2000年考研英语答案

2000 年考研英语答案

【篇一： 2000 年考研英语真题 (含答案分析 )】

class=txt>part directions ：

Ⅰclose test

for each numbered blank in the following passage, there are

four choices marked ［a］ , ［ b］, ［ c ］ and ［d ］. choose the best one and mark your answer on answer sheet 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (10 points)

① if a farmer wishes to succeed, he must try to keep a wide ② he must gap between his consumption and his production.

store a large quantity of grain 1 consuming all his grain

immediately. ③he can continue to support himself and his

④he must use this surplus in family 2 he produces a surplus.

three ways: as seed for sowing, as an insurance 3 the unpredictable effects of bad weather and as a commodity

which he must sell in order to 4 old agricultural implements

⑤ he may also and obtain chemical fertilizers to 5 the soil.

need money to construct irrigation 6 and improve his farm in

⑥if no surplus is available, a farmer cannot be 7 . other ways.

⑦ he must either sell some of his property or 8 extra funds in the form of loans. ⑧naturally he will try to borrow money at a low 9 of interest, but loans of this kind are not 10 obtainable. ［ 139 words ］

1. ［a］ other than ［b ］ as well as ［ c］ instead of ［ d］ more than 2. ［a］ only if ［b ］ much as

2000年考研英语答案

［c］ long before

［d ］ ever since

3. ［a］ for ［b ］ against ［ c］ of ［ d ］ towards 4. ［a］ replace ［b ］ purchase ［c］ supplement

［d ］ dispose

5. ［a］ enhance ［b ］ mix ［ c］ feed ［d］ raise 6. ［a］ vessels ［b］ routes ［ c］ paths ［ d］ channels

7. ［a］ self-confident

［b ］ self-sufficient

［c］ self-satisfied

［ d］ self-restrained

8. ［a］ search ［ b］ save ［ c］ offer ［d］ seek

9. ［a］ proportion

［b ］ percentage

［ c］ rate ［ d ］ ratio

10. ［ a］ genuinely

［ b ］ obviously

［c ］ presumably

［ d］ frequently

part Ⅱreading comprehension

directions:

each of the passages below is followed by some questions. for each question there are four answers marked

［a］,［ c ］ and ［ d］ . read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions. then mark your answer

b ］

［,

2000年考研英语答案

on answer sheet 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (40 points)

passage 1

① a history of long and effortless success can be a dreadful handicap, but, if properly handled, it may become a driving force. ② when the united states entered just such a glowing period after the end of the second world war, it had a market eight times larger than any competitor, giving its industries

unparalleled economies of scale. ③its scientists were the world?s best; its workers the most skilled. ④(11)america and americans were prosperous beyond the dreams of the europeans and asians whose economies the war had destroyed.

① it was inevitable that this primacy should have narrowed as ② just as inevitably, the retreat other countries grew richer.

③ by the mid-1980s from predominance proved painful.

americans had found themselves at a loss over their fading

④ some huge american industries, industrial competitiveness.

such as consumer electronics, had shrunk or vanished in the

⑤ by 1987 there was only one face of foreign competition.

⑥ (now there is none: american television maker left, zenith.

’ s lg electronics in july.) ⑦ zenith was bought by south korea

（ 12 ）foreign-made cars and textiles were sweeping into the

domestic market. ?america ’ s machine-tool industry was on the ropes. ⑧for a while it looked as though the making of

semiconductors, which america had invented and which sat at the heart of the new computer age, was going to be the next casualty.

①all of this caused a crisis of confidence. ②americans stopped taking prosperity for granted. ③ they began to believe that their way of doing business was failing, and that their

2000年考研英语答案

incomes would therefore shortly begin to fall as well. ④ the mid-1980s brought one inquiry after another into the causes of

2000年考研英语答案

america ’ s industrial decline. ⑤their sometimes sensational findings were filled with warnings about the growing competition from overseas.

①how things have changed! ② in 1995 the united states can look back on five years of solid growth while japan has been struggling.

③ （14） few americans attribute this solely to such

obvious causes as a devalued dollar or the turning of the business cycle. ④ self-doubt has yielded to

blind pride.

⑤“american industry has changed its structure, has gone on a diet, has learnt to be more quick-

witted, ”

acco rding to richard cavanaugh, executive dean of harvard

kennedy school of government.

⑥ “it makes me proud to be an american just to see how our businesses are improving their

productivity, ” says stephen moore of the cato institute, a think tank in washington, dc. ⑦ and william sahlman of the harvard

business school believes that people will look back on this period as

“ a golden age of business management in the united

states. ［”429 words ］

11. the u.s. achieved its predominance after world war ii because. ［a］ it had made painstaking efforts towards this goal

［ b］ its domestic market was eight times larger than before ［ c］ the war had destroyed the economies of most potential competitors ［d ］the unparalleled size of its workforce had given an impetus to its economy

12. the loss of u.s. predominance in the world economy in the 1980s is manifested in the fact that the american.

［ a］ tv industry had withdrawn to its domestic market ［ b］ semiconductor industry had been taken over by foreign enterprises ［c］ machine-tool industry had collapsed after

s-

’

2000年考研英语答案

suicidal actions ［d ］auto industry had lost part of its domestic market

13. what can be inferred from the passage?

［ a］ it is human nature to shift between self-doubt and blind pride. ［ b］ intense competition may contribute to economic progress.

［ c］ the revival of the economy depends on international cooperate ［d ］a long history of success may pave the way for further development.

14. the author seems to believe the revival of the u.s. economy in the 1990s can be attributed to the.

［ a］ turning of the business cycle ［ b］ restructuring of industry ［ c］ improved business management ［ d］ success in education

passage 2

（ 15 ）① being a man has always been dangerous.

②there are

about 105 males born for every 100 females, but this ratio drops to near balance at the age of maturity, and among 70- year-olds there are twice as many women as men. ③but the great universal of male mortality is being changed. ④ now, boy babies survive almost as well as girls do. ⑤ this means that, for the first time, there will be an excess of boys in those crucial years when they are searching for a mate. ⑥ more important, another chance for natural selection has been removed. ⑦ fifty years ago, the chance of a

baby (particularly a boy baby) surviving depended on its weight. ?a kilogram too light or too heavy meant almost certain

2000年考研英语答案

death. ⑧today it makes almost no difference. since much of the variation is due to genes, one more agent of evolution has gone.

