学士学位英语考试作文指导.doc

一、 阅读范文

A： Direction： For this part you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic DoTucky

NumbersfReally Bring Good Luck? You should write at least 100 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below： 1. 有些人认为某些数字会带来好运。 2. 也有些人认为数字和运气无关。 3. 试说明你的看法。

Do'Lucky Numbers'Really Bring Good Luck?

Some people think that certain numbers can bring them good luck・ These numbers play an important role in their daily lives・ A case in point is that when they choose telephone number, theyll refuse to accept the one in eluding 4.

On the contrary, others believe that good luck has nothing to do with numbers・ They don't mind if they have got the lucky number or not・ They take it for granted that there is no different between lucky numbers and uniucky numbers

・

As far as I am concerned, all numbers are the same to me. Supposing you have got a lucky number, is it sure to bring you good luck? Of course, thafs not necessarily the case, Ifs your knowledge and ability rather than lucky nu mbers that bring you good luck. Keep it in mind, and you won't be influe need by lucky nu mbers ・ B： Direction:

1. Study the following graph carefully and write an essay in no less than200 words・ 2> Our essay must clearly on the ANSWER SHEET.

3、 Your essay should cover all the in formation provided and meet the requireme nts below: a) Describe the table

b) Predict the tendency of China's education budgets and give your reasons.

As can be seen from the table/graph, great changes have been taking place in China's education budgets during the period from 1991 to 2001 ・ Ten years ago, our government expended 73.1 billion but in the year 2001, the cost am ounts to 463.7 billi on. The perce ntage of funding in creases is remarkable, and such a phenomenon is very noteworthy/thoughtful.

Why are these changes in China's educational budgets? For this there are two major reasons. On the one hand, nowadays there is a great dema nd for academic instructions with the development of our economy and with the growth of our nation's strength. On the other hand, our whole society has realized that higher education means higher living・ In response to this, our government put more money in the construction of our education •

From the above, we can see that such a tre nd is very promising/hopeful. If more money is in vested to this section, then we can lay a solid foundation for the development of our socialist country and pay the way for the road to a well

・to・do life in the future/in the days to come・

二、 作文套路

A.图表作文(图表表现出的一般是过去时)

1 ・ As can be seen from the table, great changes have been taking place in ■-(题目)■-during the period from——to——(年)

该表格描述了在…年之…年间...数量的变化。

2. The graph/data shows (that)... 该图/数字向我们展示了… 3. from the table/chart/figure, we can see clearly that...

从图表我们可以很淸楚(明显)看到…

4. It fell/dropped/decreased a bit/dramatically to its lowest point

5・ It rose /increased sharply/suddenly/slowly to its highest point/from ■--to-percent of the total 6. the number sharply went up/dropped down to..

数字急剧上升/下降至…

7. It stayed/unchanged from・•・to--・

8. a is ...times as much/many as b・ a 是 b 的…倍。 9. be the same as...

与…札I同

10. After considering the information in the graph we might draw a conclusion that B.议论文

1 •(题目)is a heated topic/problem which is widely discussed by people not only in China but also in other countries ・

2・ some people think-八others believe——in my view

3. For one example---Let us have another example■一Let us still have another example 4. From what I have mentioned above, we can see clearly that 5. however /but some people/we think differently八・ 6. To my mind/in my opinion I am in favor that

7・ Taking into account all these factors, I may safely draw the conclusion that 8. Hence/As a result, it*s high time that we should——

三、句子的扩展

在英文写作中，许多同学句子结构仅限丁-中学所学的五个基本模式，不知道如何扩张英文句子。因此文章写的干瘪空洞、 无物。

这五中基本句子模式是:1. I'm writing; 2. He plays the piano; 3. My friend sent me a gift; 4. He tried to make the

book useful; 5. He is a teacher 或 The book is interest!ng ・

当表达复杂思想的时候，这五中句子模式就显得简单，单薄；因此，同学很冇必要学会扩张英文句子的方法和技巧

1用修辞的方法扩张句子

1用形容词修饰

e.g. The Adva need lear ner's Dicti on ary provides ,so much useful and valuable informatio n about huma n activities ・ 2用介词短语修饰

e.g. (1) The carpet on the floor was imported from Iran .

