2018高考全国卷2英语真题和答案解析版

绝密★启用前

2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试

英语

本试卷共150分，共12页。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 注意事项：

1.答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。

2.选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整，笔迹清楚。 3.请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，学&科网超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。 4.作图可先用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。 5.保持卡面清洁，不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。 第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案，听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话尽读一遍。 例：Howmuchistheshirt? A、$19.15B、$9.18 C、$9.15 答案是C。 1、Whatwillthewomandothisafternoon? A、DosomeexerciseB、GoshoppingC、Washherclothes 2、Whydoesthewomancalltheman? A、TocancelaflightB、TomakeanapologyC、Toputoffameeting 3、HowmuchmoredoesDavidneedforthecar? A、$5,000B、$20,000 C、$25,000 4、WhatisJanedoing? A、PlanningatourB、CallingherfatherC、Askingforleave 5、Howdoesthemanfeel? A、TiredB、DizzyC、Thirsty

第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6.WhatdoesJackwanttodo?

A.WatchTV.B.Playoutside.C.Gotothezoo. 7.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace? A.Athome.B.Inacinema.C.Inasupermarket. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8.WhatdoesRicharddo?

A.He’sanewsman.B.He’samanager.C.He’saresearcher. 9.WhereisRichardgoingnextweek? A.Birmingham.B.Mexico City.C.Shanghai. 10.Whatwillthespeakersdotomorrow? A.Eatouttogether.B.Visitauniversity.C.SeeProfessorHayes. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespearkers? A.Schoolfriends. B.Teacherandstudent. C.Librarianandlibraryuser. 12.WhydoesJimsuggestMarybuythebook? A.It’ssoldatadiscountprice. B.It’simportantforherstudy. C.It’swrittenbyProfessorLee. 13.WhatwillJimdoforMary? A.Sharehisbookwithher. B.Lendhersomemoney. C.AskHenryforhelp.

听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14.WheredoesStellalive?

A.InMemphisB.InBostonC.InSt Louis

15.Whatwouldpeterandhisfamilyliketodoonbealestreet? A.VisitamuseumB.ListentimusicC.Havedinner 16.Whatkindofhoteldoespeterprefer?

A.AbigoneB.AquiteoneC.Amodernone 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17.Howmanylabsessionswillthestudentshaveeveryweek? A.OneB.TwoC.Three

18.Whatarethestudentsallowedtowearinthelab? A.LongscarvesB.LooseclothesC.Tennisshoes

19.Whyshouldthestudentsavoidmixingliquidwithpaper? A.ItmaycauseafireB.ItmaycreatewasteC.Itmayproducepollution 20.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout? A.Gradesthestudentwillreceive B.Rulesthestudentsshouldfollow C.Experimentsthestudentswilldo. 第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。 A Inthecomingmonths,wearebringingtogetherartistsformallovertheglobe,toenjoyspeakingshakespeare’splaysintheirownlanguage,inourglobe,withinthearchitectureshakespearewrotefor.Pleasecomeandjoinus. NationalTheatreOfChinaBeijing|Chinese Thisgreatoccasion(盛

会)willbethenationaltheatreofchina’sfirstvisittotheUK.Thecompany’sproductionsshowthenewfaceof21

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centurychinesetheatre.Thisproductionof Shakespeare’sRichardIIIwillbedirectedbytheNational’sAssociateDirector,WangXiaoying. Date&Time:Saturday28April,2.30pm&Sunday29April,1.30pm&6.30pm MarjanishviliTheatreTbilisilGeorgian

OneofthemostfamoustheatresinGeorgia,theMarjanishvili,foundedin1928,appearsregularlyattheatrefestivalsallovertheworld.ThisnewproductionofAsYouLikeItishelmedbythecompany’sArtisticDirectorLevanTsuladze. Date&Time:Friday18May,2.30pm&Sunday19May,7.30pm DeafinitelyTheaterLondonlBritishSignLanguage（BSL）

BytranslatingtherichandhumouroustaxtofLove’sLabour’sLostintothephysicallanguageofBSL,Deafinitel

