语言学考试
1。 The study of language development over a period of time is generally termed as _____linguistics。
A。applied B.diachronic C。comparative D。syncronic
2。The structural approach to the analysis of language was started by __________。。
A.Bloomfield B。Saussure C。Chomsky D。 J.Searle
3. Which of the following sounds is a voiceless bilabial stop?
A。[p] B。[m] C。[b] D。[t]
4。 The words“make”and “bus” are called _________because they can occur unattached。
。A。 detivational morphemes B.inflectional morphemes
C.bound morphemes D。free morphemes
5。 The pair of words “lend” and “borrow” are__________。
A。gradable antonymy B.converse antonymy C。synonyms D。co—hyponyms
6。 The semantic components of the word “man” can be expressed as _________.
A.+animate,+human,+male,-adult B。+animate,+human,-male,-adult
C.+animate,+human,+male,+adult D.-animate,+human,-male,-adult
7. What kind of function does the sentence “How do you do?” have ?
A。Directive B.Phatic C.Informative D.Evocative
8。 Nouns,verbs and adjectives can be classified as___________.
A。lexical words B.grammatical words C.function words D.form words
9。 What is the construction of the sentence “The boy smiled"?
A.Exocentric B。Endocentric C。Coordinate D.Subordinate
10。 The branch of linguistics that studies meaning of language in context is called ____________
A。semantics B。sociolinguistics C.pragmatics D。psycholinguistics
II.Fill in the blanks with the most suitable words。Each blank represents one word。(20%)
1. Of all the speech organs,the ___________ is the most flexible.
2。 In producing the English vowels,the air stream coming up from the lungs meets with no_______in whatsoever manner.
3。 A person who studies linguistics is usually referred to as a_________。
4。 A linguistic study is _________ if it describes and analyses facts observed,it is _______if it tries to lay down rules for “correct” behavior。
A。semantics B.sociolinguistics C.pragmatics D.psycholinguistics
5。 Not all the sounds occur in the same environment。 When two sounds never occur in the same enviromnent, they are said to be in the ____________ distribution.
6。 _________morphemes are attached to words,but they never change their syntactic category.
7。 The description of a language at some point in time is a __________study。
8. _________ is a high back lax rounded vowel.
9. According to Chomsky,________structure explains the meaning of a sentence。
III.Tell true statements from false. Write T for true and F for false ones。(10%)
1。 A labeled tree diagram is often employed by grammarians to show semantic relations between and among words and phrases。。
2. [f] is a dental consonant。
3. “Will be leaving”is an endocentric construction。
4. Of all the design features of the human language,displacement is the most important.
5。 The word “ungentlemanliness" has five morphemes
6。 “Mary has been to Europe” presupposes “Mary has been to abroad".
7. The CP Principle,put forward by P。Grice, has four maxims,for writing as well as speaking.
8. Linguistic competence is a language user’s underlying knowledge about the system of rules。.
9。 Phonology is a branch of linguistics which studies the sentence patterns of a language.
10。 The different members of a phoneme, sounds which are phonetically different but do not make a different word, are phones。
V.Answer the following questions.(30%)
1。What is the main idea of J。Austin‘s theory?
2.Discuss the four main design features of language。
3.Explain the three main sub-types of antonymy by using examples。
4。What is the difference between derivational morpheme and inflectional morpheme?
5.Sentences are believed to be both linearly and hierarchically structured.Tree diagrams are often used to illustrate such structures。 Draw a tree diagram for the following statement:
The angry manager fired two waiters from the restaurant.
因篇幅问题不能全部显示,请点此查看更多更全内容