四川省成都市蓉城名校联盟2020-2021学年高二下学期开学考试英语试题(含答案解析)

学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、阅读选择

Antarctica

One of the most remote destinations on the planet, Antarctica is not an easy (or affordable) endeavor. Perhaps the difficulty is part of the attraction — the seventh continent remains on the top of many travelers' wish lists. The striking white desert, with its dramatic, snowy peaks and vibrant turquoise waters, as well its exotic wildlife, including Emperor penguins and Weddell seals, is truly a once-in-a-lifetime experience.

Hawaii

Hawaii is underrated. To be sure, it is a gorgeous place, with breathtaking sunrises and sunsets, and every beach seemingly prettier than the next, but its beauty goes much deeper than its preternatural appearance. Extraordinary beaches — some even boast black and green sand (Papakolea Beach and Punalu'u Beach, respectively) — have their expected appeal, but visitors who take time to venture out and away from the coast quickly discover Hawaii's charms are everywhere.

Canada

Skiing, surfing, hiking and Northern-lights sighting. Eclectic cuisine, world-class shopping, a diverse and rich culture. This is Canada. The 13 provinces and territories that make up the world's second-largest country by total area. It has something wonderful for every type of traveler. Nature lovers take solace in mountains, glaciers, waterfalls and Atlantic or Pacific coastlines while sophisticated palates nosh at Michelin-starred restaurants and hole-in-the-wall mainstays alike.

Singapore

Travelers don't want to spend any more time in an airport than they have to. But Singapore's Changi is not an ordinary airport. While the rest of the world was staying at home, Singaporean locals were paying to hang out at Changi, whether it was co-working in one of the lounges or camping alongside the world's tallest indoor waterfall at the Changi Jewel, which opened in 2019.

1．Which place would you like to choose if you are an animal lover?

A．Hawaii. B．Canada. C．Singapore. D．Antarctica.

2．What is special about Canada from the text?

A．It is the second most beautiful place in the world. B．It can almost satisfy all kinds of travelers.

C．It has some extraordinary beaches. D．It attracts many locals.

3．What can tourists do when they stay in Changi?

A．They can appreciate the world's tallest indoor waterfall.

B．They can experience Michelin-starred restaurants.

C．They can decorate the lounges together.

D．They can enjoy world-class shopping.

You should always support your kids and their natural talents. And if you nurture （培养） them, great things will happen. That's what 9-year-old Joe Whale's parents thought when they encouraged their son to keep drawing, even though he got into trouble for doodling （涂鸦） during class.

They sent Joe to an after school art class and his artistic abilities were quickly noticed by those around him. In fact, Joe was invited to decorate the dining room of the "Number 4” restaurant in Shrewsbury, England. Now, Joe is known as The Doodle Boy and has his own website, as well as social media pages showing off his awesome art.

According to Greg, Joe's dad, his son has always loved drawing and "was added to the Gifted register in primary school aged 4”. Greg also mentioned how long it took Joe to finish his drawings on the dining room walls in the restaurant. "Joe spent about 12 hours illustrating the wall."

What's more, Greg had some advice for parents who want to encourage their kids to develop their talents: "I would advise parents to encourage their children to always follow their passion and dreams - research local workshops or groups within your local community."

Joe's teacher recognized his talent and posted his work on Instagram. His drawings caught the eye of the "Number 4" restaurant which asked him to come over and decorate their walls with his doodles. Now, his dad drives him there so he can draw his heart out. Who knew that drawing in an after-class program would lead Joe to get his first job at barely 9 years old?

4．What made Joe get into trouble in his class?

A．Supported other naughty children.

B．Left school to find his parents.

C．Drew pictures in the class.

D．Decorated the classroom.

5．What is Greg's suggestion?

A．To force the children to stay at school all day long.

B．To offer enough support for the children's dream.

C．To talk with the children's teacher actively.

D．To send the children to the local restaurant.

6．Why did the “Number 4" restaurant adopt Joe's drawings?

A．Joe was famous in the community.

B．Joe's teacher recommended Joe to the restaurant.

C．Joe has his website looked through by the restaurant.

D．Joe's works got attention from the “Number 4" restaurant.

7．Who is the text mainly addressed to?

A．Parents.

B．Children.

C．Teachers.

D．Restaurant owners.

Researchers studied a group of black-legged kittiwakes that nest in an abandoned radar tower on Middleton Island, Alaska. They attached GPS-accelerometers onto kittiwakes to track their flight performance and discovered that they sometimes travel as far as 155 miles (250 kilometers) a day to find food.