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yThertrecreatesanewinterpretationofShakespeare’scomedyandaimstobuildabridgebetweendeafandhearingworldsbyperformingtobothgroupsasoneaudience. Date&Time:Tueaday22May,2.30pm&Wednesday23May,7.30pm HabimaNationalTheatreTelAvivlHebrew

TheHabimaisthecentreofHebrew-languegetheatreworldwide,FoundedinMoscowafterthe1905revolution,thecompanyeventuallysettledinTelAvivinthelate1920s,Since1958,theyhavebeenrecognizedasthenationaltheatreofIsrael.ThisproductionofShakespeare’sTheMerchantofVenicemarkstheirfirstvisittotheUK. DateDate&Time:Monday28May,7.30&Tuesday29May,7.30pm 21.whichplaywillbeperformedbytheNationalTheatreofChina? A.RichardⅢ.B.Lover’sLabour’sLost C.AsYouLikeItD.ThemerchantofVenice 22.WhatisspecialaboutDeafinnitelyTheatre? A.TthastwogroupsofactorsB.ItistheleadingtheatreinLondon C.ItperformsplaysinBSLD.Itisgoodatprductingcomedies 23.WhencanyouseeaplayinHebrew? A.Onsuturday28Apil.B.OnSunday29April C.OnTuesday22May.D.OnTuesday29May B IfirstmetPaulNewmanin1968,whenGeorgeRoyHill,thedirectorofButchCassidyandtheSundanceKid,introducedusinNew York City.Whenthestudiodidn’twantmeforthefilm—itwantedsomebodyaswellknownasPaul—hestoodupforme.Idon’tknowhowmanypeoplewouldhavedonethat;theywouldhavelistenedtotheiragentsorthestudiopowers. ThefriendshipthatgrewoutoftheexperienceofmakingthatfilmandTheStingfouryearslaterhaditsrootinthefactthatalthoughtherewasanagedifference,webothcamefromatraditionoftheaterandliveTV.Wewererespectfulofcraft

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andfocusedondiggingintothecharactersweweregoingtoplay.BothofushadthequalitiesandvirtuesthataretypicalofAmericanactors:humorous,aggressive,andmakingfunofeachother

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butalwayswithanunderlyingaffection.Thosewerealsoatthecore（核心）ofourrelationshipoffthescreen.

Wesharedthebriefthatifyou’refortunateenoughtohavesuccess,youshouldputsomethingback

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hewithhisNewman’sOwnfoodandhisHoleintheWallcampsforkidswhoareseriouslyill,andmewithSundanceandtheinstituteandthefestival.PaulandIdidn’tseeeachotherallthatregularly,zxx.kbutsharingthatbroughtus

together.Wesupportedeachotherfinanciallyandbyshowingupatevents.

Ilastsawhimafewmonthsago.He’dbeeninandoutofthehospital.HeandIbothknewwhatthedealwas,andwedidn’ttalkaboutit.Ourswasarelationshipthatdidn’tneedalotofwords. 24.Whywasthestudiounwillingtogivetheroletoauthoratfirst? A.PaulNewmanwantedit.B.Thestudiopowersdidn’tlikehisagent. C.Hewasn’tfamousenough.D.Thedirectorrecommendedsomeoneelse. 25.WhydidPaulandtheauthorhavealastingfriendship? A.Theywereofthesamedge.B.Theyworkedinthesametheater. C.Theywerebothgoodactors.D.Theyhansimilarcharactertics. 26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraph3referto? A.Theirbelief.B.Theircareforchileden. C.Theirsuccess.D.Theirsupportforeachother. 27.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetest? A.Toshowhisloveoffilms.B.Torememberafriend. C.Tointroduceanewmovie.D.Tosharehisactingexperience. C TerrafugiaInc.saidMondaythatitsnewflyingcarhascompleteditsfirstflight,bringingthecompanyclosertoitsgoalofsellingtheflyingcarwithinthenextyear.Thewehicle-namedtheTransition–hastwoseatswheelsandwingsthatfoldupsoitcanbedrivenlikeacar.TheTransition,whichflewat1,400feetforeightminuteslastmonth,canreacharound70milesperhourontheroadand115 inthefliesusinga23-gallontankofgasandbums5gallonsperhourintheair.Ontheground,itgets35milespergallon..

