2018年MBA管理类英语真题及答案解析

2018年MBA管理类英语真题及答案解析SectionIUseofEnglishDirections：Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)WhydopeoplereadnegativeInternetcommentsanddootherthingsthatwillobviouslybepainful?Becausehumanshaveaninherentneedto1uncertainty,accordingtoarecentstudyinPsychologicalScience.Thenewresearchrevealsthattheneedtoknowissostrongthatpeoplewill2tosatisfytheircuriosityevenwhenitiscleartheanswerwill3.Inaseriesoffourexperiments,behavioralscientistsattheUniversityofChicagoandtheWisconsinSchoolofBusinesstestedstudents'willingnessto4themselvestounpleasantstimuliinanefforttosatisfycuriosity.Forone5eachparticipantwasshownapileofpensthattheresearcherclaimedwerefromapreviousexperiment.Thetwist?Halfofthepenswould6anelectricshockwhenclicked.Twenty-sevenstudentsweretoldwhichpenswereelectrified;anothertwenty-sevenweretoldonlythatsomewereelectrified7leftaloneintheroom,thestudentswhodidnotknowwhichoneswouldshockthemclickedmorepensandincurredmoreshocksthanthestudentswhoknewwhatwould8.Subsequentexperimentsreproducedthiseffectwithotherstimuli,9thesoundoffingernailsonachalkboardandphotographsofdisgustinginsects.Thedriveto10isdeeplyrootedinhumans,muchthesameasthebasicdrivesfor11orshelter,saysChristopherHseeoftheUniversityofChicago.Curiosityisoftenconsideredagoodinstinct-itcan12newscientificadvances,forinstance-butsometimessuch13canbackfire.Theinsightthatcuriositycandriveyoutodo14thingsisaprofoundone.Unhealthycuriosityispossibleto15,however.Inafinalexperiment,participantswhowereencouragedto16howtheywouldfeelafterviewinganunpleasantpicturewerelesslikelyto17toseesuchanimage.Theseresultssuggestthatimaginingthe18offollowingthroughonone'scuriosityaheadoftimecanhelpdetermine19itisworththeendeavor.Thinkingaboutlong-term20iskeytoreducingthepossiblenegativeeffectsofcuriosity."Hseesays.Inotherwords,don'treadonlinecomments.A.resolve2.A.refuse3.A.rise4.A.alert5.A.message6.A.remove7.A.UnlessB.protectB.waitB.lastB.tieB.trialB.weakenB.IfC.discussC.seekC.misleadC.exposeC.reviewC.deliverC.ThoughD.ignoreD.regretD.hurtD.treatD.conceptD.interruptD.When18.A.happenB.continueC.disappearD.change9.A.ratherthan10.A.disagree11.A.payB.suchasB.forgiveB.marriageC.regardlessofD.owingtoC.forgetC.foodD.discoverD.schooling12.A.beginwithB.restonC.learnfromD.leadto13.A.withdrawalB.inquiryC.persistenceD.diligence14.A.self-destructiveB.self-reliantC.self-evidentD.self-deceptive15.A.resistB.define16.A.predictB.overlook17.A.rememberB.choose18.A.relief19.A.whetherB.planB.whyC.replaceC.designC.promiseC.outcomeC.whereD.traceD.concealD.pretendD.dutyD.howC.strategiesB.investmentsD.consequences20.A.limitations1.A解析：句首作者提出疑问，“为什么人们会读互联网的负面评论和明显很让人伤心的其它事情呢？”随后作者给出答案，“因为人们都有___不确定性的内在需求”。[A]解决[B]保护[C]讨论[D]忽视，根据动宾搭配关系，解决不确定性搭配合理。2.C解析：本题考查动介词搭配。根据原文语境，需要选择一个动词和后面的“to”连用。[A]拒绝做...[B]等待做...