By combining data from the GPS tracker with minute muscle samples from some of the birds, the researchers found that — despite beating their wings less frequently — birds with larger muscle fibers were able to fly as fast as those with smaller fibers. The team also found that birds that flew faster had a higher number of nuclei — which produce the proteins to power flight — in their muscle cells, allowing the birds to increase more muscle fibers to power their flight.

Athletes exercise to maintain muscle tone. The same may be happening with kittiwakes, with those individuals that exercise the most — that is, fly the most — having better developed muscles than those that move less.

“Past studies have focused on hormone levels, body mass, or levels of red blood cells as a predictor of flight performance. We found that muscle structure and body mass together predict performance, says study coauthor Kyle Elliott, an assistant professor in McGill University's department of natural resource sciences in the Bieler School of Environment.

“With the data from the GPS-accelerometers, we can understand a lot about these birds, like where they're going to find food, how fast they're flying, and how frequently they're beating their wings in flight," says Kristen Lalla, the first author of the paper, which she co-wrote as an undergraduate student under Elliott's guidance. “In the past, one of the challenges of measuring muscle structure in small birds was that it usually requires dissecting (解剖)the muscle."

8．What do the first two paragraphs tell us about kittiwakes?

A．They nest in an abandoned Island of Alaska.

B．With smaller muscle fibers, they can fly faster.

C．They often travel as far as 250 kilometers a day.

D．Muscle fibers play an important role in their flight.

9．According to Kyle Elliott, which of the following can predict flight performance?

A．Body mass.

B．Hormone levels.

C．Levels of red blood cells.

D．Muscle structure and body mass.

10．What is the text mainly about?

A．The influential factors of kittiwakes' flight performance.

B．The importance of protecting kittiwakes.

C．The reasons for Kittiwakes flying so far.

D．The process of kittiwakes' flying.

11．From which section of a newspaper may this text appear?

A．Sport. B．Nature. C．Health. D．Entertainment.

The time that cars could go completely driverless is coming “very soon”, according to Jianxiong Xiao, CEO and founder of AutoX, a Shenzhen-based start-up developing autonomous driving technology.

Now, most regulations across various cities in China still require the presence of a safety driver in vehicles, but the company foresees that as more data gets captured over time, that requirement would be reduced, Xiao told CNBC's “Street Signs Asia" on Wednesday.

The autonomous driving tech firm chose to partner with Alibaba's AMAP — a Chinese mapping service provider --- to roll out its RoboTaxi ride hailing service in Shanghai on Monday. AMAP is a "super mobility app" with almost 500 million active monthly users, according to Xiao.

AutoX had received support from Shanghai authorities to roll out a fleet of 100 autonomous ride-hailing cars in Shanghai's Jiading district in September last year.

Earlier this month, AutoX announced that it had set up an 80,000 square feet RoboTaxi operations center in Shanghai to help facilitate (使容易)operations of its driverless fleet, as well as act as a center to collect data from daily operations.

Backed by investors such as Alibaba, Shanghai Motor and Dongfeng Motor, AutoX is one of the players in the trillion U.S. dollar Chinese autonomous driving vehicles market alongside others like DiDi Chuxing.

Xiao said they were working with the technology to ensure the vehicles were "very, very safe" and are carrying out a lot of testing.

Over a hundred vehicles have been arranged on roads daily to obtain enough data needed to validate the software and system, according to Xiao.

He added that the company was also running a hundred times more simulations (模拟)in the car every day, and the “huge amount of data" would help to prove that the vehicles could be used in "full safety".

“Our goal is not to just make (it) as safe as human beings, but going one step forward to really make...a superhuman safety standard; (cars) that (can) drive much safer than any human being ever,“ Xiao said.

12．What will be most required to go driverless according to CEO of AutoX?

A．Traffic regulations. B．Driving technology.

C．Enough data. D．Mapping service.

13．What is the attitude of Shanghai authorities towards driverless technology?

A．Doubtful. B．Optimistic. C．Disappointed. D．Uncertain.

14．Which of the following can replace the underlined word "validate" in paragraph 8?

A．test B．invent C．develop. D．design

15．What can be a suitable title for the text?

A．Driving Technology

B．Science Achievement

C．No Driver in the Future

D．The Development of Driverless

二、七选五

For those who seek a graduate degree overseas, it is recommended to understand some basic requirements before applying for. 16． And learn how to truly qualify yourself.