Around100peoplehavealreadyputdowna$10,000deposittogetaTransitionwhentheygoonsale,andthosenumberswilllikelyriseafterTerrafugiaintroducestheTransitiontothepubliclaterthisweekattheNewYorkAutoShow.Butdon’texpectittoshowupintoomanydriveways.It’sexpectedtocost$279,000.Anditwon’thelpifyou’restuckintraffic.Thecarneedsarunway.

Inventorshavebeentryingtomakeflyingcarssincethe1930s,accordingtoRobertMann,anairlineindustryexpert.ButMannthinksTerrafugiahascomecloserthananyonetomakingtheflyingcarareality.Thegovemmenthasalreadypermittedz&xxkthecompanytousespecialmaterialstomakeiteasierforthevehicletofly.TheTransitionisnowgoingthroughcrashteststomakesureitmeetsfederalsafetysiandards.

MannsaidTerrafugiawashelpedbytheFederalAviationAdministration’sdecisionfiveyearsagotocreat

easeparatesetofstandardsforlightsportaircraft,whicharelowerthanthoseforpilotsoflargerplanes.Terrafugiasaysanownerwouldneedtopassatestandcomplete?20?hours?of?flying?time?to?be?able?to?fly?the?Transition,a?requirement?pilots?would?find?relatively?easy?to?meet. 28.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?

A.ThebasicdataoftheTransition.B.Theadvantagesofflyingcars. C.Thepotentialmarketforflyingcars.C.ThedesignersoftheTransition. 29.WhyistheTransitionunlikelytoshowupintoomanydriveways?

A.Itcauserstrafficjams.B.Itisdifficulttooperate. C.Itisveryexpensive.D.Itbumstoomuchfuel. 30.Whatisthegovemment’sattitudetothedevelopmentoftheflyingcar? A.CautiousB.Favorable. C.Ambiguous.D.Disapproving. 31.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext? A.FlyingCaratAutoShowB.TheTransition’sFistFlight C.Pilots’DreamComingTrueD.FlyingCarClosertoReality D Whenaleafyplantisunderattack，

itdoesn’tsitquietly.Backin1983,twoscientists,JackSchultzandIanBaldwin,reportedthatyoungmapletreesgettingbittenbyinsectssendoutaparticularsmellthatneighboringplantscanget.Thesechemicalscomefromtheinjuredpartsoftheplantandseemtobeanalarm.Whattheplantspumpthroughtheairisamixtureofchemicalsknownasvolatileorganiccompounds,VOCsforshort. ScientistshavefoundthatallkindsofplantsgiveoutVOCswhenbeingattacked.It’saplant’swayofcryingout.Butisanyonelistening?Apparently.Becausewecanwatchtheneighboursreact. Someplantspumpoutsmellychemicalstokeepinsectsaway.Butothersdodoubleduty.Theypumpoutperfumesdesignedtoattractdifferentinsectswhoarenaturalenemiestotheattackers.Oncetheyarrive,thetablesareturned.Theattackerwhoarenaturalenemiestotheattackers.zxx|kOncetheyarrive,thetablesareturned.Theattackerwhowaslunchingnowbecomeslunch.

Instudyafterstudy,itappearsthatthesechemicalconversationshelptheneighbors.Thedamageisusuallymoreseriousonthefirstplant,buttheneighbors,relativelyspeaking,staysaferbecausetheyheardthealarmandknewwhattodo.

Does?this?mean?that?plants?talk?to?each?other??Scientists?don’t?know.?Maybe?the?first?plant?just

?made?a?cry?of?pain?or?was?sending?a?message?to?its?own?branches,?and?so,?in?effect,?was?talking?to?itself.?Perhaps?the?neighbors?just?happened?to?“overhear”?the?cry.?So?information?was?exchanged,?but?it?wasn’t?a?true,?intentional?back?and?forth.

