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全国高考英语 试题分类汇编 名词

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批扯州址走市抄坝学校【】2021-高考英语试题分类

汇编:名词

2021卷,27

Teachers have to constantly update their knowledge in order to maintain their

professional _____.

D.intelligence

A.consequence 答案C

B.independence C.competence

考点考查名词的辨义。

解析句意为 “教师要不断地更他们的知识以便保持专业上的称职。〞consequence后果,结果;independence;competence能力,胜任,称职;intelligence智力, 智慧; 理解力。根据句意选C。

2021卷,26The lack of eco-friendly habits among the public is thought to be a major of

global climate change.

A.result B.cause C.warning D.reflection 答案B

考点考查名词的辨义。

解析句意为“公众缺乏对生态环境的习惯被认为是全球气候变化的主要原因。〞result结果;cause原因;warning警告;reflection反映。cause与global climate change存在着因果关系,应选B。

Anyway, I can’t cheat him—it’s against all my ____.

2021卷,18

A. emotions B. principles C. regulations D. opinions 答案B

考点考查名词的辨义。

解析句意为“不管怎样,我不能欺骗他—这违反我的原那么。〞emotion情绪;principle原那么,准那么;regulation规,规那么;opinions意见。根据句意选B。

Always remember to put such dangerous things as knives out of children’s

2021卷,13 .

A.touch B.sight C.reach D.distance 答案C

考点考查名词的辨义。

解析句意为“时刻记住:这些危险物品,比方刀子,要放在孩子们够不着的地方。〞out of touch不

联系,不接触;out of sight看不见, 在视野之外;out of reach手够不着, 达不到;out of distance远离=far away。根据前面的交代的危险品,选C。

2021卷,21“Tommy, run! Be quick! The house is on fire!〞 the mother shouted, with______ clearly in her voice.

A . anger B. rudeness C. regret D. panic 答案D

考点考查名词的辨义。

解析句意为“Tommy,快跑!快点!房子着火了!〞母亲大声叫喊,嗓音里夹杂这明显的惊慌。〞anger生气;rudeness粗鲁;regret懊悔;panic惊慌,慌乱。根据句意选D。

2021卷,22Giving up my job to go back to full-time education was a big________, but now I

know it was the best decision I ever made.

A. project B. commitment C. competition D. ambition 答案B

考点考查名词的辨义。

解析句意为“当初放弃我的工作重接受全日制的是个了不起的决,现在我知道那是我作出的最好的决。〞

project工程, 方案, 方案, 课题;commitment 承诺,许诺,保证;competition比赛,竞争;ambition抱负,雄心,野心。commitment与后面的decision相呼,应选B。

2021卷,30When asked about their opinions about the schoolmaster, many teachers would prefer

to see him step aside _________ younger men.

A. in terms of B. in need of C. in favor of D. in praise of 答案C

考点考查名词的辨义。

解析句意为“当被问到对于校长的看法时,许多老师都愿意看到他靠边站为更年轻的人让路。〞in terms of就而论;in need of需要;in favor of赞成;in praise of表扬,赞扬。

2021卷31What’s the_____, in your opinion, of helping him if he doesn’t make an effort to help himself?

A.sympathy B.theme C.object D.point 答案D

考点考查名词的辨义。

解析sympathy同情,theme 主题,object 物体,point意义。句意为你认为如果他没有作出努力去帮助自己而去帮助他的意义是什么?选D。

2021卷,34There’s a _____ in our office that when it’s somebody’s birthday, they bring

in a cake for us all to share.

A. tradition B. balance C. concern D. relationship

答案A

考点考查名词的辨义。

解析句意为“我们办公室有个传统:轮到某个人的生日时,他就带蛋糕来与分享。〞tradition传统;

balance平衡;concern关心;relationship关系,联系。somebody 与they相照,说明不止一次,因此用tradition作答案。

We’d better discuss everything _______ before we work out the plan.

2021卷,32

A.in detail B.in general C.on purpose D.on time 答案A

考点考查名词的辨义。

解析句意为“我们最好先详细地讨论好一切,然后再制方案。〞in detail详细地;in general一般而言, 总的来说;on purpose成心地;on time准时。根据句意,先讨论后方案,选A。 【举一反三】【•一中高三上学期期中考试】

To play better, all the players have to know their ___________ and weaknesses. A. techniques B. strengths C. benefits D. values

【答案】B strengths and weaknesses“优势和劣势〞是固搭配,直接选择B项。

【2021卷】7. Your as a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of reflecting on how you learn.

D. character

A. operation 7.【考点】名词

【答案】C

B. growth C. performance

【解析】根据句意:作为一个学生,你的学习〔performance〕会很棒的如果你能够养成对所学的的东西进行反思的话。operation操作、手术;growth增长;character人物、角色,均不符合语境,故排除。

【难度】偏小

【2021卷】29. It is important to have your eyes examined regularly to check for any sign of eye

disease that may not have any ________.

D. shadow

A. symptom B. similarity 29. A【命题立意】考查名词辨析。难度中。

C. sample

【解题思路】句意为:期检查眼睛看看是否有眼疾病症很重要。A项意为“病症〞,符合句意;B项意为“类似〞,C项意为“样本〞,D项意为“阴影〞,都与语意不符。

【2021卷】30. The officer insisted that Michael did not follow the correct ________ in applying for a visa.

D. perspective

A. pattern B. procedure C. program

30. B名词辨析。难度较易。

【解题思路】句意为:这位官员坚持认Michael没有按照正确的程序申请签证。B项意为“程序〞,符合句意;A项意为“〞,C项意为“节目〞,D项意为“远景〞,都与语意不符。 【2021卷】21. — Can I help you with it?

