雅思(听力)历年真题试卷汇编17(题后含答案及解析)

雅思（听力）历年真题试卷汇编17 (题后含答案及解析)

题型有：1.

听力原文：OPERATOR: Hello, you have reached the complaints department. How can I help you? JACK: Yes, hello there. I am phoning to make a complaint regarding a flight that I took with you recently. OPERATOR: OK. There are some details I will need to take from you first. May I have your name please? JACK: Jack Dawson. That’s D-A-W-S-O-N.OPERATOR: And your address?JACK: It’s 33 Hillcrest Road. That’s H-I-double-L-C-R-E-S-T.OPERATOR: 33 Hillcrest Road. Is that in Exeter? JACK: Yes.OPERATOR: And what is the postcode of the residence? JACK: It’s AL698GQ.OPERATOR: Thank you. Do you have a telephone number? JACK: Yes. The number at my office is 7688.OPERATOR: That’s good, and may I just take a home phone number for you in case of emergencies? JACK: No problem. It’s 798662.OPERATOR: Are they both local numbers? JACK: Yes.OPERATOR: OK great, thank you for your patience. Now what is the nature of your complaint?JACK: I’m phoning to complain about a flight I took recently. I always take certain measures to ensure that I will be comfortable. For example, I always pay the additional cost for extra legroom and I always arrive punctually for the flight to make sure that I am seated beneath an air conditioner. Unfortunately I was disappointed to find that the air conditioning on the plane was broken, so I spent the entire flight in discomfort as it was too hot and the air was stuffy’.OPERATOR: I see. I do apologise for this fault with the air conditioning. Now while I have you on the phone, would you mind answering a short questionnaire regarding your recent flight?JACK: Sure.OPERATOR: OK, let’s get started. What did you think of the food that was served to you during the flight?JACK: I thought that it was inexpensive and quite delicious. However I was still very hungry afterwards as it was a very small portion and more of a snack. Providing a snack for lunch is not reasonable.OPERATOR: OK, I have noted that down. What was your opinion of the quality of service that you received from our staff on-board?JACK: The staff were very helpful, but each time I pressed the button to request service it took a long time for a staff member to arrive. I found this frustrating as there just weren’t enough staff on-board the flight to be able to serve all of the customers.OPERATOR: OK, that’s great. Thank you very much for answering those questions. Are there any other parts of your travel experience that you would like to comment on?JACK: Yep. The process of moving through security was very quick and helped to make my travel experience stress-free.OPERATOR: Okay. Do you have any extra comments on the services you received during the flight?JACK: Yes, I thought that the seats were very uncomfortable and looked very old. They were also in need of repair as the reclined feature on my chair was broken so I could not go to sleep for the whole flight. Luckily the entertainment facilities were very good so I was able to distract myself by watching movies.OPERATOR: Thank you so much for taking the time to answer all of my questions, we would like

to offer you some gifts as a goodwill gesture, with a 20% discount on the cost of your hotel stay. We also appreciate that international calls to your home country can be expensive and we are sure that you would like to keep your family updated on your travels, so please accept a phone card, which has a credit of ￡20.JACK: Oh that’s really great. Thank you so much for the gifts!OPERATOR: No problem, we look forward to having you travel with us again soon! Have a fantastic vacation.JACK: Thanks! Bye!

Complete the notes below.Write ONE WORD AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.COMPLANT TO THE AIRPORTExample AnswerName: Jack DawsonAddress: 【L1】______ Road, ExeterPostcode: 【L2】______Telephone: work: 【L3】______home: 798662

1． 【L1】

正确答案：33 Hillcrest

解析：本题简单，听清数字，跟上录音中的字母拼写即可。

2． 【L2】

正确答案：AL698GQ

解析：本题考查数字和字母的听辨能力，跟上录音的节奏填写即可。

3． 【L3】

正确答案：7688

解析：本题简单，根据录音，将所报数字逐一记下即可。

Choose the correct letter, A, B or C.

4． What aspect of the flight does the man complain about? A．punctuality B．legroom C．temperature

正确答案：C 解析：根据“so I spent the entire flight in discomfort as it was too hot and the air was stuffy”可知，乘客抱怨机舱内太热，因此本题选C。

5． What does the man think about the food served during the flight? A．It is not enough to eat. B．It is expensive. C．It has a bad taste.

