therefore], + _so_. 23. 让

Be encouraged to do (+) Be inspired to do

(+)

Be simulated to do (±) Be driven to do

(±)

Be motivated to do (±) Be forced into doing

(-)

Be reduced to doing (-)

24. 过犹不及 24.1 过量的

excessive / immoderate / uncontrolled / unrestrained / unrestricted 24.2 段落

(Key word) would seem to …优点…, excessive …(key word)…will meet with little success in that …不好的例子… instead of …好的例子…. Therefore, given the undesirable effect of the immoderate …(key word)…, extreme cautions should be exercised. 25. 结尾 25.1 立场明确

Weighing the arguments of both sides, I am inclined to agree with the former. Weighing the pros and cons, I am inclined to agree that … 25.2 搅混水

Admittedly, (key word) should be viewed as a two-edged sword, which presents us with both benefits and troubles. But we should not give up eating for fear of choking. At the same time, the best policy is to maximize their advantages and minimize their undesirable influence.

At the same time, proper measures must be taken to prevent the harmful effect, and appropriate efforts should be made to enhance the public awareness of proper use of university ranking. 25.3 展望

Only through such attempt can university ranking benefit us in a better way.

解决问题型

26. 基本作用法

(key word) is used as a essential means of …Though the advantages that (key word) enjoys are considerable / numerous / undeniable, we should not ignore / forget that … 27. 伴随法

Due to the development of modern society, … 28. 引出下文 28.1 原因如下

Among countless factors which directly or indirectly engender this phenomenon, there are several conspicuous factors as follows.

To account for this issue, I have come up with various causes as demonstrated below. 28.2 影响如下

Among countless undesirable influences (drawbacks) which are directly or indirectly engendered by this phenomenon, there are several conspicuous influences (drawbacks) as follows. To account for this issue, I have come up with various influences as demonstrated / revealed below. 29. 优缺点 29.1 优点

Advantage / Benefit / Virtue / Merit / Strong point 29.2 缺点

Disadvantage / Shortcoming / Drawback / Demerit / Weak point 30. A是B的原因

A is the primary cause of B. A account for B. A contribute to B. A is responsible for B. A is blamed for B. B is attributed to A. 31. 结尾

In view of the seriousness of this issue, appropriate measures must be taken before things get worse and extensive efforts should be made by us. 32. 提高意识

We can launch a publicizing campaign to enhance the public’s awareness of … We can launch a publicizing campaign to emphasize the indispensable role of … 33. 法律法规

It is essential for government that laws and regulations (should) be worked out and enforced to … 34. 展望

Only through these attempts can we hope to solve the problem.

With these measures taken, it is reasonable for us to believe that the problem will be solved in the near future.

图表图画型

35. 图表 35.1 图

picture graph chart figure diagram 35.2 表 table chart 35.3 漫画

cartoon caricature drawing 36. 如图所示

It is indicated / illustrated / pointed out / represented / described that … It is represented / described that … As can be seen from the graph, … As illustrated by the graph, … 37. 经历 v.

experience / undergo (underwent) 38. 上升下降 38.1 上升 v.

increase / rise / grow / expand climb（缓慢）

soar / jump / rocket（快速） 38.2 上升 n.

Increase / rise / growth / expansion climb 38.3 下降 v.

Decrease / diminish / fall / drop / decline / reduce dive（快速）

38.4 下降 n.

decrease / diminishment / fall / drop / decline / reduction 38.5 大幅度上升

a dramatic / marked / remarkable / considerable / significant / giant / sharp / steep increase 38.6 小幅度上升

a slow / slight / gradual / steady / modest / minor increase 39. 好的变化分析原因 39.1 改革开放好

It is due to the policy of reform and opening-up, in that the nation’s economy has been developing at a considerably high speed in the past decades, and therefore, the people have more extra money for improving their health. 39.2相关政策好

It is the relevant state policies that contribute to this phenomenon. To be more specific, the boom of medical industry provides citizens with more opportunities to choose better health care, and as a consequence, modern people are eager to improve their quality of life. 40. 结尾

40.1 好的变化结尾

In view of the perfect index of China’s fast expanding and people’s rising standard of living which is implied in the graph, it is reasonable for us to expect a more harmonious society in the near future.

In a word, this chart is a perfect index of China’s fast expanding economy and people’s rising standard of living. 40.2 不好的变化结尾

Although a series of problems have arisen in the process, it is reasonable for us to believe that, with these measures taken by both the government and the public, the problem will be solved in the near future. 41. 占（百分之多少） Take up / account for 42. 由……组成

Consist of / be composed of / be made up of

应用文

43. 格式

June 28, 2011

Dear Xiao Wang,

…

Best wishes / regards.

Yours truly / sincerely,

Zhang Ying

Zhang Ying

44. 开头称呼

校长 Dear Mr. / Ms. President, 主席 Dear Mr. / Ms. Chairperson, 未知 Dear sir or madam, 敬启者 To whom it may concern, 45. 大学四个年级的学生 freshman 大一学生 sophomore 大二学生 junior 大三学生 senior 大四学生 46. 投诉信结尾

I sincerely hope this letter can draw your attention to the matter and I hope the problems mentioned above can be solved as soon as possible. 47. 求职信结尾

I would treasure the chance and exert every effort to do a good job if I had the luck to be provided with the position. Besides, I shall be much obliged if you will afford me an opportunity for an interview, and I appreciate a response from you at your earliest convenience. Thank you for considering this application.