①there is another way to commit evolutionary suicide: stay alive, but have fewer children. ② few people are as fertile as in the past. ③ except in some religious communities, very few women have 15 children. ④ nowadays the number of births, like the age of death, has become average. ⑤ most of us have roughly the same number of offspring.

⑥（ 16 ）again,

differences between people and the opportunity for natural selection to take advantage of it have diminished. ⑦ india shows what is happening. ?the country offers wealth for a few in the great cities and poverty for the remaining tribal peoples.

⑧the grand mediocrity of today — everyone being the same in survival and number of offspring —means that natural

selection has lost 80% of its power in upper-middle-class india compared to the tribes.

for us, this means that evolution is over; the biological utopia has arrived. ② strangely, it has involved little physical change. ③no other species fills so many places in nature. past 100, 000 years —even the past 100 years been transformed but our bodies have not.

④ but in the

— our lives have ⑤ （17 ）we did not

⑥darwin

evolve, because machines and society did it for us.

had a phrase to describe those ignorant of evolution: they

“ look at an organic being as a savage looks at a ship, as at something wholly beyond his comprehension. ”⑦no doubt we will remember a 20th century way of life beyond

comprehension for its ugliness. ?but however amazed our descendants may be at how far from utopia we were, they will look just like us. ［406 words ］

15. what used to be the danger in being a man according to the first paragraph?

2000年考研英语答案

［a］ a lack of mates.

［b］ a fierce competition. ［c］ a

lower survival rate. ［d ］ a defective gene.

16. what does the example of india illustrate?

［ a］ wealthy people tend to have fewer children than poor people. ［b ］ natural selection hardly works among the rich and the poor. ［ c］ the middle class population is 80% smaller than that of the tribes.

［ d］ india is one of the countries with a very high birth rate.

17. the author argues that our bodies have stopped evolving because. ［a］ life has been improved by technological advance

［ b］ the number of female babies has been declining ［ c］ our species has reached the highest stage of evolution ［ d］ the difference between wealth and poverty is disappearing

18. which of the following would be the best title for

the passage?

［ a］ sex ratio changes in human evolution. ［b］ ways of continuing man

’s evolution.

［ c］ the evolutionary future of nature. ［ d］ human evolution going nowhere.

passage 3

① （20） when a new movement in art attains a certain fashion, it is advisable to find out what its advocates are aiming at, for, however farfetched and ueasonable their principles may seem today, it is possible that in years to come they may be

2000年考研英语答案

regarded as normal. ②with regard to futurist poetry, however, the case is rather difficult, for whatever futurist poetry may be —even admitting that the theory on which it is based may be right —it can hardly be classed as literature.

① this, in brief, is what the futurist says: for a century, past conditions of life have been conditionally speeding up, till now we live in a world of noise and violence and speed.

② consequently, our feelings, thoughts and emotions have undergone a corresponding change. ③（21 ） this speeding up of life, says the futurist, requires a new form of expression.

④ we must speed up our literature too, if we want to interpret modern stress. ⑤we must pour out a large stream of essential words, unhampered by stops, or qualifying adjectives, or finite verbs. ⑥instead of describing sounds we must make up words that imitate them; we must use many sizes of type and different colored inks on the same page, and shorten or lengthen words at will.

①certainly their descriptions of battles are confused. ②but it is a little upsetting to read in the explanatory notes that a certain line describes a fight between a turkish and a bulgarian officer on a bridge off which they both fall into the river —and then to find that the line consists of the noise of their falling and the weights of the officers: eighty- five kilograms. ”

“ pluff! pluff! a hundred and

①（ 22 ） this, though it fulfills the laws and requirements of

futurist poetry, can hardly be classed as literature. ②all the same, no thinking man can refuse to accept their first

proposition: that a great change in our emotional life calls for a change of expression. ③ the whole question is really this: have we essentially changed? 19. this passage is mainly.

［ a］ a survey of new approaches to art

［334 words ］

2000年考研英语答案

［ b］ a review of futurist poetry

［ c］ about merits of the futurist movement ［ d］ about laws and requirements of literature

20. when a novel literary idea appears, people should try to. ［a］ determine its purposes

［ b ］ ignore its flaws

【篇二： 2000 年考研英语真题及答案分析】

irections ：

for each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked

［a］ , ［ b］, ［ c ］ and ［d ］. choose the

best one and mark your answer on answer sheet 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a

①if a farmer wishes to succeed, he must try pencil. (10 points)

to keep a wide gap between his consumption and his production. ②he must store a large quantity of grain 1

③ he can continue to consuming all his grain immediately.

④ he support himself and his family 2 he produces a surplus.

must use this surplus in three ways: as seed for sowing, as an insurance 3 the unpredictable effects of bad weather and as a commodity which he must sell in order to 4 old agricultural

⑤he implements and obtain chemical fertilizers to 5 the soil.

may also need money to construct irrigation 6 and improve

⑥ if no surplus is available, a farmer his farm in other ways.

cannot be 7 . ⑦he must either sell some of his property or 8

⑧naturally he will try to extra funds in the form of loans.

borrow money at a low 9 of interest, but loans of this kind are

［a］ not 10 obtainable. ［139 words ］ 1. ［a］ other than2. only if 3. ［ a］ for

4. ［a］ replace 5. ［a］ enhance 6. ［ a］ vessels

2000年考研英语答案

［ b］ as well as

［b］ much as

［ c］ instead of ［ c］ of ［c ］ feed ［ d］ more than

［ d ］ towards

［ d］ dispose ［ d ］ raise ［ c］ long before ［ d］ ever since ［b］ against

［ b ］ purchase ［b］ mix

［ c］ supplement

［ b］ routes ［ c］ paths ［d ］ channels

7. ［a］ self-confident［c ］ self-satisfied8. ［a］ search 9. ［a］ proportion 10. ［a］ genuinely directions: ［b］ self-sufficient

