外研社商务英语2013版课后习题汇总

Exercise

sole proprietorship partnership general partnership limited partnership limited partner general partner corporation non-profit corporation double taxation joint venture limited liability company merger horizontal merger vertical merge conglomerate merger acquisition franchise corporate ethics corporate social responsibility corporate culture risk-taking personality attention-to-detail personality outcome-oriented personality team-oriented personality people-oriented personality aggressive personality non-stable personality management planning strategic planning tactical planning operational planning contingency planning organizing directing controlling 个人独资企业 合伙企业 普通合伙 有限合伙 有限合伙人 普通合伙人 公司 非盈利公司 双重课税 合资企业 有限责任公司 兼并 横向兼并 纵向兼并 混合兼并 收购 特许 企业道德 企业社会责任 企业文化 informational role interpersonal role decisional role technical skill human skill conceptual skill production manufacturing operations analytic process synthetic process just-in-time（JIT） purchasing material requirement planning production schedule job schedule program evaluation and review technique（PERT） enterprise resource planning flexible manufacturing systems 信息角色 人际关系角色 决策角色 技术技能 人际技能 概念技能 生产 制造 运作 分解型工艺 合成型工艺 准时库存控制 采购 物料需求计划 生产计划 工作计划 计划评审技术图 企业资源计划 柔性制造系统 喜欢冒险的个性 computer-aided design（CAD） 计算机辅助设计 注重细节的个性 computer-aided engineering 注重结果的个性 productivity 以人为本的个性 lean manufacturing 注重团队的个性 quality management 积极进取的个性 quality assurance 不求稳的个性 管理 计划 战略规划 战术规划 运营规划 应急计划 组织 领导 控制 1 / 10

total quality management quality control quality circles continuous improvement marketing market concept marker mix consumer product industrial product loss leader pricing 计算机辅助工程 生产力 精益生产 质量管理 质量保证 全面质量管理 质量控制 质量管理小组 持续改进 市场营销 市场营销观念 市场营销组合 消费品 工业品 亏本销售定价法 真诚为您提供优质参考资料，若有不当之处，请指正。

autocratic leadership democratic leadership managerial hierarchy distribution direct sale promotion personal selling advertising publicity sales promotion product life cycle consumer buying behavior industrial buying behavior marketing research market segmentation human resource management human resource planning recruitment performance appraisal job description hiring specification

专制型领导 民主型领导 管理层次 分销 直销 促销 个人销售 广告 宣传 销售促销 产品生命周期 个人购买行为 组织购买行为 市场营销调研 市场气氛 人力资源管理 人力资源计划 招聘 业绩评估 职位描述 招聘说明 penetration pricing differential pricing price skimming on-the-job training off-the-job training orientation absolute advantage comparative advantage fixed exchange rate flexible exchange rate balance of payment current account capital account trade surplus trade deficit official reserves letter of credit bill of lading draft tariff quota 渗透定价法 区别定价法 撇脂定价法 在职培训 脱产培训 入职培训 绝对优势 相对优势 固定汇率制 浮动汇率制 国际收支 经常账户 资本账户 贸易顺差 贸易逆差 官方储备 信用证 提单 汇票 关税 配额 Multiple choice questions

Chapter 1

1.The easiest way to become your own boss is to set up a sole proprietorship . 2.My brother-in-law and I want to start a small vacuum cleaner repair shop as partners.We want to keep our investment cost down.We should organize a partnership . 3.A good reason to consider starting a business with a partner is partners with complementary skill can enhance the success of a business . 4.In which of the following forms of organization can you deduct health insurance premiums（保险费）as a business expense? A corporation 5.Marie Wang recently invested $4,000 that her aunt had left her in the stock of a corporation. Marie has become a stockholder （股东）of the corporation.

6.What type of business finds it much easier to raise money? A corporation （法人） 7.All of the following statements about corporation are true except corporations must have at lease one owner with unlimited liability . 8.If I set up my business as an LLC, I could file my tax return as a sole-proprietorship . 9.A conglomerate merger unites firms in completely unrelated industries.