[C]寻求，力求做...[D]后悔做...结合文意“人们要___满足他们的好奇心”来判断，正选为[C]寻求，力求做。3.D解析：根据原文语境，“painful,uncertainty”均为消极词汇。4.C解析：固定搭配考查。根据原文语境，考查短语____sbtosth意为“让某人承受某事”。因此，C选项为正选。5.B解析：根据上文，第二段句首提到inaseriesoffourexperiments,说明是在“实验”的语境。结合四个选项，[A]信息[B]实验[C]复习[D]观念，只有B选项和段落语境相符合。因此为正选。6.C解析：动宾搭配。结合语境，“当点击的时候，一半的钢笔会____电流。”根据动宾搭配，本题需要一个动词来搭配电流，考查四个选项，[A]移除[B]削弱[C]传递[D]打扰A选项更符合语境。7.D解析：时间状语的考查。结合语境，“___被独自留在房间，学生会....”,因此，这是一个非常明显的时间状语从句。正选为D.A解析：动词辨析。结合原文语境，由who引导的定语从句修饰前面的学生，而在定语从句中，又出现由what引导的宾语从句。结合宾语从句的含义，“知道接下来会发生什么”更符合语境。9.B2解析：结合语境，后面语境为并列关系，因此此题应填举例子。B为正选。10.D解析：Discover与上文中的Curiosity相对应。11C解析：本词与后文的Basicdrives的详细说明。与shelter一样都属于人类的基本需求。12D解析：破折号的内容是对前文instinct的解释。说明这种本能能够促进新的科学发展，属于因果关系。13.B解析：跟前文的drives相对应。14.A解析：本题与前文的backfire相对应，都属于贬义词。15.A解析：从后文的试验中，参与者应该被鼓励参与，因此跟前文的坚持相对应。16.A解析：通过后文的after能看出这个事情并没有发生，因此填预测。17.B解析：动宾搭配。18：C解析：of引导的后置定语。由一个人的好奇心所带来的结果。19：A解析：whether引导宾语从句。20：D解析：关联对应，对应18题的outcome.SectionⅡReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.（40points）Text1ItiscuriousthatStephenKoziatekfeelsalmostasthoughhehastojustifyhiseffortstogivehisstudentsabetterfuture.Mr.Koziatekispartofsomethingpioneering.HeisateacherataNewHampshirehighschoolwherelearningisnotsomethingofbooksandtestsandmechanicalmemorization,butpractical.Whendiditbecomeacceptedwisdomthatstudentsshouldbeabletonamethe13thpresidentoftheUnitedStatesbutbeutterlyoverwhelmedbyabrokenbikechain?AsKoziatekknows,thereislearninginjustabouteverything.Nothingisnecessarilygainedbyforcingstudentstolearngeometryatagraffitieddeskstuck3withgenerationsofdiscardedchewinggum.Theycanalsolearngeometrybyassemblingabicycle.Buthe’salsofoundakindofinsidiousprejudice.Workingwithyourhandsisseenasalmostamarkofinferiority.Schoolsinthefamilyofvocationaleducation“havethatstereotype,thatit’sforkidswhocan’tmakeitacademically,”hesays.Ononehand,thatviewpointisalogicalproductofAmerica’sevolution.Manufacturingisnottheeconomicenginethatitoncewas.ThejobsecuritythattheUSeconomyonceofferedtohighschoolgraduateshaslargelyevaporated.Moreeducationisthenewprinciple.Wewantmoreforourkids,andrigitfullyso.Buttheheadlongpushintobachelor’sdegreesforall-andthesubtledevaluingofanythingless-missesanimportantpoint:That’snottheonlythingtheAmericaneconomyneeds.Yes,abachelor’sdegreeopensmoredoors.Butevennow,54percentofthejobsinthecountryaremiddle-skilljobs,suchasconstructionandhigh-skillmanufacturing.Butonly44percentofworkersareadequatelytrained.Inotherwords,atatimewhentheworkingclasshasturnedthecountryonitspoliticalhead,frustratedthattheopportunitythatoncedefinedAmericaisvanishing,oneobvioussolutionisstaringusintheface.Thereisagapinworking-classjobs,buttheworkerswhoneedthosejobsmostaren’tequippedtodothem.Koziatek’sManchesterSchoolofTechnologyHighSchoolistryingtofillthatgap.Koziatek’sschoolisawake-upcall.Wheneducationbecomesone-size-fits