［d ］self-restrained ［ c］ offer ［ c］ rate

［ d］ seek ［d］ ratio ［ d］ frequently ［ b］ save

［ b］ percentage ［b ］ obviously ［ c］ presumably

part Ⅱreading comprehension

each of the passages below is followed by some questions. for each question there are four answers marked

［a］, ［b ］,

［ c ］ and ［ d］ . read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions. then mark your answer

2000年考研英语答案

on answer sheet 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (40 points) passage 1

①a history of long and effortless success can be a dreadful handicap, but, if properly handled, it may become a driving force. ② when the united states entered just such a glowing period after the end of the second world war, it had a market eight times larger than any competitor, giving its industries

unparalleled economies of scale. ③its scientists were the world?s best; its workers the most skilled. ④(11)america and americans were prosperous beyond the dreams of the europeans and asians whose economies the war had destroyed.

① it was inevitable that this primacy should have narrowed as ② just as inevitably, the retreat other countries grew richer.

③ by the mid-1980s from predominance proved painful.

americans had found themselves at a loss over their fading

④ some huge american industries, industrial competitiveness.

such as consumer electronics, had shrunk or vanished in the

⑤ by 1987 there was only one face of foreign competition.

⑥ (now there is none: american television maker left, zenith.

’ s lg electronics in july.) ⑦ zenith was bought by south korea

（ 12 ）foreign-made cars and textiles were sweeping into the domestic market. ?america ’s machine-tool industry was on the ropes. ⑧for a while it looked as though the making of

semiconductors, which america had invented and which sat at the heart of the new computer age, was going to be the next casualty.

①all of this caused a crisis of confidence. stopped taking prosperity for granted. ②americans

③ they began to believe

incomes would therefore shortly begin to fall as well. ④ the mid-1980s brought one inquiry after another into the causes of america ’ s industrial decline.

⑤their sometimes sensational

2000年考研英语答案

findings were filled with warnings about the growing competition from overseas.

①how things have changed! ② in 1995 the united states can look back on five years of solid growth while japan has been struggling.

③ （14） few americans attribute this solely to such

obvious causes as a devalued dollar or the turning of the business

cycle. ④ self-doubt has yielded to blind pride. ⑤“american industry has changed its structure, has gone on a diet, has learnt to be more quick- witted, ” according to richard cavanaugh, executive dean of harvard

’ s kennedy school of government. ⑥“it makes me proud to be an american just to

see how our businesses are improving their productivity, says stephen moore of the cato institute, a think-tank in washington, dc. ⑦and william sahlman of the harvard

business school believes that people will look back on this period as

“ a golden age of business management in the united

states. ［”429 words ］ 11. the u.s. achieved its predominance after world war ii because. ［ a］ it had made painstaking

efforts towards this goal ［ b ］ its domestic market was eight

times larger than before

［ c］ the war had destroyed the economies of most potential competitors ［d ］ the unparalleled size of its workforce had given an impetus to its economy

12. the loss of u.s. predominance in the world economy in the 1980s is manifested in the fact that the american. ［ a］ tv industry had withdrawn to its domestic market

［ b］ semiconductor industry had been taken over by foreign

enterprises ［c］ machine-tool industry had collapsed after suicidal actions ［d ］ auto industry had lost part of its domestic market 13. what can be inferred from the passage?

”

2000年考研英语答案

［ a］ it is human nature to shift between self-doubt and blind pride. ［ b］ intense competition may contribute to economic

progress. ［ c ］ the revival of the economy depends on international cooperation. ［ d ］ a long history of success may pave the way for further development.

14. the author seems to believe the revival of the u.s. economy in the 1990s can be attributed to the. ［ a］ turning of the business cycle ［ c］ improved business management passage 2

①（ 15 ） being a man has always been dangerous.

② there are

about 105 males born for every 100 females, but this ratio drops to near balance at the age of maturity, and among 70- year-olds there are twice as many women as men. ③but the great universal of male mortality is being changed. ④ now, boy babies survive almost as well as girls do. ⑤ this means that, for the first time, there will be an excess of boys in those crucial years when they are searching for a mate. ⑥ more important, another chance for natural selection has been removed. ⑦ fifty years ago, the chance of a baby (particularly a boy baby)

surviving depended on its weight. ?a kilogram too light or too

2000年考研英语答案

heavy meant almost certain death. ⑧today it makes almost no difference. since much of the variation is due to genes, one more agent of evolution has gone.

①there is another way to commit evolutionary suicide: stay alive, but have fewer children. ② few people are as fertile as in the past. ③ except in some religious communities, very few women have 15 children. ④ nowadays the number of births, like the age of death, has become average. ⑤ most of us have roughly the same number of offspring.

⑥（ 16 ）again,

differences between people and the opportunity for natural selection to take advantage of it have diminished. ⑦ india shows what is happening. ?the country offers wealth for a few

2000年考研英语答案

in the great cities and poverty for the remaining tribal peoples.

⑧the grand mediocrity of today — everyone being the same in

survival and number of offspring —means that natural selection has lost 80% of its power in upper-middle-class india compared to the tribes.

for us, this means that evolution is over; the biological utopia has arrived. ② strangely, it has involved little physical change. ③no other species fills so many places in nature. past 100, 000 years —even the past 100 years been transformed but our bodies have not.

④but in the

— our lives have ⑤ （17 ）we did not

⑥darwin

evolve, because machines and society did it for us.

had a phrase to describe those ignorant of evolution: they

“ look at an organic being as a savage looks at a ship, as at something wholly bey ond his comprehension. ”⑦no doubt we will remember a 20th century way of life beyond

comprehension for its ugliness. ?but however amazed our descendants may be at how far from utopia we were, they will look just like us. of mates.

［406 words ］ 15. what used to be the danger

in being a man according to the first paragraph?

［a］ a lack

［ b］ a fierce competition.

［d ］ a defective gene.

［c］ a lower survival rate.

［ b］ restructuring of industry

［d］ success in education

16. what does the example of india illustrate?