Chapter 2

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1.When an entrepreneur assesses a market,he/she should consider the following aspects except site layout . 2.Ed Brickey wants to be certain he has done all he can do to help his business survive, so he has written a business plan. One advantage of developing the plan is that it forces Ed to think carefully about all aspects of his planned business . 3.Which of the following suggestion is an experienced entrepreneur most likely to give someone who is thinking about getting into business? Even small businesses must keep accurate records . 4.John wants to open a retail business in China. Which of the following is the best time?

before the Labor Day holiday . 5.When should an entrepreneur spend all of his/her time in the business? At the infancy stage .

Chapter 4

1.In what specific sequence do managers perform their functions to help achieve company goals?

Planning , organizing , directing , and controlling . 2.When an organization’s CEO sets a goal for each division, what managerial function is he/she mainly engages in? Planning . 3.Planning is a dynamic decision-making function that focuses on future performance 4.Once managers define future performance goals, they must translate this abstract vision into reality via the function of organizing . 5.A regional vice president lets local store managers operate each store as if it were a separate business. In this effort to better coordinate human and material resources, what managerial function is the vice president seeking to improve? Organizing . 6.At all levels of management, the greatest amount of time is spent on directing . 7.Top management spends the lease amount of time on controlling . 8.An organization has a finance center, a marketing center, and a human resources center. It is organized by function . 9.Which of the following job titles is NOT an example if a middle manager? Section chief 10.Which of the following sets of managerial roles classify Mintzberg’s ten most common roles of managers? Interpersonal , informational , and decisional . 11.Susan Smith periodically takes clients to lunch to reward them for being good customers. What role of management does her action exhibit? Figurehead 12.Which managerial role is to disseminate the organization’s information into its environment? Spokesman

13.Lucy Zhang managers a college bookstore,.She feels that her greatest problem is related to employee motivation. This problem is related to her role as a leader . 14.Mary Tan is the state sales manager for an electronic appliance company. She constantly seeks customer support because they can affect the company’s success. She knows that unhappy customers may switch to a competitor such as Hisense. What managerial role is Mary playing? Liaison .（联络）

15.Technical skills involve the ability to apply scientific methods, processes, and 3 / 10

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techniques . 16.Lisa Anderson promotes ream decision-making and welcomes employees’ free expression without fear of embarrassment. What skill is Lisa primarily using? Interpersonal . 17.Conceptual skills are concerned with a manager’s ability to view the organization as a whole .

Chapter 5

1.All of the following firms would be classified as manufacturers except fisheries .（渔业公司）

2.Most service organizations locate in urban areas because it is important for them to be close to their customers. 3.The assembly process puts components together to produce a product.

4.At a refinery, cruel oil is processes and broke down into many different products including wax and airplane fuel. Oil refining done in the refinery is an example of analytic process . 5.A PERT network consists if activities linked by arrows. Suppose two of the activities on the network are labeled “A” and “B”. An arrow from “A” to “B” indicates that “A” must be completed before “B” can begin . 6. CAM involves computers directly in the production process.

7.What industry is the hardest to measure productivity? Service industries .

Chapter 6

1.The main goal if business marketing is to acquire and keep customers . 2.Which of the following statements by a managing director would best reflect a marketing-orientated business? We organize our business around understanding our customers and delighting them . 3.In a marketing-oriented company, management believe corporate goals can be achieved by satisfying customer needs profitably . 4.A physical, concrete produce you can touch is a good . 5.Geoff, the marketing manager for a manufacturer if hearing aids, is considering the use if a direct mailing campaign to increase sales. Which element of the marketing mix is he concerned with here? Promotion . 6.Which of the following if NOT commonly known as one of the “four P’s” of the marketing mix? Production . 7.In marketing theory, the acronym PLC stands for Product Life Cycle . 8.Marketers often change the elements of the marketing mix for it to be perceived as unique. This process is known as differentiation . 9.Which of the following stages is the last phase in the traditional product life cycle? Decline . 10.What is the first step in planning a market research project? Defining and locating the research already exists. 11.Stephanie Wang is working for a business during her summer holidays. She is sent to the local library to look up population forecasts for two ethnic groups. The information she found would be considered as secondary data. 12.Primary research is to collect original data . 4 / 10

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13.HotStuff, a manufacturer of branded ready meals, want to know what proportion of customers examine the information on their product labels in a supermarket. What is the best way of getting hold if this information? Observation

14.If Walt Disney saw all DVD customers as pretty much alike and thus offered only one marketing mix, it would be using the homogeneous approach.