正确答案：A

解析：本题比较好定位，由“I was still very hungry afterwards as it was a very small portionand more of a snack”可知，乘客嫌提供的食物分量太少，因此选A。

6． What does the man think of the service of the staff? A．satisfied B．long wait C．bad attitude

正确答案：B

解析：本题根据定位词定位至“The staff were very helpful，but each time I pressed the buttonto request service it took a long time for a staff member to arrive to arrive．”由此可知，需要服务时要等较长的时间staff才会来，故本题选B。

Complete the sentences below.Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.

7． The man felt satisfied with______because it was quick.

正确答案：security

解析：本题定位至“The process of moving through security was very quick and helped to makemy travel experience stress-free”，然后抓取核心名词security作为本题答案。

8． During the flight,______facilities helped him distract from other poor quality of the service.

正确答案：entertainment

解析：本题定位至出题句“Luckily the entertainment facilities were very good so I was able todistract myself by watching movies”，很容易得出答案entertainment。

9． As a gift, a 20% discount on the______fees will be offered.

正确答案：hotel 解析：根据“we would like to offer you some gifts as a goodwill gesture，with a 20％ discount onthe cost of your hotel stay”便知，在酒店住宿上享有20％的折扣，故本题填hotel。

10． The flight company also offers the man a______worth ￡20.

正确答案：phone card

解析：￡20比较好定位，原句为“…so please accept a phone card，which has

a credit of ￡20”，因此此处填phone card。

听力原文：PRESENTER: Good morning, listeners! And welcome back to Star Radio! Today on the show we have a visitor from Yazoo Car Rental who is going to give us an insight into his company and into the public transport system! Welcome Jonathan!JONATHAN: Thank you for having me. Yes, I would like to start by introducing my company Yazoo Car Rental. We are the cheapest and most reliable rental company in the city and have won multiple awards for the quality of our services. This success did not come easily, however, and it proved important that we stay fresh and are always thinking of ways to attract new customers. Our first attempt to do this was to offer a free gift with every car rental, which we were confident the customers would be very interested in. The offer of a free hoover with each rental, however, did not attract any new customers so we quite quickly stopped offering it.In 2002, a new taxi company opened next door to us and we started losing a lot of business to them, so we introduced an offer that we hoped might compete with their service. We offered a new package where you could rent a car with a driver for a small extra fee. By introducing this offer, we found that all of our customers preferred to drive the cars themselves, so again this offer was unsuccessful in attracting more customers.Learning from these mistakes, we decided to offer a package service where the customer no longer had to come to our offices to pick up the rental car. Instead we could drop off and pick up the car anywhere in the city to make the customer’s experience a lot more stress free. This offer was very popular and increased our profits by 30%.In order to attract a younger demographic, we updated the models of cars that we offered for rental. We began offering more trendy cars such as minis and smart cars that we thought might appeal to the younger crowd and we also purchased them in more fun colours like reds and greens. This offer attracted some new customers of a younger age group, however not as many as we hoped.Next I decided to offer our services at a discounted price on our website where it could be seen by thousands of people. I thought that this could be a great way to attract a number of new customers who would never have heard of us before and it worked fantastically well. Following the success of the discount offer, we had so many customers that it became necessary to open a new branch of the company in the centre of the city. The cost of renting offices in the city centre was very high, so we hoped that our profits would justify this expensive decision. We made enough profit to keep our city centre offices open, but we had hoped for a greater increase in customer numbers.JONATHAN: Now for the second part of my talk, which is on the topic of public transport. There are many benefits to public transport, for example, the recent introduction of bus lanes has meant that buses are now unaffected by traffic jams and are able to stay on schedule. Unfortunately, as fewer and fewer people are taking the bus nowadays, the service has become quite inefficient. This reduction in passengers may be due to the stories in the newspaper about the dangers posed to pedestrian safety by the buses, however this is largely untrue as buses are responsible for far less pedestrian-related accidents than cars. I use the bus service often, as car petrol is so expensive nowadays that the bus is far more affordable. However, if I am in a rush I

prefer to take a taxi as they tend to get you to your destination very quickly so you can remain punctual for your appointments. I also very much enjoy flying to my destinations, as the service is incredibly fast and the airports are always very easy to find. Personally, my favourite mode of transportation is the bus. Due to the lack of people using the service I have found that the buses are never overcrowded so there is always a seat available. They are also never dirty as they get cleaned regularly. However, I have found that sometimes the bus can be over a half hour behind schedule which can be very frustrating. There has been a lot of fluctuation in the price of bus tickets in the last couple of years. In the past, ￡1.80 for a ticket was enough to sustain the bus companies, however, as the price of fuel increased so did the ticket prices. Now the ticket prices are declining as the bus companies try to encourage more people to use their service again.Well, that’s all from me today. Thank you for listening.