［ a］ wealthy people tend to have fewer children than poor people. ［b ］ natural selection hardly works among the rich and the poor. ［ c］ the middle class population is 80% smaller than that of the tribes. ［ d ］ india is one of the countries with a very high birth rate. 17. the author argues that our bodies have

2000年考研英语答案

stopped evolving because. technological advance been declining stage of evolution

［a］ life has been improved by

［ b］ the number of female babies has

［ c ］ our species has reached the highest

［d ］ the difference between wealth and

［a］ sex ratio changes in human

［d ］ human evolution going

poverty is disappearing 18. which of the following would be the best title for the passage? evolutionary future of nature. nowhere. passage 3

evolution. ［b］ ways of continuing man

’s evolution. ［ c］ the

①（ 20 ）when a new movement in art attains a certain fashion, it is advisable to find out what its advocates are aiming at, for, however farfetched and ueasonable their principles may seem today, it is possible that in years to come they may be regarded as normal. ②with regard to futurist poetry, however, the case is rather difficult, for whatever futurist poetry may be —even admitting that the theory on which it is based may be right —it can hardly be classed as literature.

① this, in brief, is what the futurist says: for a century, past conditions of life have been conditionally speeding up, till now we live in a world of noise and violence and speed.

② consequently, our feelings, thoughts and emotions have undergone a corresponding change. ③（21 ） this speeding up of life, says the futurist, requires a new form of expression.

④ we must speed up our literature too, if we want to interpret modern stress. ⑤we must pour out a large stream of essential words, unhampered by stops, or qualifying adjectives, or finite verbs. ⑥instead of describing sounds we must make up words that imitate them; we must use many sizes of type and different colored inks on the same page, and shorten or lengthen words at will.

s of battles are confused. ②but it is a little upsetting to read in the explanatory notes that a certain line describes a fight

2000年考研英语答案

between a turkish and a bulgarian officer on a bridge off which they both fall into the river — and then to find that the line consists of the noise of their falling and the weights of the

officers: “ pluff! pluff! a hundred and eighty -five kilograms. （ 22 ）this, though it fulfills the laws and requirements of

①”

futurist poetry, can hardly be classed as literature. ②all the same, no thinking man can refuse to accept their first

proposition: that a great change in our emotional life calls for a

change of expression. ③ the whole question is really this: have we

essentially changed? ［334 words ］ 19. this passage is mainly.

［a］ a survey of new approaches to art futurist poetry

［c］ about merits of the futurist movement and requirements of literature

［ b］ a review of

［ d］ about laws

20. when a novel literary idea appears, people should try to. ［a］ determine its purposes ［c］ follow the new fashions 21. futurists claim that we must.

［a］ increase the production of literature

［b ］ use poetry to

relieve modern stress that futurist poetry is.

［c ］ develop new modes of expression

［ d ］ avoid using adjectives and verbs 22. the author believes

［a］ based on reasonable principles

［c］ indicative

［b ］ new and acceptable to ordinary people of a basic change in human nature

［ b］ ignore its flaws ［ d］ accept the principles

［ d ］ more of a transient phenomenon than literature passage 4

①（ 23 ） aimlessness has hardly been typical of the postwar japan whose productivity and social harmony are the envy of the united states and europe. ②but increasingly the japanese

2000年考研英语答案

are seeing a decline of the traditional work-moral values.

years ago young people were hardworking and saw their jobs as their primary reason for being, but now japan has largely fulfilled its economic needs, and young people don where they should go next.

③ ten

’ t know

①the coming of age of the postwar baby boom and an entry of women into the male-dominated job market have limited the opportunities of teen-agers who are already questioning the

’ s rigid heavy personal sacrifices involved in climbing japan

②in a recent survey, it social ladder to good schools and jobs.

was found that only 24.5 percent of japanese students were fully satisfied with school life, compared with 67.2 percent of

③ in addition, far more japanese students in the united states.

workers expressed dissatisfaction with their jobs than did their counterparts in the 10 other countries surveyed. ①while often praised by foreigners for its emphasis on the basics, japanese education tends to stress test taking and mechanical learning over creativity and self-expression.

“ those things that do not show up in the test scores

—are completely personality, ability, courage or humanity

ignored, ” says toshiki kaifu, chairman of the ruling liberal democratic party

②（25）

—

’ s education committee. ③“ frustration against

④last ” this kind of thing leads kids to drop out and run wild.

，125 incidents of school violence, year japan experienced 2 ⑤ amid the outcry, many including 929 assaults on teachers.

conservative leaders are seeking a return to the prewar

⑥last year mitsuo setoyama, emphasis on moral education.

who was then education minister, raised eyebrows when he argued that liberal reforms introduced by the american occupation authorities after world war ii had weakened the “ japanese morality of respect for parents. ” ①（ 26 ） but that may have more to do with japanese life-styles. ②“ in japan,

” says educator yoko muro,

“ it ’ s never a qu

2000年考研英语答案

of whether you enjoy your job and your life, but only how

”③with economic growth has come much you can endure.

’ s 119 million citizens centralization; fully 76 percent of japan

live in cities where community and the extended family have been abandoned in favor of isolated, two-generation

households. ④ urban japanese have long endured lengthy commutes (travels to and from work) and crowded living

conditions, but as the old group and family values weaken, the

discomfort is beginning to tell.

⑤in the past decade, the japanese divorce rate, while still well below that of the united states, has increased by more than 50 percent, and suicides

have increased by nearly one-quarter. ［447 words ］ 23. in thewesterners

’ eyes, the postwar japan was. ［ a］ under aimless

development ［c］ a rival to the west

［ b］ a positive example

［d ］ on the decline

24. according to the author, what may chiefly be responsible for the moral decline of japanese society? ［a］ women’s participation in social activities is limited. ［ b］ more workers

are dissatisfied with their jobs.

［c ］ excessive emphasis has

been placed on the basics.

［d ］ the life-style has been influenced by western values. 25. which of the following is true according to the author?

［ a］ japanese education is praised for helping the young climb the social ladder.［b ］ japanese education is characterized by mechanical learning as well as creativity. more stress should be placed on the cultivation of creativity. ［ d ］ dropping out leads to frustration against test taking. 26.

the change in japanese life-style is revealed in the fact that.

the young are less tolerant of discomforts in life ［b ］ the

divorce rate in japan exceeds that in the u.s.