15.If Walt Ice Cream saw the ice cream market as composed of four age category groupings, each with different needs and desire, each grouping would be called a market segment . 16.Which if the following might be an appropriate basis for segmenting a market? All off the above . 17.McDonald’s uses a segmentation strategy for its sandwiches based on characteristics such

as age, gender, and income. Which group of segmentation variables does it use? Demographic . 18.Toyota knows that some customers want small cars, others family estate cars（旅行轿车）, or sport cars. In this case Toyota has found its markets to be heterogeneous .

Chapter 8

1.Which of the following is NOT the function money serves? Means of evaluation 2.Which of the following is NOT the reason why credit are a popular substitute for cash payments? Because of their small transaction fee . 3.What is the primary function of a central bank? To manage the nation’s money supply . 4.Which of the following will increase the amount of the money supply? Derivative deposits . 5.Which is the most popular form of short-term financing? Trade credit . 6.Which one is the feature of bonds? Conversion privilege . 7.In case of liquidation, who must be paid first? The creditors . 8.Which of the following statements is NOT true?

Under non-cumulative voting each stockholder is entitled to a number of votes equal to the number of shares owned multiplied by the number of directors to be elected .

Chapter 10

1.Which of one following is NOT true about absolute advantage?

According to Adam Smith, a country may also produce goods at home that it can buy at a lower cost from other countries . 2.Gains from trade only occur if countries that have different comparative advantages trade with each other . 3.If country A has a comparative advantage in producing shoes, then it can produce shoes at lower opportunity costs than other countries can . 4.A system of floating exchange rates has currencies whose values fluctuate according to market conditions . 5.Which of the following is NOT the purpose that a bill of lading serves? It is a check . 6.An import tariff may make domestic producers gain . 7.Which of the following is NOT true? Any increase in demand under a tariffs would result in higher prices . 5 / 10

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8.An import tariff of $10 per unit of an imported good that is imposed by a country increases the price of this good in the importing country .

Alternative-answer question

chapter 1

F 1.A sole proprietor is not personally liable for the obligations of his/her business.

F 2.If a sole proprietorship fails, the business is lost, but the personal assets of the owner are secure.

T 3.Closed corporations mean that the stock is held by only a few owners and not actively sold on the stock market.

T 4.The liabilities of the parties to a joint venture are similar to the liabilities of the partnership.

F 5.Ralph Xu wants to invest his money in business and share in its profits, but has no desire to actively manage the company. He also wants to limit his risk of loss. One type of ownership that would allow Ralph to meet his objectives is the general partnership.

F 6.A major producer of personal computers, is considering a merger with a leading producer of microprocessors and other computer chips. The former believes such a merger would give it a guaranteed source of needed components, and would enable it to have better control over quality. If this merger occurs, it would be an example of a horizontal merger. F 7.A franchisee has the right to change products and services of the franchise company. T 8.The franchiser can provide training, guidance, and other forms of support to the franchisee.

chapter 2

F 1.A sole proprietor is not personally liable for the obligations of a business.

F 2.Vivian Chen decided to work for a floral design shop before opening her own shop. This was a poor decision since she used her labor to make someone else successful.

T 3.If a business plan is to be effective it must be specific in analyzing the competition, the money needed to start, and other details of operation.

T 4.The name of a new business should be easy to remember and not misleading. F 5.It is not necessary for a business to obtain licenses or permits.

T 6.It is hard for a small business to employ or find good, qualified people.

chapter 3

T 1.Businesspeople should make every effort to be fair, to consider the welfare of customers and others within the firm, to avoid conflicts of interest, and to communicate honestly.

F 2.Businesses exist for the sole purpose of making profits and creating wealth for the owners.

T 3.Corporate culture is described as the personality of an organization and it guides how employees think, act, and feel.

F 4.The job itself, salary, and bonuses should ba paid more attention to than the corporate

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culture in term of job-hunting.

T 5.Corporate culture has three functions. The first one is to provide a sense of identity for members. The second one is to generate commitment to the organization’s mission. The third is to clarify and reinforce standards of behavior.

T 6.Just as different people have different personalities, different organizations have different personalities, different organizations have different corporate cultures.

F 7aaapanies that treat employees well are said to have healthy corporate culture and these companies tend to have high employee turnover.