What is customers’ attitude towards the following services?Write the correct letter, A, B or C, next to questions 11-16.A They are very interested. B They might be less interested. C They are not interested.

11． a free gift

正确答案：C

解析：本题出题句为“The offer of a free hoover with each rental，however，did not attract anynew customers so we quite quickly stopped offering it．(然而，租车免费赠送吸尘器并没有吸引到新的顾客，因此我们很快就取消了这个活动)”，因此对应选项C。

12． a driver for an extra fee

正确答案：C

解析：根据“We offered a new package where you could rent a car with a driver for a smallextra fee．By introducing this offer，we found that all of our customers preferred to drive the carsthemselves…”可知，a driver for a small extra fee也不受欢迎，因此对应选项C。

13． a package service

正确答案：A

解析：根据“…we decided to offer a package service…”以及“This offer was very popular andincreased our profits by 30％”可知package service广受欢迎，因此对应选项A。

14． updated car models

正确答案：B

解析：通过听录音定位，可知人们对updated car models的态度是“This offer attracted somenew customers of a younger age group，however not as many as we hoped．”即吸引了一些新顾客，但并没有期望的那么多，因此对应选项B。

15． a discount

正确答案：A 解析：本题出题句为“I thought that this could be a great way to attract a number of newcustomers who would never have heard of us before and it worked fantastically well．”从中可知worked fantastically well(效果非常好)，因此对应选项A。

16． a new branch company

正确答案：B

解析：关于branch company，录音中提到“we made enough profit to keep our city centreoffices open，but we had hoped for a greater increase in customer numbers。”从中可知，虽然获得了足够多的利润，但还是希望会有更多的顾客，因此对应选项B。

Choose the correct letter, A, B or C.

17． What is the problem of the public transport? A．Traffic jams B．Pedestrian safety C．Low efficiency

正确答案：C

解析：谈及公共交通，原文说“Unfortunately,as fewer and fewer people are taking the busnowadays，the service has become quite inefficient．”其中inefficient是Low efficiency的同义替换，故本题选C。

18． According to the speaker, what is true about the transportation? A．Buses are easy to find. B．Taxis are punctual.

C．Airplanes are unaffordable.

正确答案：B 解析：本题题干中没有可用于定位的词，那么只能利用选项中的关键词来定位。出题句为“However,if I am in a rush I prefer to take a taxi as they tend to get you to your destination veryquickly so you can remain punctual for your appointments．(然而，如果时间紧张，我会选择出租车，因为出租车可以很快地把我送达目的地，从而准时赴约)”，故本题选B。

19． According to the speaker, what is true about the bus?

A．Passengers occasionally spend more than half an hour waiting for it. B．It is sometimes overcrowded. C．It is often dirty.

正确答案：A

解析：根据“I have found that sometimes the bus can be over a half hour behind schedule whichcan be very frustrating”可知，公交车有时候会迟来半个多小时，选项A的意思与此相符，故选A。

20． What is the existing situation about the price of bus tickets? A．It is fluctuating severely. B．It is declining.

C．It needs to be increased.

正确答案：B 解析：本题定位至“Now the ticket prices are declining as the bus companies try to encouragemore people to use their service again．”从中可知票价下调了，因此选B。