Develop critical thinking

Critical thinking is the ability to form your unique opinions on something after analyzing rather than totally accepting another person's point of view. It requires knowledge and vision.

17． Look at things from a different perspective.

Carry out academic research

18． This requires not only passive receptivity （接受能力）but also an active spirit of exploration. High school students should be able to find problems, review literature and have the basic hands-on ability to research topics. So it's better to attend academic conferences or programs.

Perform social mission

Many of the top universities in the US are private. A majority of their funds come from social donations, either from successful enterprises （企业）or alumni （校友）.American universities aim to cultivate people with a strong social responsibility. Caring about the disadvantaged, doing volunteer work, participating in animal or environmental protection. 19．

20．

Those who show leadership in teams seem to have more potential （潜力）to be successful in the future. Acting as a team leader in group work, organizing a student association or calling on others to solve practical problems can be good ways to train for becoming a leader.

A．Consider these tips.

B．Improve leadership ability

C．Think and do at the same time

D．Try to think independently and wisely.

E.Your performance will decide your future.

F.These activities will serve as proofs for your social responsibility.

G.The ability to do academic research is an important skill to study overseas.

三、完形填空

The 47-year-oId mum has donated a kidney （肾）to a stranger and part of her liver （肝）to a sick little boy. Sue is even trying to 21 a lung, which would make her the only living person in the world to have made so many 22 donations. She said: "To be able to give someone their 23 back is fantastic. At the moment, giving a lung isn't possible in this country, but I'd love to 24 it."

Sue's first donation was the kidney for a 25 . She explained: "You don't need two kidneys. A lot of people are born with only one. Why not give one to someone who 26 it?” But at that time it was 27 here to give an organ to a stranger. So Sue from Dulwich, south London, who accepts only travel and living expenses, 28 an internet ad saying: " 29 kidney, no conditions attached."

Larry Rosenfield from Colorado in the US 30 the ad. He was 60, suffering from a kidney disease and time was 31 running out. After establishing she was a match for Larry, Sue 32 to the US. "The Colorado hospitals wouldn't 33 me because it was the time of mad cow disease. 34 Larry found a hospital in Wisconsin that would do the operation." Larry is now 73 and leading a full and 35 life.

Now Sue would like to donate a 36 . Several years later, selfless donations became legal in the UK, but not for lung donations so she's planning to go to America 37 .

And she insists her husband Roland, 51, and their 19-year-old son Daniel support her 38 . She said: "Some of my friends don't 39 me, but I'll never regret it. It's about changing lives. It's a great 40

21．A．give away B．give out C．give off D．give back

22．A．impressive B．influential C．selfless D．thoughtful

23．A．time B．life C．energy D．luck

24．A．question B．test C．replace D．do

25．A．friend B．stranger C．workmate D．relative

26．A．admires B．enjoys C．needs D．purchases

27．A．illegal B．informal C．incorrect D．ordinary

28．A．explained B．recorded C．posted D．checked

29．A．common B．cheap C．extra D．free

30．A．received B．answered C．refused D．realized

31．A．nearly B．hardly C．still D．really

32．A．walked B．flew C．ran D．drove

33．A．accept B．ignore C．guarantee D．organize

34．A．Possibly B．Hopefully C．Interestingly D．Fortunately

35．A．anxious B．special C．active D．difficult

36．A．kidney B．liver C．stomach D．lung

37．A．also B．ever C．once D．again

38．A．all the time B．in the way C．by the way D．in the air

39．A．follow B．understand C．praise D．appreciate

40．A．lesson B．tip C．feeling D．smile

四、用单词的适当形式完成短文

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

You may notice just how much food waste we create 41． you often cook at home this year. Even if we are careful not to waste edible food, wastes like potato 42． （skin）, banana peels, and apple cores pile up.

Food waste is a major problem 43．(global), We waste or lose about a third of all the food we grow. There are a lot of wasted resources: Wasting the land on which the food44．(grow), the energy that is used to grow, transport, and process it, wasting water, wasting money and wasting work. On top of it all, landfilling food waste emits the potent greenhouse gas methane (甲烷)，which leads45．climate change.

But a coalition of the world's giant food companies strongly support 46．new initiative (倡议)that aims to tackle this problem. How? By preventing waste whenever we are possible. And by turning what can't47． (prevent) into renewable energy.

Earlier this month, renewables company Vanguard Renewables made an 48． (announce) that it would join Starbucks, Unilever, and Dairy Farmers of America49． (establish) the Farm Powered Strategic Alliance (FPSA). It aims to turn unavoidable food waste into renewable energy by50． (use) on-farm anaerobic digesters. It is high time that we should save food.