［c ］ the

c ］

a］

［

［

2000年考研英语答案

japanese endure more than ever before appreciate their present life passage 5

［ d］ the japanese

①（ 27 ） if ambition is to be well regarded, the rewards of ambition —wealth, distinction, control over one

’s destiny

must be deemed worthy of the sacrifices made on ambition behalf. ② if the tradition of ambition is to have vitality, it must be widely shared; and it especially must be highly regarded by people who are themselves admired, the educated not least among them. ③（28 ） in an odd way,

— ’ s

however, it is the educated who have claimed to have given up

④what is odd is that they have on ambition as an ideal.

—if not always their own perhaps most benefited from ambition

⑤there is a heavy then that of their parents and grandparents.

note of hypocrisy in this, a case of closing the barn door after

—with the educated themselves the horses have escaped

riding on them.

① certainly people do not seem less interested in success and its signs now than formerly. ②summer homes, european travel, bmws — the locations, place names and name brands may change, but such items do not seem less in demand today than a decade or two years ago. ③ （29 ）what has happened is that people cannot confess fully to their dreams, as easily and openly as once they could, lest they be thought pushing, acquisitive and vulgar. ④ instead, we are treated to fine hypocritical spectacles, which now more than ever seem in ample supply: the critic of american materialism with a

southampton summer home; the publisher of radical books who takes his meals in three-star restaurants; the journalist

advocating participatory democracy in all phases of life, whose

own children are eolled in private schools. ⑤for such people and many more perhaps not so exceptional, the proper formulation is, ambitious. ”

“ succeed at all costs but avoid appearing

2000年考研英语答案

①the attacks on ambition are many and come from various angles; its public defenders are few and unimpressive, where they are not extremely unattractive. ②as a result, the support for ambition as a healthy impulse, a quality to be admired and fixed in the mind of the young, is probably lower than it has

ever been in the united states. ③this does not mean that ambition is at an end, that people no longer feel its stirrings and promptings, but only that, no longer openly honored, it is less openly professed. ④consequences follow from this, of course, some of which are that ambition is driven underground, or made sly. ⑤ such, then, is the way things stand: on the left angry critics, on the right stupid supporters, and in the middle, as usual, the majority of earnest people trying to get on in life. ［ 431 words ］

27. it is generally believed that ambition may be well regarded if. ［a］ its returns well compensate for the sacrifices is rewarded with money, fame and power spiritual rather than material the famous

［c ］ its goals are

［b］ it

［ d］ it is shared by the rich and

28. the last sentence of the first paragraph most probably implies that it is. ［a］ customary of the educated to discard ambition in words ［b ］ too late to check ambition once it has been let out ［ c］ dishonest to deny ambition after the

fulfillment of the goal ［ d ］ impractical for the educated to enjoy benefits from ambition 29. some people do not openly admit they have ambition because. ［ a］ they think of it as immoral

［b］ their pursuits are not fame or wealth

［c］ ambition is not closely related to material benefits they do not want to appear greedy and contemptible

［ d ］

2000年考研英语答案

30. from the last paragraph the conclusion can be drawn that ambition should be maintained. ［c ］ easily and momentarily part translation directions:

read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined segments into chinese. your translation must be written neatly on answer sheet 2. (15 points)

［ a］ secretly and vigorously

Ⅲenglish-chinese

governments throughout the world act on the assumption that

the welfare of their people depends largely on the economic

strength and wealth of the community. 31 ）under modern conditions, this requires varying measures of centralized control and hence the help of specialized scientists such as

economists and operational research experts. 32 ）furthermore,

it is obvious that the strength of a country ’ s economy is directly bound up with the efficiency of its agriculture and industry, and that this in turn rests upon the efforts of

scientists and technologists of all kinds. it also means that

governments are increasingly compelled to interfere in these sectors in order to step up production and ensure that it is utilized to the best advantage. for example, they may

encourage research in various ways, including the setting up education, or interfere in order to reduce the wastage of natural resources or tap resources hitherto unexploited; or they may cooperate directly in the growing number of openly and enthusiastically

［b ］

［ d ］ verbally and spiritually

【篇三：2000年考研英语真题及答案分析】

class=txt> 一、文章整体剖析

本文是一篇短小的论证性文章，其主题是重申农民储藏余粮的必需性。

2000年考研英语答案

文章 ① 句提出论点：农民想成功，就一定努力保持花费和生产之间有较大的差距。 ②句对 ①句进行详细的解说：即他一定储存大批的粮食。 ③④⑤ 从正面论述储藏余粮的必需性： ③ 句总说能够养家生活； ④⑤ 句详细说能够留作播种、应付恶劣天气影响及作为商品卖

掉以知足农业重生产等需要。 ⑥⑦⑧ 句论述没有余粮的危害 :不可以自给自足，从反面论证储藏余粮的必需性。

二、试题详细分析

1.\\[a\\] other than 不一样于，除了 ?? [b] as well as 也，又（表示附带）

[c] instead of 而不是 ?? （表选择） [d] more than 比 ?? 更多（表比较） 本题查核的知识点是：逻辑关系。正确率： 72%

［迅速解题］ 文章首句的含义是：一个农民要想成功，就一定努力保持其花费和生产之间较大的差距。接着文章提到了两种正好相反

的做法，一种是 store a large quantity of grain （储存大批的粮食），另一种是 consuming all his grain immediately （立刻把他

全部的粮食都花费完）。明显前一种做法是农民能够成功的做法，所以空格处需要一个词语来否认后边部分，并且后来能跟此刻分词。

选项中，只有介词短语 instead of 切合要求，意为 “他一定储存大批的粮食而不是立刻把全部的粮食都耗费完 ”。

［篇章剖析］ ①句为文章要旨句，核心内容是 “保持花费和生产之间的差距 ”。②句承接 ① 句，详细论述怎样保持这个差距：储藏大批的粮食。

［空格设置］ instead of 是连结性介词，表现上下文语义上的逻辑关系。 instead of 表选择关系，意为 “取代，作为 ?? 的替代，而不是?”，在两种做法中必定前者，否认后者。如： i will stay at home instead of going out. 我将待在家里，不出门。其余连结性介词还包含 because of （由于）， despite （只管）， besides （除了）等。

2000年考研英语答案

［扰乱项设置］ 其余项的短语都可用于连结前后并列的两部分。 other than 常用于否认句中，其实是对后边部分的必定，如：

i

don’ t know any french people other than you.

