011-纯氧燃烧的有关数据换算

OXYGEN LIQUID or GAS UNIT COMPARISON

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液态/气态氧气单位比对

8 to 12 mm BTU per short ton of melted glass using air/fuel. 每短吨玻璃使用空气/燃料提供的热量为8 to 12 mm BTU per 5 to 7 mm BTU per short ton of melted glass using oxy/fuel. 每短吨玻璃使用氧气/燃料提供的热量为5 to 7 mm BTU per

Will save about 35% of energy requirement with oxygen because less heat leaves the furnace exhaust.

将会减少大概35%的能量需求，原因在于在使用氧气后窑炉排烟量降低，能量损失减少。

One gallon of liquid oxygen (LOx) = 115 scf 1加仑液氧=115 scf（标准立方英尺） One gallon of LOx weighs = 9.524 pounds 1加仑液氧重量=9.524磅

One short ton of liquid oxygen (LOx) = 210 gallons 1短吨液氧=210加仑

One short ton of LOx = 24,150 scf 1短吨液氧=24,150 scf

One pound of L Ox = 12.075 scf 1磅液氧=12.075 scf

One kg of LOx = 26.62 scf 1千克液氧=26.62 scf

One kg of LOx = 0.716 m3 1千克液氧=0.713 m3 One ton of LOx = 716 m3 1吨液氧=716 m3 1 scf = 0.0269 nm3

1 标准立方英尺 = 0.0269 标方 1 nm3 = 37.2 scf

1标方=37.2标准立方英尺

1 volume of natural gas (NG) =2.05 times volume of pure oxygen required. 1体积的天然气(NG)=2.05体积的纯氧

1000 scf of natural gas requires 2050 scf of oxygen to completely burn. 1000标准立方英尺天然气需要2050标准立方英尺氧气才能完全燃烧。 When oxygen is supplied from VPSA use ratio of 2.15 times NG for calculating amount.

使用VPSA供氧时使用NG的用量是计算的2.15倍

One kg of oil requires 3.1 kg of LOx for combustion. (Use 3.2 kg O2 / kg Oil). 1千克重油需要3.1千克液氧助燃3.2 kg O2 / kg Oil

One kg of oil requires 2.2196 Nm3 of oxygen gas for combustion. (Use 2.3 Nm3 O2 gas per kg Oil per Combustion Tec). 1千克重油需要2.2196 Nm3氧气助燃

Standard vertical storage tank is 12’ to 15’ Φ by 20’ tall

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标准垂直储存罐为

Standard vertical tank holds 9,000 or 11,000 or 13,000 gallons 标准垂直储存罐储存9,000 or 11,000 or 13,000加仑 13,000 gallon tank = short tons of Lox 13000加仑储罐=60短吨液氧

The unit of sales in the USA is in 100 scf units for oxygen. 在美国销售氧气的单位是100 scf

Amount of electric power required to produce 100 scf of O2 is between 1.0 and 1.2 kWh.

生产100 scf的氧气的能耗介于1.0 and 1.2 kWh.

50% to 60% reduction in LPG used on front end burners if changed to oxy/fuel.

如果在前炉将燃烧器更换为纯氧燃烧器，则会减少50% to 60%LPG用量 All forehearths and channels must be wider when using oxy/fuel burners. 所有作业通路和主通路在使用氧气/燃料燃烧器时其宽度需要加长。 No Standard Zircon should be used in oxy/fuel fired furnaces. 在氧气/燃料燃烧的窑炉内不能使用标准锆

Fused alumina, fused grain mullite and AZS are used in the superstructure and crowns of oxy/fuel fired melters. Do not use silica refractory for crowns (however many container furnaces still do use silica crowns).

在氧气/燃料燃烧的熔化部中电熔氧化铝、电熔再烧结莫来石和AZS使用在上部结构和大碹上。不要使用硅砖作为大碹的材料（可是仍有器皿玻璃窑炉的大碹仍然使用硅砖）

VPSA system supply pressure fluctuation is about ± 0.5% while the process prefers about ± 0.25%. The VPSA swings every 20 seconds and pressure and purity will vary.