Charles?Darwin,?over?150?years?ago,?imagined?a?world?far?busier,?noisier?and?more?intimate(亲密的)?than?the?world?we?can?see?and?hear.?Our?senses?are?weak.?There’s?a?whole?lot?going?on. 32.?What?does?a?plant?do?when?it?is?under?attack?

A.?It?makes?noises.?????B.?It?gets?help?from?other?plants. C.?It?stands?quietly????D.?It?sends?out?certain?chemicals. 33.?What?does?the?author?mean?by?“the?tables?are?turned”?in?paragraph?3? A.?The?attackers?get?attacked.B.?The?insects?gather?under?the?table. C.?The?plants?get?ready?to?fight?back.D.?The?perfumes?attract?natural?enemies. 34.Scientistsfindfromtheirstudiesthatplantscan. A.predictnaturaldisastersB.protectthemselvesagainstinsects C.talktooneanotherintentionallyD.helptheirneighborswhennecessary 35.whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph? A.Thewordischangingfasterthanever. B.Peoplehavestrongersensesthanbefore C.Theworldismorecomplexthanitseems D.PeopleinDarwin’stimewereimaginative. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Interruptionsareoneoftheworstthingstodealwithwhileyou’retryingtogetworkdone.36,thereareseveralwaystohandlethings.Let’stakealookatthemnow. 37.Tellthepersonyou’resorryandexplainthatyouhaveamillionthingstodoandthenaskiftheofyoucantalkatadifferenttime.

Whenpeopletrytointerruptyou,havesethoursplannedandletthemknowtocomebackduringthattimeorthatyou’llfindthemthen.38.Itcanhelptoeliminate(消除)futureinterruptions.

Whenyouneedtosomeone,don’tdoitinyourownoffice.39.it’smucheaseiertoexcuseyourselftogetbacktoyourworkthanifyoutrytogetsomeoneoutofyourspaceevenafterexplaininghowbusyyouare

Ifyouhaveadoortoyouroffice,makegooduseofit.40.Ifsomeoneknocksandit’snotanimportantmatter.Excuseyourselfandletthepersonknowyou’rebusysotheycangetthehint(

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示)thanwhenthedoorisclosed,you’renottobedisturbed. A.Ifyou’rebusy,don’tfeelbadaboutsayingno B.Whenyouwanttoavoidinterruptionsatworkzxx.k C.Setboundariesforyourself asyourtimegoes

D.Ifyou’reintheotherperson’sofficeorinapublicarcea E.It’simportantthatyouletthemknowwhenyou’llbeavailable F.Itmightseemunkindtocutpeopleshirtwhentheyinterruptyou G.Leaveitopenwhenyou’reavailabletotalkandcloseitwhenyou’renot 第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节（共20小题：每小题1.5分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In1973,Iwasteachingelementaryschool.Eachday,27kids41“TheThinkingLaboratory.”Thatwasthe42studentsvotedforafterdecidingthat“Room104”wastoo43. Freddywasanaverage44,butnotanaverageperson.Hehadtherarebalanceoffunandcompassion情）.Hewould45theloudestoverfunandbethesaddestoveranyone’s46. Beforetheschoolyear47,Igavethekidsaspecial48,T-shertswiththewords“VerbsAreYour49onthem.Ihadadvisedthekidsthatwhileverbs（动词）

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mayseemdull,mostofthe50thingstheydothroughouttheirliveswillbeverbs. Throughtheyears,I’drunintoformerstudentswhowouldprovide51onoldclassmates.IlearnedthatFreddydidseveraljobsafterhis52fromhighschoolandremainedthesame53personImetfortyyearsbefore.Once,whileworkingovernightatastore,heletahomelessman afriendmoneytobuyahouse. Justlastyear,Iwas56 aworkshopwhensomeoneknockedattheclassroomdoor.Awoman57theinterruptionandhandedmeanenvelope.Istoppedteachingand58itup.Insidewerethe“Verbs”shertanda59fromFreddy’smonther.“FreddypassedawayonThanksgiving.Hewantedyoutohavethis.”