除了你，我不认识

其余法国人。其余例句：

the editors as well as the proofreaders

are working overtime.

编写和校正者都在加班工作。

i like her

more than her husband.

我比较喜爱她，不太喜爱她丈夫。

只管，固然 (表退步 )

2.[a] only if

只需，只有 (表条件 )[b] much as

[c] long before

早在 ? 从前 (表时间 ) [d] ever since

自从 (表时间 )

本题查核的知识点是：逻辑关系。正确率：

62%

［迅速解题］ 考生需判断空格前后部分之间的逻辑关系。明显， he produces a surplus and his family

是 he can continue to support himself

的前提条件。备选项中只有 only if 指引条件状语从

句，代入句中，意为 “只有生产有节余，农民才能持续养活自己及家人”。这两个分句持续重申储藏粮食的必需性，切合上下文意。

［篇章剖析］ ②句提到农民一定要储藏粮食， ③句进一步解说这样做的目的：养活自己及家人。 ②句的 store a large quantity of

grain 和③句的 produces a surplus 的语义连接。

是近义复现，实现了句子之间

［空格设置］ only if 表现了主从句之间的逻辑关系，并且

only if

是 if 的重申形式，在文顶用于重申储存粮食的必需性。

only if 用于

句首时，主句一般要倒装，如：

only if the red light comes on is

there anything wrong with the machine.

只需红灯一亮，就表示机

器出缺点了。 ② 句中的考点还包含：一，熟词僻义。句中

support

意为 to provide everything necessary, esp. money, so that

sb/sth can live or exist

养活“，奉养，保持

”，如： mark has to

support two children from his first marriage.

次婚姻生的两个孩子。

马克得奉养他第一

he turned to crime to support his drug

habit. 他为保持吸毒的陋习而走上犯法的道路。二，依据上下文选词。

2000年考研英语答案

句中 surplus

为名词，意为 “节余（量），节余（额） ”，如：

agricultural surpluses 节余的农产品。它和上文 store a large quantity 相响应。

［扰乱项设置］

其余项也是主从复合句的连结词。例句： much as

she needed the job, she had to refuse. 固然她特别需要这份工作，她只好拒绝。 she had seen the film abroad long before it was shown in beijing. 早在这部电影在北京上映从前，她就在外国看过

了。 she had been worrying ever since the letter arrived. 自从接

到那封信后她就向来忧虑不安。

3.[a] for 为了，至于，对于，合用于

[b] against

反对，靠着，相反，对

?不利 ,预防

[c] of ?? 的，对于，对于

[d] towards

向，朝，靠近，有助于

本题查核的知识点是：介词的用法

+ 习惯搭配。正确率：

62%

［迅速解题］

④句提到，农民能够将余粮用于三种用途：

as seed as an insurance 和 as a commodity

。空格处填入的介词与名词短

语 the unpredictable effects of bad weather

搭配，做 insurance

的后置定语，意为 “作为 ?恶劣天气影响的保障 ”。 insurance 的常有 含义是 “保险，保障 ”，也可意为 “（防范不测的）保障举措 ”，常与介词 against

搭配。余粮自然是一种预防恶劣天气影响的保障举措，

能表达 “预防 ”含义的介词只有 against 。

［篇章剖析］ ③ 句和 ④⑤ 句是并列关系，共同支持 ② 句的看法：必

须储藏粮食。 ③ 句论述储藏余粮的目的； ④⑤ 句介绍余粮的用途。

④句骨干为 he must use this surplus ，介词短语 in three ways 做状语，冒号后三个并列的

as... 介词构造列举了使用余粮的三种方式。

［空格设置］ against 作为常用介词，其含义和用法特别丰富。 against 意为 “反对，违犯；对 ?不利；倚靠；预防 ”，如 the fight

，

2000年考研英语答案

against evil

反对险恶的斗争； the evidence is against him.

凭证对 他不利； put the piano against the wall. 把钢琴紧靠着墙；

precautions against fire

防火举措。文中取其 “预防 ”的含义。其余

考点包含：熟词僻义。本句中

insurance

意为 “（防范不测的）保障

举措，安全保证 ”，如： at that time people had large families as

an insurance against some children dying.

那时人们养的儿女很

多，以防有孩子夭折。

［扰乱项设置］ 其余项都是常用的介词。

for 可指 “以帮助，为

了??”，如： soldiers fighting for their country

为祖国出征的军人；或表示目的或用途，如： a machine for slicing bread

（用于）切面

包片机。 toward 可指 “对，对于；以 ?? 为目的或目标，用于 ”，如： our attitude towards death

我们对死亡的态度； the money will

go towards a new school building.

这笔资本将用于修筑新校舍。

of 可指 “??的 ”。它们的中文释义都有扰乱，要注意各自的用法。

4.[a] replace 取代，替代；更新，改换

[b] purchase 购置

[c] supplement 补充，补充；附录

[d] dispose 摆列，安排； （ ~of ）处理，部署

本题查核的知识点是：逻辑语义 + 动词词义辨析。正确率：

70%

［迅速解题］ 空格所在部分谈到农民把余粮作为商品（

commodity ）销售的目的之一是： 4 old agricultural

as a

implements

空格处填入的动词说明对 “旧农具 ”施加的动作。销售

余粮不该当是为了补充（ supplement ）或购置（ purchase ）旧农具，更不行能是为了处理、安排（ dispose ）旧农具。只有 replace 表达的 “用余粮换得的钱来买新农具以改换旧农具 ”切合逻辑。

［篇章剖析］ 此处 commodity 后跟有 which 指引的定语从句，详细说明余粮作为商品的用途：改换旧农具及购置化肥。定语从句中，

，

2000年考研英语答案

in order to 连结两个并列的不定式构造 to replace...and (to)

obtain... 做目的状语。 ［空格设置］

④句较长，此中嵌套了 which 指引的定语从句。

不吃正餐，改吃点心； you’ll be

玻璃杯若有破坏，要负

replace 一词含义固然简单，但需要经过理解上下文意来解答。例句： to replace meals with snacks

expected to replace any broken glasses.