五、短文改错

51．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中 共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(\\)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

Since my childhood, I've considered some job I would like to do. First, I wanted to be a singer, that might make me feel happily. Then, when I was in the seven grade, I wanted to be a teacher because I was good at English. When I studied the chemistry in my high school, I reconsidered my goal and decide to be a doctor. There were two reasons for your decision. One was that I was amazing at the fact that a sick person could felt much better after seeing a doctor. And the other was that I wanted help people in need. Finally, I realized my dream of being an English teacher.

六、提纲类作文

52．假定你是李华，得知第32届夏季奥林匹克运动会在招募志愿者，你很感兴趣，想申请。请根据以下要点，给国奥会主席巴赫(Bach) 写一封英文申请信。

内容包括：

1.写信目的；

2,说明个人优势；

3.希望申请成功。

注意：

1.词数100左右;

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

3.参考词汇：第32届夏季奥林匹克运动会；2021 Tokyo Olympic Games

参考答案

1．D

2．B

3．A

【分析】

这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了南极洲、夏威夷、加拿大和新加坡四个旅游目的地的特色。

1．

细节理解题。根据第一段中“The striking white desert, with its dramatic, snowy peaks and vibrant turquoise waters, as well its exotic wildlife, including Emperor penguins and Weddell seals, is truly a once-in-a-lifetime experience.(引人注目的白色荒原，其巨大的雪峰和充满活力的蓝绿色水域，以及奇异的野生动物，包括帝企鹅和威德尔海豹，是真正的一生一次的经历)”可知，如果你是一个动物爱好者，你会选择南极洲。故选D。

2．

细节理解题。根据第三段中“It has something wonderful for every type of traveler.(它为各种类型的旅行者提供了美妙的东西)”可知，加拿大的特别之处在于它几乎可以满足所有类型的旅行者。故选B。

3．

细节理解题。根据最后一段中“While the rest of the world was staying at home, Singaporean locals were paying to hang out at Changi, whether it was co-working in one of the lounges or camping alongside the world's tallest indoor waterfall at the Changi Jewel, which opened in 2019.(当世界上其他人都呆在家里的时候，新加坡本地人却在掏钱到樟宜机场闲逛，要么在休息室里一起工作，要么在2019年开业的樟宜珠宝酒店的世界最高室内瀑布旁露营)”可知，游客在樟宜机场可以欣赏世界上最高的室内瀑布。故选A。

4．C

5．B

6．D

7．A

【分析】

这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过具体实例说明父母应该永远支持孩子和他们的天赋。如果培养他们，伟大的事情将会发生。

4．

细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“That's what 9-year-old Joe Whale's parents thought when they encouraged their son to keep drawing, even though he got into trouble for doodling （涂鸦） during class.”（9岁的乔•威尔的父母在鼓励儿子继续画画时也是这么想的，尽管他在课堂上乱涂乱画会惹上麻烦。）可知，在课堂上画画让乔在班上惹了麻烦。故选C。

5．

细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“I would advise parents to encourage their children to always follow their passion and dreams”（我建议父母鼓励他们的孩子永远追随他们的激情和梦想）可知，格雷格的建议是为孩子们的梦想提供足够的支持。故选B。

6．

细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句His drawings caught the eye of the "Number 4" restaurant which asked him to come over and decorate their walls with his doodles.（他的画引起了“4号”餐厅的注意，餐厅请他过去用他的涂鸦来装饰餐厅的墙壁。）可知，因为乔的作品引起了“4号”餐厅的注意，所以“4号”餐厅采用了乔的画。故选D。

7．

推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“You should always support your kids and their natural talents. And if you nurture （培养） them, great things will happen.”（你应该永远支持你的孩子和他们的天赋。如果你培养他们，伟大的事情将会发生。）可知，这篇文章主要是写给父母们看的。故选A。

8．D

9．D

10．A

11．B

【分析】

本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究人员研究影响三趾鸥飞行性能的因素的实验和结果。

8．

细节理解题。根据第二段“The team also found that birds that flew faster had a higher number of nuclei — which produce the proteins to power flight — in their muscle cells, allowing the birds to increase more muscle fibers to power their flight.”（该研究小组还发现，飞得更快的鸟的肌肉细胞中有更多的细胞核(产生飞行所需蛋白质的细胞核)，这使得鸟可以增加更多的肌肉纤维来为飞行提供动力。）可知，肌肉纤维在它们的飞行中起着重要作用。故选D项。