— I appreciate your ______ , but I can manage it myself.

C. offer D. idea

A. advice B. question

21. 【考点】名词词义辨析 【答案】C

【解析】句意为:——我可以帮你吗?——我感谢你的提议 “offer〞,但我自己能设法做的。offer意为“提议〞,符合题意。A意为“建议,劝告〞;B意为“问题〞;D意为“想法,主意〞。 【难度】一般

【2021卷】29.You’d better write down the phone number of that restaurant for future .

D.memory

A.purpose B.reference C.progress

29答案:B考点:考察词义辨析

解析:你最好写下这个餐馆的号码以便日后参考用。

for future reference是一个常用词组搭配,表示“以供日后参考〞。

【2021卷】15. He will come to understand your efforts sooner or later. It’s just a matter of _____.

A. luck B. value C. time D. fact

15.【答案与解析】 C 此题考查名词辨析。句意为:他迟早会渐渐理解你付出的努力的。这只是个时间的问题。根据句意选C。

【2021II】19. The Harry Potter books are quite popular; they are in great ______ in this city. A. quantity B. progress C. production D. demand

【答案】D

【解析】此处quantity数量;progress进步; production生产;demand要求。这里be in great demand意为:需求量很大,畅销。句意:<哈利波特>很受欢送;在这个城市有很大的需求量。 【考点位】考查名词词义辨析。

3【2021卷】You were working too hard. You’d better keep a ________between work and relaxation. 【C】

A.

balance

promise D. diary

B. lead C.

1. (高考英语卷) 21. Poetry written from the ______ of the urban youth tends to reveal their anxiety over a lack of sense of belonging.

A. perspective B. priority C. participation D. privilege 【答案】A。

【解析】此题考查词汇和句意的理解。perspective 观点,看法; 角度;priority优先,优先权;participation n. 参加,参与 ;privilege n. 特权 ,权益;结构:written from…在充当后置语。 【句意】从城市青年的角度来写的诗歌更加倾向于揭示他们在缺乏归属感上的焦虑。

2. (高考英语卷) 22. Carbon dioxide, which makes a ______ between us and the sun, prevents heat from getting out of the atmosphere easily, so the earth is becoming warmer. A. difference B. comparison C. connection D. barrier 【答案】D。

【解析】此题考查词汇和句意的理解。difference 差异,差异 ;comparison 比拟,对照 ; connection 连接 ; 联系,关系 ; barrier 障碍 ; 屏障 ;此题中有一个which引导的非限制性义从句,一个短语prevents …from…

【句意】二氧化碳在我们与太阳之间的形成了一道屏障,它可以防止热量轻易逃离大气层,因此地球变得越来越暖。

3. (高考英语卷) 30. An artist who was recently traveling on a ferry to the southern island discovered ______ a long lost antique Greek vase.

A. at random B. by chance C. in turn D. on occasion 【答案】B。

【解析】此题考查短语和句意的理解。at random任意地,随便地;by chance偶然地,意外地;无意之中;碰巧;in turn轮流地;相地;on occasion有时, 间或。

【句意】一个艺术家最近乘坐渡轮到那个岛屿旅游,他无意之中竟然发现失传已久的古希腊花瓶。 4. (高考英语卷) 33. With inspiration from other food cultures, American food culture can take a _______ for the better.

A. share B. chance C. turn D. lead 【答案】C。

【解析】此题考查固短语在语境中的使用。A. take a share分担……,为……出力 B. take a chance冒险 C. take a turn转弯,转;〔情况、形势〕转变 D. take a lead领先,带头。根据本句,for the better的提示,可见是讲转变,变得更好,所以选C。

【句意】有了源于其他食品文化的灵感,饮食文化可以变得更好。

5. (高考英语卷) 22.

Whenever I made mistakes, the teacher pointed them out with ______.

D. patience

A. curiosity 【答案】D。

B. satisfaction C. envy

【解析】考查with+名词搭配的介宾短语。A. with curiosity好奇地;B. with satisfaction满意地;C. with envy羡慕地;D. with patience耐心地。

【句意】无论什么时候我犯了错,老师总是耐心地给我指出来。

6. (高考英语卷) 23. The accident caused some______ to my car, but it’s nothing serious. A. harm B. injury C. ruin D. damage 【答案】D。

【解析】此题考查名词词义辨析。A. harm伤害,害处 B. injury意外伤害 C. ruin消灭〔不可修复〕;废墟D. damage破坏,损坏〔可以修复〕。根据后一句it’s nothing serious,可知造成的破坏不严重,可以修复。所以选D。

【句意】这次事故对我的造成了一些损坏,但并不严重。

7. (高考英语卷) 7. While she was in Paris, she developed a ________ for fine art. A. way B. relation C. taste D. habit 【答案】C。

【解析】此题考查名词的词义辨析。A项way意为“方式、方法〞;B项relation意为“关系,联系〞;C项taste意为“品位,鉴赏〞,符合句意;而D项意为“习惯〞。 【句意】当她在巴黎时,培养了自己鉴赏精美艺术品的品位。

8. (高考英语卷) 4. As the world’s population continues to grow, the ______ of food becomes more and more of a concern.

A. worth B. supply C. package D. list 【答案】B。

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。worth价值,package包装,list,清单, supply供,与语境“人口增长〞相对的是“粮食供〞

【句意】随着人口继续增长,食物的供变得越来越受关注。

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