责补偿。

［扰乱项设置］

从语法上讲，其余项都可与 implements （工具， a diet supplemented

用具）组成动宾搭配。例句：

they purchased the land for $1

million. 他们以 100 万美元买下了这块土地。 with vitamin pills

有维生素片的饮食。 dispose 意为 “摆列，安排，

他办理掉他的旧汽车。也指

”。

“解决，办理

部署 ”， dispose of sb/sth 可意为 “处理，消除，销毁 ”，如： he

disposed of his old car.

（问题、困难等）；击败，杀死（某人）

5.[a] enhance 提升，加强，增进（效劳、影响、价值等）

[b] mix （使）混杂，交融；混杂 [c] feed 供应必需品，饲养，饲养 [d] raise 栽种，饲养；抚育，养育

本题查核的知识点是：动词词义辨析。正确率：40%

［迅速解题］ 空格部分谈到农民把余粮作为商品销售的另一目的：

obtain chemical fertilizers to 5 the soil 。选项中 enhance 从含义

上看仿佛切合上下文语义要求，但它往常与抽象名词搭配；

mix the

soil 指“混杂（不一样的土壤） ”，不切合文意； raise 不接 soil 做宾语。只有 feed 与 soil 搭配， feed 为引申义，意为 “给土壤增添养料 ”，切合文意。

［空格设置］ 本题要点考察动词的用法及搭配。 feed 可意为 “为??供应食品，喂（养），养活 ”，如： you can ’t feed a family of five

2000年考研英语答案

on $100 a week. 你没法靠每周 100 美元的收入来养活一家五口。文中 feed 是比喻用法，需要依据上下文意理解。

［扰乱项设置］ enhance 在词义上形成扰乱，如： health enhances

beauty. 健康令人显得更美。 mix 利用句中出现的两个事

物“化肥 ”与 “土壤 ”形成 “将两者混杂 ”的扰乱，如： oil does not mix

with water. 油不睦水相溶。 raise 对 feed 组成近义扰乱，如：

raise

corn/cattle

栽种玉米 /养牛； they raised her (as) a catholic.

他们把

她培育成为天主教徒。

6.[a] vessels

船，容器，导管，脉管

[b] routes

路，路线

[c] paths

路，小道 [d] channels

渠道，管道

本题查核的知识点是：固定搭配

+ 名词词义辨析。正确率：

57%

［迅速解题］ 空格处填入的名词与 irrigation （浇灌）搭配。四个选项，第一清除 routes 和 paths ，它们主要指空中或地面的道路。

vessel 能够指 “导运体液的导管 ”，但一般是渺小的管道，特别是脉管、血管。只有 irrigation channel 可表示 “浇灌沟渠 ”。

［篇章剖析］ ⑤句和 ④句后半部分（ as a commodity which he

must... ）含义亲密有关。 ⑤句承接上文，持续介绍余粮被看作商品

卖掉后的其余用途：（用卖余粮获取的钱）建浇灌沟渠或以其余方 式来改良农场。 ⑤句中 also 一词表示了它与上文的并列逻辑关系。

［空格设置］ 名词的固定搭配也是知识运用的常考点。channel

含

义丰富，意为 “电视台，频道；门路，渠道；沟渠，河槽，水道，航 道，海峡 ”，如： complaints must be made through the proper channels. rice fields

投诉一定经过正当门路进行。 drainage channels in the 稻田的排沟渠。考生较熟习的是它的前几个义项，此处考

察了它表示 “沟渠 ”的含义及与 irrigation 的搭配。 ［扰乱项设置］

其余项与 channel 同样，都能够表示 “路线、线路 ”，

意为 “路线，路程；（公共汽车

需要考生能辨清各自的用法。 route

2000年考研英语答案

和列车等的）惯例路线，固定路线 ”，如： a scenic/coastal route

风景优美的 /沿海的公路； an air/bus route 飞翔航线 /公交路线，它也可比

喻为 “门路，渠道 ”，如： the route to fame/power 成名的 /获

取权利的门路。 path 意为 “小道，小径 ”，也指 “（前进的）路线，道

路”，如： a bicycle path 自行车道； the path of a hurricane 飓流行经的路线；它还可比喻为 “行动计划，成功门路 ”，如： a career path

职业道路； the path to freedom/success 通向自由 /成功的道

路。 vessel 可意为 “大船；（盛液体的）容器；（人或动物的）脉管，血管，（植物的）导管 ”，如： blood vessel 血管。 7.[a] self-confident

自信的 [b] self-sufficient

自给自足的

自我控

[c] self-satisfied 制的，有克制的 67%

自满的，自鸣喜悦的 [d] self-restrained

本题查核的知识点是：形容词词义辨析。正确率：

［迅速解题］ 空格所在句子的含义：假如农民没了余粮（来周转），就不可以 ?? 。［ a］、［ c ］和［ d］都是描绘人的心理特色的形容词，不切合上下文意；只有［ b ］表达的 “不可以自给自足 ”切合逻辑，下文提到的 “他只得变卖部分产业或 ?? 贷款 ”进一步说了然农民不可

以自给自足的状态。

［篇章剖析］ ⑥句是一个承前启后的过渡句，从上文 “余粮的作用 ” 转向 “农民没有余粮的结果 ”。 ⑥ 句是统率了 ⑦⑧ 句的总起句。 ［空格设置］ 本题其实是经过考察复合形容词来考察self-sufficient 上下文的语义。 self-sufficient 与上文 ③句中 support himself and his family

遥相响应，说明的都是农民贮备余粮的重要作用。 意

为“自给自足的，自立的 ”，如： the country is totally self- sufficient in food production. 自给自足。

［扰乱项设置］

其余项都是 self- 组成的复合形容词，且都可修饰

在粮食生产上，这个国家完整达到了

2000年考研英语答案

farmers 。例句： a self-confident manner 自信的态度。 he had a

2000年考研英语答案

self-satisfied smile on his face. self-restrained smile

他脸上挂着沾沾自喜的笑脸。 her

她控制的浅笑。

8.[a] search

搜寻 [b] save 挽救，节俭

[c] offer 供应，出价 [d] seek 追求，找寻

本题查核的知识点是：动词词义辨析。正确率：68%

［迅速解题］ ⑦ 句指出，（假如农民没有生产节余）他一定变卖部 分产业或以贷款的形式 ?? 额外的资本。所以 “节俭（ save ）额外的资本”或“供应（ offer ）额外的资本给他人 ”都不切合文意。 search 作“搜寻 ”讲时，应搭配介词 for 。所以正确答案是 seek ，放入文中，意为 “追求以贷款的形式获取的额外资本 ”。

［篇章剖析］ ⑦句是分叙句，详细论述 ⑥句中的 cannot be self-sufficient ：他或许需要变卖财富，或许需要借贷。

［空格设置］ 本题既考察了动词与名词（

extra funds in the form seek 意为 “找寻；追求，谋

探究发展会

of loans ）的搭配，又考察了上下文意。 员的新门路。

求”，如： seek new ways of expanding membership

［扰乱项设置］

其余项都可接 funds 做宾语，特别是 search 扰乱

性较强，所以一定理解上下文并正确掌握动词用法，才能清除扰乱。

save 可意为 “节俭 ”； offer 可意为 “供应，供应 ”；search 意为 “搜寻， 搜寻，搜寻 ”，接表示地址的名词做宾语，或用

~for sth/sb ，表示

搜寻飞

她翻找自

“搜寻（某人 /物） ”，如： searched the plane for survivors 机找寻幸存者， she searched in vain for her passport.

己的护照，但没找着。

9.[a] proportion

比率，比率，平衡

[b] percentage

百分比

[c] rate 比率，速度，等级 [d] ratio 比率，对照，比值本题查核的知识点是：固定搭配。正确率： 61%

2000年考研英语答案

［迅速解题］ 依据 ⑦ 句中的 loans （贷款）以及本句的 borrow

money ，能够推断出 9of interest interest rate

应表示利率。 rate of interest

或

意为 “利率 ”，是固定搭配。

［篇章剖析］ ⑦⑧ 句是承接关系， ⑦ 句提到农民不可以自足时，要去借贷， ⑧ 句说明借贷时会碰到的困难。 ⑧句中 borrow money 与 ⑦ 句中 extra funds in the form of loans 是近义复现，实现了句子之间的连接。

［空格设置］ 本题考察名词的搭配用法。

rate 可意为 “比率，率 ”，

指一准期间内事情发生的次数或案例存在的个数的丈量方法，如： the annual divorce rate

酬劳； the basic rate of tax

离婚率；或指 “（收取或付给的固定的）费

用，价钱 ”，如： a low/high hourly rate of pay

按小时支付的低 /高

基本税额。文顶用到的是第二个含义。

［扰乱项设置］

其余项都能够表示某种比率关系，组成对 rate 的

近义扰乱。 proportion proportion of sth to sth

意为 “比率，比率 ”，常有用法有 the

（即事物或事物各部分之间在大小、数目

人口

或程度上的关系），如： the proportion of births to deaths

出生与死亡的比率；另一个是

in proportion to （数目之间的一种关

系，暗指假如一方发生变化则另一方也随之发生相应的变化），如： happiness not in proportion to virtue

幸福与美德不行比率。

ratio 指 “两件相像事情在程

percentage 意为 “百分比 ”，如： what percentage of the students were absent? 逃课的学生占百分之几？ water is 2 to 1. 10. [a] genuinely

度或数目上的对照关系 ”，如： the ratio of hydrogen to oxygen in

水中氢和氧的比率是 2∶ 1。

真挚地，诚实地 [b] obviously

明显地

[c] presumably

可能地，大体 ,推断起来 [d] frequently

常常地

本题查核的知识点是：上下文语义

+副词词义辨析。正确率： 67%

［迅速解题］ 空格处是 but 指引的转折分句，前文提到农民自然想

获取低利率贷款，后半句转折指出：可是这类低息贷款其实不

? 获取。

2000年考研英语答案

四个选项中，第一清除 genuinely ，它在语义上不与 obtainable 搭配。 obviously 表示的 “明显不行获取 ”过于绝对，不切合逻辑。

presumably 一般做句子副词独自使用，不睦其余形容词连用。从意

义上来看，只有［ d ］切合题意， “不常常（ frequently ）能够获取 ” 表示这样的时机极少。

［篇章剖析］

⑧ 句是一个由 but 连结的表转折关系的并列句，

this

kind 即指上文 low rate of interest

（低利率）。

［空格设置］ 本题经过考察副词词义，实质考察考生对上下文语义 的理解， not frequently 与上文 naturally he will 存在转折关系。 ［扰乱项设置］ 其余项都是副词，是依据中文含义设置的扰乱。例 句： he genuinely believes in what he sells. 他真地相信他卖的东 西。 he was obviously drunk.

他明显是喝醉了。 presumably the

大体恶劣的天气使飞机误点了。

bad weather has delayed the flight. 三、全文翻译

一个农民要想成功，就一定在花费和生产之间努力保持着较大的差距。他一定储存大批的粮食而不是立刻把全部的粮食都花费掉。只有生产有节余，农民才能持续养活自己及家人。他一定用以下三种方式来使用这些余粮：留作种子，留作预防恶劣天气影响的保障举措，以及作为商品卖掉，来改换旧农具和购置化肥给土壤施肥。他可能还需要钱来修筑浇灌沟渠，或在其余方面改良自己的农场。假如没有余粮，农民就不可以自给自足，他就只得变卖部分产业或经过贷款追求额外的资本。自然，他会尽量争取低息贷款，但这类贷款不是常常能够获取的。