F 8.A big company usually has its subcultures and subcultures are regarded as separate cultures from the dominant culture.

T 9.Three major factors contribute to the emergence of corporate culture.They are company founders, experience with the general business and industry environment, and contact with others.

F 10.Only great events, not small tales, illustrate key aspects of an organization’s culture and telling great event can effectively introduce or reaffirm those values to employees.

T 11.The slang or jargon used in a company helps its employees define their identities as members of an organization.

T 12.Corporate culture and corporate climate are two different concepts. The former refers to the values, beliefs, and customs or norms of an organization, while the latter refers to the general atmosphere of an organization.

chapter 4

T 1.The president or CEO is the top management. T 2.Supervisor is the name for a first-line manager,

F 3.The supervisor is locate at the top of the managerial hierarchy.

T 4.The vice president is located at the top of the managerial hierarchy.

T 5.The supervisor’s monitor role involves receiving and collecting information.

F 6.Supervisory management is less focused and more long-term than higher management role.

F 7.Initiating organizational change refers to a manager’s figurehead role.

T 8.In disseminating organizational information, the supervisor is acting in the role of spokesperson.

T 9.The relationship between the manager and employees refers to the leader role.

T 10.The most important role of the manager at all organizational levels is that of the leader.

T 11.Today’s managerial roles are commonly interdependent.

T 12.The roles of negotiator and resource allocator are closely related. F 13.Conceptual skills are used by most supervisors.

F 14.Supervisors use human skills more than top managers. T 15.Interpersonal relations are a type of human skills.

T 16.Management skills are classified into conceptual, human, and technical skills. F 17.Technical skills are used most by middle managers.

T 18.The ability to effectively run a machine is classified as a technical skill.

T 19.Working effectively with a team to resolve conflicts describes a human skill.

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F 20.In strategic planning, the company should diagnose threats and opportunities after implementing the company missions and goals.

chapter 5

F 1.Manufacturing and production mean the same thing.

T 2.When an ice company compresses carbon dioxide and cools it to produce dry ice, it is engaged in manufacturing process.

T 3.Paper mills should locate in areas where clean water is available in large quantities and at low cost.

T 4.The primary characteristic of a “just-in-time” inventory system is that suppliers deliver their products “just-in-time” to go on the assembly line.

F 5.The major purpose of program evaluation and review technique(PERT) is to identify the minimum time needed to complete a project.

T 6.CAD/CAM has made it possible to custom-design products to meet the tastes of small markets with a very small increase in costs.

F 7.The quality of goods or service is determined or defined by the producing companies. F 8.Quality control is mainly about “preventing” defective output rather than detecting it.

chapter 6

F 1.If the introduction of a new product will reduce sales of an existing product sold by a company, the new product should not be introduced.

T 2.Marketing managers are concerned with product promotion, but they leave the actual design of the product managers.

F 3.The new product that your start-up company has developed appears to have significant market potential in 30 countries around the world. You should introduce it in all 30 countries as soon as possible in order to establish a foothold in the marketplace before the competition can get established.

T 4.A company does not always price its products or services to cover total costs plus a reasonable profit margin.

F 5.It is not possible to “differentiate” products that are considered “commodity” items. T 6.Consumers usually do a lot of searching before they buy expensive products.

F 7.Market research starts with a look at primary data because it is easier and less expensive to obtain than secondary data.

T 8.In developing a market segmentation strategy it is possible to have a combination of demographic, geographic, and product usage dimensions to the strategy.

T 9.If a product/service is to be marketed in several countries, psychographic segmentation analysis would be important in developing an effective marketing strategy.

chapter 7

F 1.Orientation involves using application forms, resumes, interviews, employment and skills tests, and reference checks to evaluate and screen job candidates for the managers who will ultimately select and hire a candidate.

T 2.Training and development both aim to increase employees’ abilities to contribute to organizational effectiveness.

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F 3.Low performers may have higher incomes and be prompted or transferred to help them develop their skills.

F 4.A booming economy can encourage expansion, which would increase the demand for employees. The same booming economy would result in high unemployment, making it easier and cheaper to attract qualified employees.

F 5.Firms recruit their employees only by such three sources as educational institutions, employment agencies, and job advertisements.