听力原文：ALEXANDRA: Excuse me, Dr Thompson. May I speak to you for a minute?MR THOMPSON: Of course. Please come in.ALEXANDRA: I’m Alexandra Jones. I’m studying Business here at the university and for my assignment I have to carry out a survey of people who own their own organisations. I heard that you are the founder of your own company, and I was wondering if I could ask you some questions about it.MR THOMPSON: Yes, of course, please fire away.ALEXANDRA: OK great, we’ll get started! Did you encounter any problems whilst you were starting your company?MR THOMPSON: Actually it was not as hard as I anticipated. I started out with very clear objectives, so I knew exactly what I wanted my corporate identity to be. It was very difficult to find the correct premises as the property market in London is so competitive, but eventually I found the perfect site. The hardest part was structuring the business, as I had no formal template so I had to create it myself.ALEXANDRA: Yes, that is very impressive. Was it difficult dealing with staff?MR THOMPSON: It’s always tricky trying to satisfy a group of people with varying interests, however, I didn’t encounter many problems. I found it very important to make the staff feel appreciated, so I hosted a staff day where we could all introduce ourselves and get to know each other as individuals. I was also able to talk to them about the type of work that they would be doing and gave them the opportunity to share with me the issues they had with the allocation of the work.ALEXANDRA: OK. Did you hire a management team or did you take on the role of the manager?MR THOMPSON: Oh no, I already had enough tasks to take care of. I employed someone else to take on the role of the manager, however, he never consulted me before making decisions so I was forced to let him go and hire someone else.ALEXANDRA: And what did the other staff think of the new manager?MR

THOMPSON: They had a great deal of respect for him. It definitely helped that I consulted with them before hiring him. They were surprised that he has been so successful in his role at the company, despite the longer meeting hours.ALEXANDRA: Since the company opened, has it had any great achievements?MR THOMSON: There are many aspects of the company that I am pleased with, however, there is one achievement of which I am particularly proud. I wanted a mural painted to brighten up our entrance area, so I decided it would be a great idea to invite the local primary school to create one for us. The youngsters had a great time and I know they were thrilled to be included.ALEXANDRA: Oh, that’s lovely.ALEXANDR: Have you encountered any major problems since you opened the company?MR THOMPSON: Yes, we are always encountering issues with employment because it is very hard to find people who are qualified for the roles that we were offering, but unfortunately there is no solution to this. One of our administrators also recently left to go on maternity leave, which put us in a tricky situation, however, we have managed to find a temporary replacement for her. It’s also now approaching the period when we must carry out our financial training so I need to find a venue with enough space to hold everyone. It will be interesting trying to organise that event!ALEXANDRA: Oh gosh, I can imagine. I find it hard enough to organize myself!MR THOMPSON: Organisation is a difficult thing to master, but it is also essential for success! Whilst I was learning how to stay organised, I realised that the role of motivation is essential.ALEXANDRA: OK, that’s great!MR THOMPSON: I also suggest that you visit the library, as there is a section on culture that will have some very valuable material on how to develop your organisation skills.ALEXANDRA: OK, I’ll head to the library when we’re finished.MR THOMPSON: I think you will find it very useful. They also have a collection of documentaries on the subject of personal organisation and I suggest that you look up the literature on management of change. I personally found these sources incredibly useful. Articles are also a valuable resource and we have a whole collection of them in our university library. I advise that you look at Section 2 where you will find articles on the nature of volunteering.ALEXANDRA: That’s great, thank you so much for your help.MR THOMPSON: No problem.

Choose the correct letter, A, B or C.

21． What was the most difficult problem when the company was founded? A．No clear objectives B．No formal structures C．No perfect premises

正确答案：B

解析：出题句为“The hardest part was structuring the business，as I had no formal template so Ihad to create it myself”，其中hardest part为定位词most difficult的同义替换，因此本题选B。

22． What is the staff unsatisfied with? A．The type of work B．The work assignment

C．The feeling of appreciation

正确答案：B 解析：原文为“…gave them the opportunity to share with me the issues they had with theallocation of the work．”从中可看出不满意的是allocation of the work(工作分配)，故本题选B。

23． What was the problem of the manager? A．He had a lot of tasks to do.

B．He employed too many people and let them go then. C．He always made decisions by himself.

正确答案：C

解析：根据“I employed someone else to take on the role of the manager,however,he neverconsulted me before making decisions…”可知manager的问题是在做决定前不跟他商量，故本题选C。

24． What does the staff think of the new manager of the company? A．They are delighted to see that the meeting time is shorter. B．They feel annoyed toward him.

C．They are amazed that he has done it well.

正确答案：C 解析：大家认为新的经理很成功，原文表述为“They were surprised that he has been sosuccessful in his role at the company,despite the longer meeting hours．”故本题选C。

25． What achievement has the organisation made already? A．Children were involved in painting the entrance area. B．There was no particular achievement. C．It built a local primary school.