9．

细节理解题。根据第四段“Past studies have focused on hormone levels, body mass, or levels of red blood cells as a predictor of flight performance. We found that muscle structure and body mass together predict performance”（ 过去的研究主要集中在激素水平、身体质量或红细胞水平上，以此作为飞行性能的预测指标。我们发现肌肉结构和身体质量共同预测表现）可知，肌肉结构和身体质量可以预测飞行性能。故选D项。

10．

主旨大意题。根据第一段“They attached GPS-accelerometers onto kittiwakes to track their flight performance and discovered that they sometimes travel as far as 155 miles (250 kilometers) a day to find food.（他们在三趾鸥身上安装了gps加速计来追踪它们的飞行表现，发现它们有时为了寻找食物每天会飞行155英里(250公里)。）”以及第四段“We found that muscle structure and body mass together predict performance（我们发现肌肉结构和身体质量一起可以预测人们的表现。）”及全文可知，文章在研究影响三趾鸥飞行性能的因素。故选A项。

11．

推理判断题。根据全文可知，文章介绍了研究人员研究影响三趾鸥飞行性能的因素的实验和结果。从而推断这篇文章可能出现在一份报纸中的自然版面。故选B项。

12．C

13．B

14．A

15．D

【分析】

这是一篇新闻报道。文章对无人驾驶技术的发展进行了报道。

12．

细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Now, most regulations across various cities in China still require the presence of a safety driver in vehicles, but the company foresees that as more data gets captured over time, that requirement would be reduced”（现在，中国各个城市的大多数规定仍要求车辆上有安全驾驶员，但该公司预计，随着时间的推移，获取更多数据，这一要求将会减少）可知，AutoX首席执行官表示，实现无人驾驶需要足够的数据。故选C。

13．

推理判断题。根据第四段“AutoX had received support from Shanghai authorities to roll out a fleet of 100 autonomous ride-hailing cars in Shanghai's Jiading district in September last year.”（去年9月，AutoX在上海嘉定区获得上海当局的支持，在上海嘉定区推出了100辆自主驾驶汽车车队）可知，上海有关部门对无人驾驶技术持乐观态度。故选B。

14．

词义猜测题。根据第七段Xiao said they were working with the technology to ensure the vehicles were "very, very safe" and are carrying out a lot of testing.（肖表示，他们正在使用这项技术，以确保车辆“非常非常安全”，并正在进行大量测试）以及画线词后的“he software and system”可知，此处是指获取测试软件和系统所需的足够数据，由此可知画线词词义为“测试”，故选A。

15．

主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段第一句“The time that cars could go completely driverless is coming “very soon””（汽车完全无人驾驶的时代“很快”就会到来）可知，文章是讲无人驾驶技术的发展。故选D。

16．A

17．D

18．G

19．F

20．B

【分析】

这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了对于那些在海外攻读研究生学位的人，在申请之前了解的一些基本要求。

16．

根据下文几个小标题“Develop critical thinking”（培养批判性思维），“Carry out academic research”（开展学术研究），“Perform social mission”（完成社会使命）可知，下文是对申请海外攻读研究生学位提出了几个建议，所以选项A（考虑这些建议）切合文意。故选A。

17．

根据后文“Look at things from a different perspective.”（从不同的角度看问题）和小标题“Develop critical thinking”（培养批判性思维）可知，此处是指对批判性思维的要求，所以选项D（试着独立而明智地思考）切合文意。故选D。

18．

小标题“Carry out academic research”（开展学术研究）对应选项G中的“The ability to do academic research”，此处强调学术研究能力对海外求学的重要性，所以选项G（学术研究能力是出国留学的一项重要技能）切合文意。故选G。

19．

小标题“Perform social mission”（完成社会使命）对应选项F中的“your social responsibility”，同时选项中的These activities 指代前面提到的“Caring about the disadvantaged, doing volunteer work, participating in animal or environmental protection”，所以选项F（这些活动将成为你履行社会责任的证据）切合文意。故选F。

20．

根据后文“Those who show leadership in teams seem to have more potential （潜力）to be successful in the future. ”（那些在团队中表现出领导力的人似乎更有可能在未来取得成功。）可知，本段主要讲的是领导能力，所以选项B（提高领导能力）适合作小标题。故先B。