(2) The preside nt proposed a new tax reform bill duri ng his second year in office ・

3用副词修饰

e.g・ The boy ran quickly to his mother ・ 4川不定式修饰

e.g. (1) Table tennis is a game easy to learn but difficult to play well・

(2) The director is always the first to come to the office and the last to leave it ・ (3) Man does not live to eat but eat to live・ 5用分词修饰

(1 ) China is a developing country belonging to the Third world ・ (2) (3)

Sitting at the back , we can't hear a word. Openly criticized his error , he finally admitted ・

6用从句修饰

(1 ) The city which he likes to visit is Nanjing. (2) (3) (4)

That policema n who gave us directi on was very polite and trie ndly. An electronic computer, before it can work , must be programmed. As Mary was lost in thought , she didn't hear the door bell・

五•常用谚语

1. As an old saying「 _____ ”

Knowledge is power. Study, study and study.

The more one kno ws, the str on ger he is. Constant dropping wears away stones・ 2. The sprit of teamwork:

The role of teamwork cannot be too much emphasized・ For example, when we play basketball, which is a game requiring teamwork, we should cooperate with each other・ We should realize that the outcome of the game depe nds not only on the efforts of any in dividual or eve n famous starts, but also on the cooperati on of the team as a whole・ All of us should be convinced that team work is the key to making dreams come true. To sum up, teamwork is what we should bear in mind because it is of virtual importanee.

六、常见错误

1 •不一致(Disagreements)

所谓不一致不光指主谓不一致，它还包括了数的不-致、时态不一致及代词不-致等。 彳列 1 ・ Bread and butter are what they usually have for breakfast. 改为：Bread and butter is what they usually have for breakfast・

彳列 2. For years I have been attending summer camp and enjoyed every minute of it.

改为：For years I have been attending summer camp and enjoying every minute of it・

2 •指代不明，含义不清

指代不明,含义不清主要讲的是代词与被指代的人或物关系不清，或者先后所用的代词不一致。试看：

例 1.Mary was triendly to my sister because she wanted her to be her bridesmaid•(玛丽和我姐姐很耍好， 因为她耍她做她的伴娘。)

可改为：Mary was friendly to my sister because she wan ted my sister to be her bridesmaid ・ 例 2. And we can also know the society by serving it yourself・ 剖析：句中人称代词we和反身代词yourself指代不一致。 改为： We can also know society by serving it ourselves・

仞J3・ Yesterday my girlfriend waited for me in this room from America・ 改为：Yesterday my girlfriend from America waited for me in this room. 仞J4. When only five years old, my father taught me to play tennis. 改为： When only five years old, I was taught to play tennis by my father・ 例 5. My father was an artist; therefore, I have also chosen it as my profession.

改为:My father was an artist; therefore, I have also chosen art as my profession.

3. 不间断句子（不能将两个简单句简单地放在一起）

彳列 1 ・ There are many ways we get to know the outside world・ 改为：There are many ways for us to learn about the outside world・

Or: There are many ways through which we can become acquainted with the outside world 4. 词性误用

“词性课用”常表现为：介词当动词用；形容词当副词用；名词当动词用等. 彳列 1 ・ None can negative the importanee of money. 剖析：negative系形容词，误作动词。

改为：None can deny the importanee of money.

5. 句子不完整、破句

在口语中，交际双方可借助手势语气上下文等，不完幣的句子完全可以被理解.可是书而语就不同了，句子结构不完幣 会令意思表达不淸，这种情况常常发生在主句写完以后，笔者乂想加些补充说明时发生.

攸|J 1. There are many ways to know the society. For example by T V,radio ,newspaper and so on ・ 剖析：本句后半部分for example by TV ,radio ,newspaper and so on不是一个完整的句子，仅为一些不连贯的 词语，不能成句.

改为:There are many ways to know society ,for example ,by TV ,radio ,and newspaper.

6. 悬垂修饰语

所谓悬垂修饰语是指句首的短语与后面句子的逻辑关系混乱不清.例如：At the age often, my grandfather died.这 句中“at the age of ten”只点出十岁时，但没有说明'谁’十岁时.按一般推理不可能是my grandfather,如果我们把 这个悬垂修饰语改明确一点，全句就不那么费解了.

改为： When I was ten, my grandfather died.

彳列 1 .To do well in college, good grades are essential. 句中不定式短语“to do well in college\"的逻辑主语不清楚. 改为：To do well in college, a student needs good grades・ 彳列 2. Walking along the road, a rock cut my foot・

改为:Walking along the road, I had my foot cut on a rock..

7. 不连贯

不连贯是指一个句子前言不对后语，或是结构上不畅通。这也是考生常犯的毛病。 例 1 .The fresh water, it is the most important things of the earth. 剖析:The fresh water与逗号后的it不连贯。It与things在数方面不一致。

改为:Fresh water is the most important thing in the world・