-all,itrisksoverlookinganation’sdiversityofgifts.Abrokenbikechainismentionedtoshowstudents’lackof______.A.mechanicalmemorizationB.academictrainingC.practicalabilityD.pioneeringspirit22.Thereexiststheprejudicethatvocationaleducationisforkidswho______.A.arefinanciallydisadvantagedB.arenotacademicallysuccessfulC.haveastereotypedmindD.havenocareermotivation23.WecaninferfromParagraph5thathighschoolgraduates______.A.areentitledtomore“educationalprivilegesB.arereluctanttoworkinmanufacturingC.usedtohavemorejobopportunitiesD.usedtohavebigfinancialconcerns24.Theheadlongpushintobachelor’sdegreesforall_____.A.helpscreatealotofmiddle-skilljobsB.maynarrowthegapinworking-classjobsC.isexpectedtoyieldabetter-trainedworkforceD.indicatestheovervaluingofhighereducation25.Theauthor’sattitudetowardKoziatek’sschoolcanbedescribedas_____.A.supportiveB.disappointed4C.tolerantD.cautious21.答案Cpracticalability这是一道细节题，根据题干关键词可定位至第二段最后一句话,意思是”什么时候这种观点变得可接受了呢？学生应该能够说出美国第十三任总统的名字，但是却完全对坏了的自行车链束手无策”。从作者使用问句的形式就可判断出作者并不接受这种观点，即学生只学会书本上的知识而不具备实际能力。再结合上一句话即本段第二句话，MrKoziatek是NewHampshire高中的一名老师，在这所学校，学习不只是书本上的知识，或者是为了考试，也不是为了机械化的记忆，而是为了实际的技能。能看出，作者认为学生们缺少的是实际技能，所以答案是Cpracticalability.答案Barenotacademicallysuccessful这是一道具体细节题，根据题干关键词职业教育对孩子存在的偏见可定位至第四段最后一句，意思是“在很多职业化教育的学校中，有这样一种老套的思想，那就是，职业教育是针对那些在学术上不能成功的那些孩子的。”根据这句话可确定答案就是Barenotacademicallysuccessful。其他选项均不符合文意。23．答案Cusedtohavemorejobopportunities这是一道细节推断题，根据题干第五段和highschoolgraduates回到原文定位致第五段第三句，说到美国经济曾经提供给高中毕业生的那种thejobsecurity已经在很大程度上evaporated也就是消失了，那说明过去的时候高中毕业生是有职业安全感的，故选C，其他选项都不在定位处，可以排除。24.答案Dindicatetheovervaluingofhighereducation这是一道事实细节题，根据题干内容“theheadlongpush”找到出处是第六段开头But后，发现后面还有一个and...和其并列，所以主要关注对这两部分的评价，后面有明显的标点：冒号出现，冒号后说thatisnottheonlythingtheAmericaneconomyneeds.可以看出这句话对前面的否定，选项中只有D选项动词overvalue是负面词，而且提到主题词education。故选D。这道题最适合用感情色彩来排除与D相反的其他三个选项。25.答案Asupportive这是一道态度题，放在最末的态度题更倾向于到最后一段找答案。通过定位词Koziatek’sschool看到最后一段也确实提到了，说它是一个wake-upcall。也就是在唤醒人们教育不应该是统一的形式，这样会overlookinganation’sdiversityofgifts，也就是忽视人才的差异性。所以可以看出作者是支持的态度。Text2Whilefossilfuels-coal,oil,gas-stillgenerateroughly85percentoftheworld'senergysupply,it'sclearerthaneverthatthefuturebelongstorenewablesourcessuchaswindandsolar.Themovetorenewablesispickingupmomentumaroundtheworld:Theynowaccountformorethanhalfofnewpowersourcesgoingonline.SomegrowthstemsfromacommitmentbygovernmentsandfarsightedBusinesstofundcleanerenergysources.Butincreasinglythestoriesabouttheplummetingpricesofrenewables,especiallywindandsolar.Thecostofsolarpanelshasdroppedby80percentandthecostofwindturbinesbyclosetoone-thirdinthepasteightyears.Inmanypartsoftheworldrenewableenergyisalreadyaprincipalenergysource.InScotland,forexample,windturbinesprovideenoughelectricitytopower95percentofhomes.Whiletherestoftheworldtakesthelead,notablyChinaandEurope,theUnitedStatesisalsoseeinga5