21．A

22．C

23．B

24．D

25．B

26．C

27．A

28．C

29．D

30．B

31．A

32．B

33．A

34．D

35．C

36．D

37．D

38．A

39．B

40．C

【分析】

这是一篇新闻报道。47岁的Sue热衷于捐赠器官给需要的人，这给了她很棒的感觉，她现在打算再捐赠一个肺。

21．

考查动词短语辨析。句意：苏甚至想捐出一个肺，这将使她成为世界上唯一一个做出如此无私捐赠的在世的人。A.give away赠送；B.give out分发，发出；C.give off发出（光等）；D.give back归还。根据后文“which would make her the only living person in the world to have made so many selfless donations”可知，苏甚至想捐出一个肺。故选A。

22．

考查形容词辨析。句意：苏甚至想捐出一个肺，这将使她成为世界上唯一一个做出如此无私捐赠的在世的人。A.impressive感人的；B.influential有影响的；C.selfless无私的； D.thoughtful深思的。捐献是一种无私行为。故选C。

23．

考查名词辨析。句意：能让别人重新过上他们的生活真是太棒了。A.time时间； B.life生活；C.energy能量；D.luck幸运。捐献器官给别人能够拯救别人的生命，所以能让别人重新过上他们的生活。故选B。

24．

考查动词辨析。句意：目前，在这个国家移植肺是不可能的，但我很乐意这么做。A.question质问；B.test测试； C.replace代替；D.do做。此处it代指移植肺，所以是指她很乐意这么做。故选D。

25．

考查名词辨析。句意：苏的第一次捐赠是给一个陌生人捐赠肾脏。A.friend朋友； B.stranger陌生人；C.workmate工作伙伴；D.relative亲戚。根据前文“The 47-year-oId mum has donated a kidney （肾）to a stranger”（这位47岁的母亲将一个肾脏捐献给了一位陌生人。）可知，苏的第一次捐赠是把肾脏捐献给了一位陌生人。故选B。

26．

考查动词辨析。句意：为什么不给需要它的人呢？A.admires钦佩； B.enjoys喜欢； C.needs需要；D.purchases购买。根据“give one to someone”可知，who代指“someone”，此处是指需要它的人。故选C。

27．

考查形容词辨析。句意：但在当时，向陌生人捐献器官是违法的。A.illegal违法的； B.informal非正式的；C.incorrect不正确的；D.ordinary一般的。根据后文“Several years later, selfless donations became legal in the UK”（几年后，无私的捐赠在英国合法化）可知，在当时的英国向陌生人捐献器官是违法的。故选A。

28．

考查动词辨析。句意：因此，来自伦敦南部达利奇的苏在网上发布了一则广告:“免费捐赠肾脏，不附带任何条件。”她只接受旅行和生活费。A.explained解释； B.recorded记录； C.posted发布；D.checked检查。根据宾语“an internet ad”可知，此处是指在网上发布了一则广告。故选C。

29．

考查形容词辨析。句意：因此，来自伦敦南部达利奇的苏在网上发布了一则广告:“免费捐赠肾脏，不附带任何条件。”她只接受旅行和生活费。A.common平常的； B.cheap便宜的； C.extra额外的；D.free免费的。根据“accepts only travel and living expenses”以及“no conditions attached.”可知，肾脏捐献是免费的。故选D。

30．

考查动词辨析。句意：来自美国科罗拉多州的拉里·罗森菲尔德应征了这则广告。A.received收到；B.answered回应；C.refused拒绝；D.realized实现。根据后文“After establishing she was a match for Larry”（在确定她和拉里匹配之后）可知，来自美国科罗拉多州的拉里·罗森菲尔德应征了这则广告。故选B。

31．

考查副词辨析。句意：他60岁了，患有肾病，时日不多了。A.nearly几乎； B.hardly几乎不；C.still仍然；D.really确实。根据“He was 60, suffering from a kidney disease”可知，他当时已经时日无多。故选A。

32．

考查动词辨析。句意：在确定自己适合拉里之后，苏飞到了美国。A.walked散步； B.flew飞行；C.ran跑步；D.drove驾驶。根据“Sue from Dulwich, south London”可知，Sue在伦敦，而拉里在美国，所以Sue要乘飞机到美国。故选B。

33．

考查动词辨析。句意：科罗拉多的医院不让我入院，因为那是疯牛病流行的时候。A.accept接受；B.ignore忽视；C.guarantee保证；D.organize组织。根据“because it was the time of mad cow disease”可知，因为疫病流行，所以当地的医院并不让她入院。故选A。