Itoldthestorytotheclass.Assadasitwas,Icouldn’thelpsmiling.AlthoughFreddywastakenfromus,weall60somethingfromFreddy.

41.A.builtB.enteredC.decoratedD.ran 42.A.nameB.ruleC.brandD.plan 43.A.smallB.darkC.strangeD.dull

inhistruck.Anothertime,he55

44.A.scholarB.studentC.citizenD.worker 45.A.speakB.singC.questionD.laugh

46.A.misfortuneB.disbeliefC.dishonestyD.mistake 47.A.changedB.approachedC.returnedD.ended B.gifeC.reportD.message

49.A.friendsB.AwardsC.MastersD.Tasks 50.A.simpleB.uniqueC.funD.clever

51.A.assessmentsB.commentsC.instructionsD.updates 52.A.graduationB.retirementC.separationD.resignation 53.A.daringB.modestC.caringD.smart .A.waitB.sleepC.studyD.live 55.A.paidB.chargedC.lentD.owed 56.A.observingB.preparingC.designingD.conducting 57.A.regrettedB.avoidedC.excusedD.ignored 58.A.openedB.packedC.gaveD.held 59.A.pictureB.billC.noteD.diary 60.A.choseB.tookC.expectedD.borrowed 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In1863thefirstundergroundpassengerrailwayintheworldopenedinLondon.Itranforjustundersevenkilometersandallowedpeopletoavoidterrible__61__(crowd)ontheroadsaboveastheytravelledtoand___62__word.Ittookthreeyearstocompleteandwasbuiltusinganinterestingmethod.Thisincludeddigginguptheroad,____63___(lay)thetrackandthenbuildingastrongroofover______top.Whenallthosehadbeendone,theroadsurfacewasreplaced.

Steamengines___65__(use)topullthecarriagesanditmusthavebeen___66__(fair)unpleasantforthepasssengers,withallthesmokeandnoise.However,therailwayquicklyprovedtobeagreatsuccessandwithinsixmonths,morethan25,000peoplewereusing___67__everyday.

Later,engineers____68___(manage)toconstructrailwaysinasystemofdeeptunnels(

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道）,whichbecameknowntothetube.Thisdevelopmentwasonlypossiblewiththe___69___(introduce)ofelectric-poweredenginesandlifts.ThecentralLondonRailwaywasoneofthemost___70___(success)ofthesenewlines,andwasopenedin1900.Ithadwhite-paintedtunnelsandbrightredcarriages,andprovedextremelypopularwiththep

ublic.

第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）

第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处；每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（\\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改的词。 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。 Mr.andMrs.Zhangallworkinourschool.Theylivefarfromtheschool,andittakesthemaboutahourandahalftogotoworkeveryday.Intheirsparetime,theyareinterestinginplantingvegetablesintheirgarden,thatisontherooftopoftheirhouse.Theyoftengetupearlierandwaterthevegetablestogether.Theyhavealsoboughtforsomegardeningtools.beside,theyoftengetsomeusefulinformationsfromtheinternet.Whensummercame,theywillinvitetheirstudentspickthevegetables！ 第二节书面表达（满分25分） 假定你是李华，想邀请邀请外教Henry一起参观中国剪纸（paper-cutting）艺术展。请给他写封邮件，内容包括： 1.展览时间、地点； 2.展览内容。 注意：

1.词数100左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 答案： 21——23、ACD 24——27、CDAB 28——31、ACBD 32——35、DABC 36——40、BAEDG

41—45BADBD 46—50ADBAC 51—55DACBC 56—60DCACB

61.crowds62.from63.laying.the65.wereused66.fairly67.it68.Managed69.introduction70.successful 71.allboth72.aan73.interestinginterested74.thatwhich75.earlyearlier76.for删除

77.besidebesides78.informationsinformation79.camecomes80.studentspickstudentstopick