正确答案：A

解析：录音中说想要一个mural(壁画)painted to brighten up our entrance area，所以请来local primary school的孩子们来画，最后得到的结果是“The youngsters had a great time and I knowthey were thrilled to be included．”故本题选A。

Complete the summary below.Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.Major Problems of a CompanySince the company opened, there have been many problems with employment, but there is no 【L26】______.He needs to find a venue for financial training. It is very hard to run an organisation and the

【L27】______is of great importance to staying organised. To enhance the organisation skills, there is a section on 【L28】______in the library where some valuable books can be found. In addition, the library contains some useful resources, such as a collection of documentaries on personal organisation, the literature on 【L29】______, and the articles on the 【L30】______

26． 【L26】

正确答案：solution

解析：定位至出题句“…we are always encountering issues with employment because it is veryhard to find people who are qualified for the roles that we were offering，but unfortunately there is nosolution to this．”从中可知对于employment中遇到的问题并没有解决办法，因此填solution。

27． 【L27】

正确答案：role of motivation

解析：根据定位词定位至“Whilst I was learning how to stay organised．I realised that therole of motivation is essential．”其中“essential”意为“至关重要的”，正好对应题目中的greatimportance，故此处填role of motivation。

28． 【L28】

正确答案：culture

解析：根据定位词定位至“I also suggest that you visit the library,as there is a section on culturethat will have some very valuable material on how to develop your organisation skills．(我还建议你去图书馆，那里有一个关于文化的专区，可以找到一些关于锻炼组织能力的有价值的资料)”，从中可知此处填culture。

29． 【L29】

正确答案：management of change

解析：定位到“…look up the literature on management of change”，直接得出答案managementof change。

30． 【L30】

正确答案：nature of volunteering

解析：定位到“…where you will find articles on the nature of volunteering”，便知此处需填nature of volunteering。

听力原文：Welcome class to your very first lecture in this series on Architecture conducted by myself, Dr Torben Dahl. Today we will be looking into the relationship

between climate and architecture, where I will be giving you a critical overview of the main climate influences that shape the design of buildings. Throughout this lecture series we will be looking at the latest research into climatic design carried out by experts in the field in addition to case studies and examples drawn from modernist practice both in cities and rural areas.Now, acid rain is one of the climatic elements with the most devastating effects on our architecture.The chemicals in acid rain can cause paint to peel, corrosion of steel structures such as bridges, and erosion of stone statues. Since the 1970s, our government has been making great effort to reduce the release of these chemicals into the atmosphere with positive results. Private organisations have also been raising awareness and funds and recently received a huge donation from the bank. It is interesting to look at the studies that have been carried out into the effects of acid rain at varying altitudes. Research has shown that there are lower levels of acid in the damaging pollutants at higher altitudes, meaning that skyscrapers are much less vulnerable to the negative effects as they are exposed to acid rain with far lower levels of damaging pollutants.Recently, the Alter Project was founded to carry out further research into acid rain. This project is directed towards studying the effects of acid rain on old, traditional buildings of stone construction that are vulnerable to damage caused by acid rain. Masonry is particularly vulnerable as it is easily corroded and weakened by the acidic chemicals. It is imperative that we protect these buildings, as they are valuable examples of our history and culture.Pollution is one of the main sources of concern in the present day. The construction industry contributes considerably as a source of pollution in its day-to-day processes of creating building materials such as concrete and glass, however, more new sustainable methods are being developed to counter this. A recent case study for this is Sky Tower, whose windows have been made from recycled glass to prevent pollution from the glass-making process.Water is the most problematic element to be considered in construction. It is imperative that construction elements such as the insulation are fitted into the building in dry weather to prevent it from getting wet. This makes winter an undesirable season for construction as the heavy rainfall can have adverse effects on the building. Another climate type that has an enormous affect on buildings is humidity. Constructions made of steel and stone are largely unaffected by humidity, however, it can have a serious effect on wooden constructions if the timber has not been correctly treated. Moisture from the air can condense in the grain of the wood, which then swells and shrinks in proportion to the magnitude of change in its moisture content. This variation in size can have disastrous consequences.In areas of the world that are prone to earthquakes, certain design and environmental conditions are preferable for protecting buildings in the event of a tremor. Engineers have come up with numerous building procedures to help minimise shaking in buildings. For example, tall buildings have height restrictions and counterweights and multi-storey buildings have reinforced floors and walls. Ground conditions are a cause for worry in many constructions as often the soil is of the wrong density to protect the foundations.Luckily technology has now been developed that can help to minimise damage by earthquakes. Seismic sensors can give prior warning when an earthquake is about to happen so that preparations can be made to