34．

考查副词辨析。句意：幸运的是，拉里在威斯康辛州找到了一家可以做手术的医院。A.Possibly可能地；B.Hopefully有希望地；C.Interestingly有趣地；D.Fortunately幸运的是。根据“The Colorado hospitals wouldn't accept me because it was the time of mad cow disease”可知，在疫病流行的时候能找到可以做手术的医院非常幸运。故选D。

35．

考查形容词辨析。句意：拉里现在73岁，过着充实而积极的生活。A.anxious焦虑的； B.special特殊的；C.active积极的；D.difficult困难的。根据“full”可知，Larry现在很健康，所以过着充实而积极的生活。故选C。

36．

考查名词辨析。句意：现在苏想要捐献一个肺。A.kidney肾脏；B.liver 肝脏； C.stomach胃；D.lung肺。根据前文“ Sue is even trying to give away a lung”可知，现在苏想要捐献一个肺。故选D。

37．

考查副词辨析。句意：几年后，无私捐赠在英国合法化，但肺捐赠不合法，所以她计划再次前往美国。A.also也；B.ever曾经；C.once曾经；D.again再次。根据前文“After establishing she was a match for Larry, Sue flew to the US.”可知，她之前去过一次美国，所以现在是计划再次前往美国。故选D。

38．

考查介词短语辨析。句意：她坚持要她51岁的丈夫罗兰和他们19岁的儿子丹尼尔一直支持她。A.all the time一直；B.in the way妨碍；挡道；C.by the way顺便说说，顺便问一下；D.in the air在空中；悬而未决。根据动词insists可知，此处是指她坚持要她51岁的丈夫罗兰和他们19岁的儿子丹尼尔一直支持她。故选A。

39．

考查动词辨析。句意：她说:“我的一些朋友不理解我，但我不会后悔。A.follow追随； B.understand理解；C.praise表扬；D.appreciate欣赏。根据转折词but可知，一些朋友不理解她，但是她不后悔。故选B。

40．

考查名词辨析。句意：这是一种很棒的感觉。A.lesson教训；B.tip建议； C.feeling感觉； D.smile微笑。根据前文“To be able to give someone their life back is fantastic. ”可知，Sue从中获得了很棒的感觉。故选C。

41．if

42．skins

43．globally

44．grows

45．to

46．a

47．be prevented

48．announcement

49．to establish

50．using

【分析】

这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了食物浪费这一全球性问题及其产生的影响和可能的解决办法。

41．

考查状语从句。句意：如果你今年经常在家做饭，你可能会注意到我们制造了多少食物浪费。后一句“you often cook at home this year”是前一句的条件，所以用if引导条件状语从句。故填if。

42．

考查名词的数。句意：即使我们注意不浪费可食用的食物，像土豆皮、香蕉皮、苹果核这样的废物还是成堆。skin为可数名词，此处“土豆皮”为复数。故填skins。

43．

考查副词。句意：食物浪费是一个全球性的大问题。分析可知，此处为副词作状语修饰整个句子。故填globally。

44．

考查时态和主谓一致。句意：有很多资源被浪费了：浪费了种植食物的土地，浪费了用于种植、运输和加工食物的能源，浪费了水，浪费了金钱和工作。分析可知，空处为定语从句的谓语动词，其主语the food为单数，且句子表达的是一般性经常性的状态，所以用一般现在时，注意主谓一致，故填grows。

45．

考查介词。句意：最重要的是，填埋食物垃圾会释放出强大的温室气体甲烷，导致气候变化。lead to为固定短语，意为“导致”，此处to为介词，符合句意。故填to。

46．

考查冠词。句意：但是一个由世界大型食品公司组成的联盟强烈支持一项旨在解决这个问题的新倡议。下文“new initiative that…”表示这是一项新的倡议，为单数，表泛指，且new是以辅音音素开头的词，用不定冠词a。故填a。

47．

考查情态动词的被动语态。句意：通过将无法阻止的东西转化为可再生能源。空处为宾语从句的谓语动词，引导词what在句中作主语，what和prevent之间是被动关系，且根据空前can’t可知，此处为情态动词的被动语态。故填be prevented。

48．

考查名词。句意：本月早些时候，可再生能源公司先锋可再生能源宣布将与星巴克、联合利华和美国奶农共同建立农场动力战略联盟。该空作made的宾语，用名词，make an announcement为固定短语，意为“宣布”，符合句意。故填announcement。