T 6.Managers can use four procedures to determine the training needs of individuals in their organization or subunit. They are performance appraisal, analysis of job requirements, organizational analysis, and employee survey.

T 7.The four C’s model for evaluating the effectiveness of HRM are competence, commitment, congruence, and cost effectiveness.

F 8.High commitment means that employees are versatile in their skills and can take on new roles and jobs as needed.

T 9.Salary is money compensation for longer periods of work time (e.g.a month or a year) and mostly paid to middle-and upper-level managers.

F 10.Like wages, salaries, and incentive programs which are directly linked with the jobs done, fringe benefits are also directly related with work performed.

T 11.The most common fringe benefits in the U.S. are life, health, and disability insurance, pension plans, and paid vacations.

T 12.Job enrichment and job enlargement have been adopted in many organizations to satisfy both the fundamental and personal needs of employees.

chapter 8

T 1.Money is a highly liquid financial asset that is generally accepted in exchange for other goods; it is used as a reference in valuing other goods, and can ba stored as wealth.

F 2.If there is too much money compared with the goods and services offered at existing prices, the goods and services will sell out, and money will not buy you anything, or prices will fall.

T 3.Money is a useful unit of account only as long as its value relative to the average of all other prices does not change too quickly.

T 4.Money is a financial asset. So it serves as a way to accumulate wealth until it is spent. To be a satisfactory store of purchasing power, however, the value of money should be reasonably stable over time.

F 5.Checking account refers to an account at a bank or other financial institution, with funds that can be withdrawn with an advance notice.

T 6.Savings accounts are not generally used for transactions or as a medium of exchange, because they cannot because directly as money, but their funds can be moved to a checking account which can be used directly by writing a check.

F 7.Money may be withdrawn from the savings account prematurely only after paying a substantial penalty which is higher than its total interest.

F 8.Average annual fees for the privilege of carrying specific credit cards are the most important source of money for issuing banks although bank cards are increasingly available with vary little charge.

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F 9.Probably the most familiar form of electronic banking is the automated teller machine, which dispenses cash, accepts deposits, grant loans, and allows balance inquiries and cash transfers from one account to another.

T 10.Once a corporation issues common stock, it cannot be recalled from the market as callable bonds or callable preferred stock.

Chapter 9

F 1.E-Commerce was first developed in the 1980s. T 2.EDI stands for Electronic Data Interchange. T 3.EDI is often described as “paperless trading.”

F 4.Small and medium enterprises who cannot afford to establish overseas offices cannot contact with the outside world even if there exists E-Commerce.

F 5.E-Commerce includes two types: Business-to-Business(B2B) E-Commerce and Business-to-Consumer (B2C) E-Commerce.

F 6.It’s more expensive to launch a functional E-Commerce site than to open a new sales office or retail store.

T 7.E-Learning falls into two categories: synchronous and asynchronous. T 8.E-Learning can save both time and money for the companies.

T 9.The Internet-based systems are often called “lite EDI” because many of them contain all the features of conventional EDI networks.

T 10.One important obstacle to the speed of B2B electronic commerce is the high technological demands that companies face in transferring data to electronic networks from computers.

T 11.The Internet can expand markets and territories, develop global marketing partnerships, and provide worldwide customer service.

chapter 10

T 1.One reason that a nation trades is that it lacks the raw materials, climate, specialist labor, capital, or technology needed to manufacture a particular good.

T 2.One way to maintain a fixed exchange rate is to manipulate the market through the use of official reserves.

T 3.The balance-of-payments statement shows all the payments a nation receives from foreign countries and all the payments it makes to them.

F 4.A country’s balance of payments is said to be in deficit by a certain amount if source of funds (such as imports or the receipts or the receipts of loans and investments ) exceed uses of funds (such as imports or investments in foreign countries ) by that amount . T 5.A time draft allows for a delay in payment-normally 30, 60, 90, or 120 days.

F 6.A letter of credit is issued by a bank at the request of an exporter and then sent to the importer’s bank.

F 7.The most important function of tariffs is to raise revenue for the government.

F 8.A revenue tariff is designed to shield domestic producers from foreign competition. T 9/Tariffs reduce the overall efficiency of the world economy because a protective tariff encourages domestic firms to produce products at home that, in theory, could be produced more efficiently abroad.

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