protect both the people and the buildings from harm. The movement of building structures can now also be measured and monitored over time by architects. It has been expressed by architects within the design community that it would be valuable to be given special courses for designing buildings within earthquake zones. Guidelines are also expected to be produced by the government in the near future that will give architects a universal checklist to follow.That wraps up the lecture for today. Please remember that attendance is mandatory... [fade out]

Complete the notes below.Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.CLIMATE AND ARCHITECTURE Cases and examples are from practice conducted in 【L31】______as well as rural areas.Acid rain The chemicals have devastating effects on the architecture. The government try to reduce the negative effects. Funds have been received from a 【L32】______ 【L33】______ experience lower levels of acid in damaging pollutants. In recent years, Alter Project focuses on the buildings made of 【L34】______Pollution One of the main sources of pollution is from the construction industry. 【L35】______ is used to reduce pollution in Sky Tower. Construction is affected by the increased 【L36】______ in winter. Humidity affects the 【L37】______ buildings whose grain can be condensed by moisture from the air.Building & Technology Ground conditions can be a problem when the density of the 【L38】______ is wrong. Architects can now monitor the 【L39】______ of buildings. The government should make 【L40】______ for the architects.

31． 【L31】

正确答案：cities

解析：出题句为“Throughout this lecture series we will be looking at the latest research intoclimatic design carried out by experts in the field in addition to case studies and examples drawn frommodernist practice both in cities and rural areas．”其中，“climatic design”意为“气候设计”，案例是从cities and rural areas的实践中获得的，因此此处填cities。

32． 【L32】

正确答案：bank 解析：本题比较好定位，原文为“…funds and recently received a huge donation from thebank”，因此答案为bank。

33． 【L33】

正确答案：Skyscrapers

解析：从录音中可知，所处位置越高受到酸腐蚀的程度越小，原文为“Research hasshown that there are lower levels of acid in the damaging pollutants at higher altitudes，meaning thatskyscrapers ore much less vulnerable to the negative

effects as mey ore exposed to acid rain with farlower levels of damaging pollutants．”根据题千，此处应填Skyscrapers，由于在句首，注意首字母大写。

34． 【L34】

正确答案：stone 解析：定位至介绍Alter Project的部分，原文讲“This project is directed towards studying theeffects of acid rain on old，traditional buildings of stone construction…”，可知研究的是酸雨对传统石质建筑的影响，因此此处填stone。

35． 【L35】

正确答案：Recycled glass 解析：出题句为“A recent case study for this is Sky Tower,whose windows have been madefrom recycled glass to prevent pollution from the glass—making process．”从中可知，Sky Tower上用recycled glass以防止在玻璃生产过程中产生污染，prevent同义替换了题干中的reduce一词，本题填Recycled glass，注意第一个单词首字母要大写。

36． 【L36】

正确答案：rainfall

解析：冬天时会遇到的困难是“This makes winter an undesirable season for construction as theheavy rainfall can have adverse effects on the building”，结合题目，rainfall为所填内容。

37． 【L37】

正确答案：wooden

解析：Humidity(湿度)对钢铁和石头建筑不会造成什么影响，但对于木质建筑的影响会很大，原文所述为“Constructions made of steel and stone are largely unaffected by humidity,however,itcan have a serious effect on wooden constructions if the timber has not been correctly treated．”故此处填wooden。

38． 【L38】

正确答案：soil

解析：根据“Ground conditions ore a cause for worry in many constructions as often the soil is ofthe wrong density to protect he foundations”作答，土壤对地基是有影响的，尤其是密度不对的时候，故此处填soil。

39． 【L39】

正确答案：movement

解析：原文讲“The movement of building structures can now also be measured and monitoredover time by architects．(如今，建筑师能在一段时间内测量和监测建筑结构的运动)”，故本题填movement。

40． 【L40】

正确答案：guidelines

解析：根据“Guidelines are also expected to be produced by the government in the near futurethat will give architects a universal checklist to follow”可知是希望出台一些准则供建筑师们遵守，故此处填guidelines。