49．

考查非谓语动词。句意：本月早些时候，可再生能源公司先锋可再生能源宣布将与星巴克、联合利华和美国奶农共同建立农场动力战略联盟。分析可知，句子不缺谓语，所以空处为非谓语，要用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to establish。

50．

考查非谓语动词。句意：它的目标是通过使用农场厌氧消化器将不可避免的食物垃圾转化为可再生能源。介词by后面要用动名词，表示“通过……”。故填using。

51．1.job→jobs；

2.that→which；

3.happily→happy；

4.seven→seventh；

5.去掉chemistry前的the；

6.decide→decided；

7.your→my；

8.amazing→amazed；

9.felt→feel；

10.在help前加to

【分析】

这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了“我”从小开始考虑自己的理想职业，后来终于实现了自己做英语老师的愿望。

【详解】

1.考查名词复数。句意：从我小时候起，我就在考虑做一些我想做的工作。job为可数名词，在some后应用复数形式。故将job改为jobs。

2.考查非限制性定语从句。句意：首先，我想成为一名歌手，这可能会让我感到高兴。在非限制性定语从句中，只能用which，不能用that。故将that改为which。

3.考查系动词和形容词。句意：首先，我想成为一名歌手，这可能会让我感到高兴。此处是指“感到高兴”，在系动词feel后应用形容词作表语。故将happily改为happy。

4.考查序数词。句意：然后，当我在七年级的时候，我想成为一名老师，因为我擅长英语。表示年级应用序数词。故将seven改为seventh。

5.考查冠词。句意：当我在高中学习化学时，我重新考虑了我的目标，决定成为一名医生。学科前不需要用冠词。故将chemistry前的the去掉。

6.考查一般过去时。句意：当我在高中学习化学时，我重新考虑了我的目标，决定成为一名医生。根据When I studied the chemistry in my high school可知，此处应用一般过去时。故将decide改为decided。

7.考查人称代词。句意：我的决定有两个原因。根据“When I studied the chemistry in my high school, I reconsidered my goal and decide to be a doctor. ”可知，此处是讲“我”的决定。故将your改为my。

8.考查形容词。句意：一个是我很惊讶一个病人在看完医生后可以感觉好多了。表示“感到惊讶的”应用amazed，amazing意为“令人感到惊讶的”。故将amazing改为amazed。

9.考查情态动词的用法。句意：一个是我很惊讶一个病人在看完医生后可以感觉好多了。情态动词could后应用动词原形。故将felt改为feel。

10.考查固定搭配和to do不定式。句意：另一个是我想帮助需要帮助的人。want to do意为“想要做某事”，为固定搭配。故在help前加to。

52．Dear Bach,

I’m Li Hua, a high school student. Interested in the 2021 Tokyo Olympic Games, I’m writing to apply to be a volunteer in the games.

I feel I have the necessary qualifications for the voluntary job. Above all, I’m a fluent English speaker. Besides, keen on sports, I’m quite familiar with different events. Equally importantly, I previously served as a volunteer several times. As a warm-hearted and unselfish teenager, I do believe I can do the job well if I’m granted a chance.

Any favorable consideration of my application or a personal interview would be appreciated. I’m looking forward to your early reply. (117w)

Yours sincerely,

Li Hua

【分析】

本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给国奥会主席巴赫（Bach）写一封英文申请信，申请成为第32届夏季奥林匹克运动会在志愿者。

【详解】

第一步：审题

体裁：应用文

时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时,少量一般过去时。

结构：总分总法

要求：

1.写信目的；

2,说明个人优势；

3.希望申请成功。

第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）

apply to；above all；be keen on；be familiar with；serve as ；look forward to

第三步：连词成句

1. Interested in the 2021 Tokyo Olympic Games, I’m writing to apply to be a volunteer in the games.

2. I feel I have the necessary qualifications for the voluntary job.

3. Above all, I’m a fluent English speaker. Besides, keen on sports, I’m quite familiar with different events.

4. Equally importantly, I previously served as a volunteer several times.

5. As a warm-hearted and unselfish teenager, I do believe I can do the job well if I’m granted a chance.

6. Any favorable consideration of my application or a personal interview would be appreciated.

7. I’m looking forward to your early reply.

根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。

第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）

1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally(供参考)

2.表并列补充关系：Besides

3.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result(供参考)

连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，

【点睛】

[高分句型1] Besides, keen on sports, I’m quite familiar with different events.(形容词短语keen on作状语)

[高分句型2] As a warm-hearted and unselfish teenager, I do believe I can do the job well if I’m granted a chance.(if引导条件状语从句)