VPSA系统供气压力波动大约为± 0.5%实际上波动范围为± 0.25%。大约每20秒VPSA切换一次，这时压力和纯度会有变化。

COMBUSTION COMPARISON DATA

CASE BTU / Pound BTU / kg kcal / kg BTU/磅 BTU/千克 Kcal/Kg 2,750 6,060 1,527 5,500 12,122 3,055 6,000 13,224 3,332 Melter with Oxy-fuel (Case #1) 熔炉使用氧气/ 燃料（情况1#） Melter with Hot Air-fuel (Case #2) 熔炉使用热空气/ 燃料（情况2#） Melter with Hot Air-fuel (Case #3) 熔炉使用热空气/ 燃料（情况3#）

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ENERGY ANALYSIS of LARGE REGENERATIVE FLOAT GLASS MELTERS

(Uses Natural Gas with High Pre-heat Combustion Air Temperature)

大型热能再利用浮法窑能量分析

（使用天然气和高温预热空气助燃）

Typical Lower Energy Range

典型低能量范围

Energy Usage Area Mega joule / kg BTU / kg Kcal / kg Thermo-Chemical Reactions 1.85 1753 442 热化学反应 Quality & Fining Requirements 1.05 995 251 均化澄清需要的热量 Losses through Exhaust Gases 2.10 1990 502 废气中热散失 Structural Losses 0.80 758 191 结构热散失 TOTAL 5.80 96 1386 合计

Typical Higher Energy Range

典型高能量范围

Energy Usage Area Mega joule / kg BTU / kg Kcal / kg Thermo-Chemical Reactions 2.01 1904 480 热化学反应 Quality & Fining Requirements 1.14 1081 273 均化澄清需要的热量 Losses through Exhaust Gases 2.28 2162 5 废气中热散失 Structural Losses 0.87 823 207 结构热散失 TOTAL 6.30 5970 1505 合计

NOTE: Well designed glass fiber melters using oxy-fuel combustion with some electric boost can expect energy usage rates in-line with the higher throughput regenerative melters.

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注意：我们在生产玻纤的热能再利用窑炉中使用氧气/燃料的助燃方式，如果我们同时使用电助熔的话，能量的利用率将会更高。

PROPER PROPORTIONS for PERFECT COMBUSTION

完全燃烧时的比例

METRIC UNITS

公制 FUEL TYPE vol. O2 vol. air wt O2 wt air m3 O2 m3 air vol. fuel vol. fuel wt fuel wt fuel kg fuel kg fuel Methane, CH4 2.00 9.53 4.00 17.2 2.96 14.01 Propane, C3H8 5.00 23.8 3. 15.7 2.69 12.8 Butane, C4H10 6.50 31.0 3.59 15.5 2.65 12.6

ENGLISH UNITS

英制 FUEL TYPE vol. O2 vol. air wt O2 wt air ft3 O2 ft3 air vol. fuel vol. fuel wt fuel wt fuel kg fuel kg fuel 燃料类型 Methane, CH4 2.00 9.53 4.00 17.2 47.4 226 甲烷 Propane, C3H8 5.00 23.8 3. 15.7 43.1 205 丙烷 Butane, C4H10 6.50 31.0 3.59 15.5 42.5 203 丁烷

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EFFECT of HUMIDITY on OXYGEN CONTENT of AIR

(Volume % of Oxygen in Air at Various Temperatures & Humidity)

不同湿度下空气中含氧量

（在空气中不同的温度和湿度下氧气的体积百分含量） TEMPERATURE % RELATIVE HUMIDITY o C o F 0 20 40 60 80 100 .4 48.9 43.3 37.8 32.2 26.7 21.1 15.6 4.4 -6.7 -17.8 130 120 110 100 90 80 70 60 40 20 0 20.96 20.96 20.96 20.97 20.97 20.97 20.97 20.98 20.98 20.98 20.99 20.34 20.48 20.61 20.70 20.77 20.83 20.87 20.91 20.95 20.97 20.98 19.72 20.01 20.25 20.43 20.58 20.68 20.77 20.84 20.92 20.96 20.98 19.09 19.53 19. 20.17 20.38 20. 20.67 20.77 20.88 20.94 20.97 18.47 19.05 19.53 19.90 20.19 20.39 20.57 20.70 20.85 20.93 20.97 17.85 18.57 19.18 19. 19.99 20.25 20.47 20.63 20.82 20.92 20.96 GSI – CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION