动词不定式专项练习

动词不定式专练

动词不定式的基本形式是：to+动词原形，有时可以不用to。否定式是not +(to) + 动词原形。注意：1. 这里的to是不定式符号，本身无词义；2. to本身也可以作为介词使用，eg. look forward to doing sth. 和go to school这里的to 都是介词。

1. 做主语，常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语放在句末，其结构为It+be+adj+(for/of sb)+动词不定式。它表示对某一行为的描述。例如：

早晨读英语有好处。 It is good to read English in the morning.

建立一个自然保护区十分重要。 It is very important to build a nature reserve.

练练吧：

1） 保护濒危动物很重要。 It is very important _____ __________ animals ______ ________.

2） 多做锻炼有好处。It is _____ _____ ________ more exercise.

3） 杀鲸取肉是不正确的。 It is _____ right _____ ________ whales _____ their meat.

4） 想起那些濒危动物让人很难过。 ____ is sad ____ _____ _____ all those animals in danger.

注意：在kind, good, nice, clever 等表示人的品质的形容词后，不用for而用of. 如：

It’s very kind/nice of you to help me. It’s very clever of you to do like that.

1

练练吧：

5) 帮我搬书你真是太好了。 _____ is very kind _____ you _____ carry the books for me.

2. 做宾语。(1) 一些谓语动词后只能用不定式作宾语。表示决定、计划或希望做某事， 常见的有would like, want, hope, wish, plan, like, begin, try, need, forget,remember, agree(同意) learn, choose, refuse, prefer, offer等。

1） 我们需要重新思考一下。 We need ____ ______ ______ it again.

2） 他们决定明年去美国。 They’ve decided ____ _____ to the USA the next year.

3） 我希望见到我在英国的笔友。I hope _____ ______ my friend from the UK.

4） 我想邀请Betty 来参加我的生日派对。I’d like _____ ______ Betty _____ my birthday party

(2) 在find, think后跟不定式作宾语，常用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放在句末。

句型结构为：find/think it +adj +to do sth. 如： I find it easy to read English every day.

5) 你认为用英语对话容易吗？Do you think ____ easy ____ ______ a conversation in English?

3. 做状语。用来修饰句子或动词。表示做某事是为了什么。其逻辑主语要和句子的主语一致。例如： 他早早起床要赶上头班车。 He got up early to catch the first bus. 也可以写作：To catch the first bus, he got up early. 或表原因，常用句型为： I’m happy/ excited/ surprised to do sth. 如：I’m sorry to trouble you. 很抱歉麻烦你。

2

1). 让我们做我们能做的去拯救他们。 Let’s do _____ we can _____ _____ save them.

2). 已经制定新计划来帮助大熊猫。The government has made a new plan ___ _____ ____.

3). 有30多个自然保护区用来保护野生动物。 There are ____ _____ 30 nature reserves _____ _________ the wild animals.

4) 很高兴收到你的来信。I’m happy _____ ______ _______ you.

4. 做定语。 修饰名词或代词，起形容词的作用，放在被修饰词的后面。表示可以派上某种用场。例如 这里没有地方可以停车（没有可以停车的地方）There’s no place to park cars here

1) 我没东西可吃。I have _______ _____ ______.

2) 许多动物没地方可住。 Many animals have no ______ _____ _______ _____.

3) 熊猫能生存的土地越来越少。 Pandas have _____ _____ _____ land ___ _____ _____.

4) 他们没有干净的水可以和。They don’t have clean water ____ ______.

5) 你想要一些喝的东西吗？ Would you like ________ _____ _________?

5. 做补语(宾语补足语)。 表示某一事物的属性。 如这个问题很难回答。This question is hard to answer. 这些苹果不好吃。These apples are not good to eat. 这个房间住起来很舒服。 This room is comfortable to live in. 或作为一些固定词组来记。如ask /tell /invite/ advise/teach/want/help/like/need/warn(警告)/wish/ sb to do sth 和在make, let, see, hear, watch 等使役、感官动词后，不定式省略to

3

1) 英语学起来不容易。 English is not easy _____ _______.

2) 这工作很难完成。 The work is hard ______ __________.

3) 这个沙发坐起来很舒服。 The sofa is comfortable ____ ______ _____.

4）妈妈想让我每天喝杯牛奶。Mum wants me _____ _______ a glass of milk a day.

5) 不要让我做这做那，我太累了。Don’t make me _____ this or that. I’m too tired.

6) 告诉他们不要再街上打球。 Tell them ____ ____ ______ football in the street.

6. 做表语. 位于系动词之后，表示某事或某物怎么样。如 你今天的任务就是把教室打扫干净。 Your duty today is to clean the classroom. 令人惊讶的是听到那么多动物面临危险。 The surprising thing is to hear how many animals are in danger.

1) 我的任务是把这些邮件发出去。 My duty is _____ ______ these emails out.

2) 最让我吃惊的是听到那么多动物都面临危险。 ______ _______ surprising thing is ____ ______ how many _____ are in danger.

7. 不定式常和疑问词what, which, when, where, how 连用，相当于一个宾语从句。

1）老师正告诉学生做什么。The teacher is telling the students _____ _____ _______.

2) 他不知道去哪里。 He didn’t know ______ _____ _______.

4

想一想 关于动词不定式 你还有哪些不明白的，把它写下来。

完成以下练习来检测一下自己吧。

( )⒈ It is difficult ___work at night. A. to B./ C. to a D. to do

( )⒉ My teacher asked me ____ something about my favorite subject.

A. to tell B. to say C. to speak D. tell

( )3. I'm too tired, let's ____ out.

A. go B. not go C. not to go D. don't go

( )4. You'd better ____ go out tonight. There's going to be a storm.

A. not to B. not C. / D. don't

( )5. It’s a good habit ____ breakfast every day.

A. had B. has C. have D. to have

( )6. He’s too old ___ the box.

A. to carry B. carrying C. carry D. carries

( )7. –Do you know Neil Armstrong? ---Yes. He’s the first man____ on the moon. 5

A. walk B. walks C. to walk D. walked

( )8. ---Is Jack in the library? ---Maybe. I saw him ____ out with some books just now.

A. going B. go C. to go D. went

( )9. ---Dad, why should I stop _____ computer games? ---For your health, I’m afraid you ___

A. to play; must B. playing; have to C. to play; can D. playing; may

( ) 10. ---Why did you buy a radio? ---_____ English.

A. learn B. learning C. to learn D. Be learning

( ) 11. –I’m tired these days because of studying for a test.—Why not ___ music? It can make you ____.

A. listen to; to relax B. listen to; relax C. listening to; relax D. listening to; to relax

( )12. –Would you please tell me _____ next? ---Think it over. You’ll find a good way.

A. when to do B. how to do C. what to do D. where to do

( )13. Last week I met my old friend Li Ming but I forgot ____him for his telephone number.

A. ask B. asking C. and ask D. to ask

6

( )14. It’s very nice ___ picture for me.

A. of you to draw B. for you to draw C. for you drawing D. of you drawing

( )15.It took an hour ____ his bike yesterday.

A. to repair B. repaired C. repairing D. repair(修理)

( )16. There’re so many kinds of pens here. I can’t decide ____

A. when to choose B. to choose which C. which to choose

( )17. My job is ___ you Japanese. A. to teach B. teach C. teaches D. taught

( )18.（2008北京）---My brother is ill in hospital.

---I’m sorry __________ that.

A. hear B. hearing C. heard D. to hear

( )19. (2008沈阳)---Would you please tell me _______ next?

---Think it over. You’ll find a good way.

A. when to do B. how to do C. what to do D. where to do

( )20. (2008绍兴)Last weekend I went to the library _______ some books on how to protect

7

environment.

A. to borrow B. borrow C. borrowed D. borrowing

( )21. (2008呼和浩特) She spends much time _______English every day.

A. read B. reading C. to read D. have read

( )22. (2004黑龙江)They preferred ______ in bed rather than _______ horse.

A. to lie, to ride B. lying, riding C. to lie, ride D. lying, ride

( )23.(2004沈阳) Olive was so busy __________ a novel that he ________ to have dinner.

A. reading, forgets B. to read, forgets C. to read, forget D. reading, forgot

( )24. (2006湖南)It took Li an hour ______ his bike yesterday.

A. to repair B. repairing C. repaired D. repair

( )25.(2006乌鲁木齐)---Oh, terrible! I forgot ______ the window. It’s windy.

---Really? Let’s go back home quickly.

A. closing B. to close C. closed D. close

( )26.(2006湖南)---I feel tired and weak.

8

---Why not stop_______?

A. to work B. to go on C. to have a rest D. to having a rest

( )27.(2006天津)It’s important _______ the piano well.

A. of him to play B. for him to play C. of him playing D. for him playing

( )28.(2006，徐州)Don’t make me ______ this or that. I’m too busy!

A. to do B. do C. doing D. Done

( )29.(2007长沙)Our parents often tell us not ______ alone in the river in summer.

A. swim B. to swim C. swimming

( )30.(2008吉林)Tell him_______ tomorrow, OK?

A. come B. to come C. comes D. is coming

9